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C# Book

Chapter

1. Language Basics

2. Essential Types

3. Collections

4. LINQ

5. LINQ XML

6. XML

7. Stream

8. Net

9. Reflection

10. Thread

11. Regular Expressions

Full List

1. Language Basics

1. 1. Introduction

1. 1. 1. Your first C# program

1. 1. 2. First program line by line

1. 1. 3. Program structure

1. 1. 4. Identifiers

1. 1. 5. Keywords

1. 1. 6. Adding @ in front of a keyword

1. 1. 7. Comments

1. 2. Data Types

1. 2. 1. Types and variables

1. 2. 2. Variable

1. 2. 3. Data type conversion

1. 2. 4. Value type vs reference type

1. 2. 5. null reference value

1. 3. Predefined Data Types

1. 3. 1. Predefined data types

1. 3. 2. Numeric types

1. 3. 3. Integer type literal

1. 3. 4. Real number literal

1. 3. 5. Literal suffix

1. 3. 6. Default literal

1. 3. 7. Type conversion for predefined types

1. 3. 8. Max value and Min value

1. 3. 9. double vs decimal

1. 3. 10. bool type

1. 3. 11. char type

1. 3. 12. char escape sequence

1. 3. 13. string type

1. 3. 14. Compare two string values

1. 3. 15. Escape sequence for strings

1. 3. 16. Verbatim string literal

1. 3. 17. string concatenation

1. 3. 18. Determine the order

1. 3. 19. What is an Array

1. 3. 20. Arrays as Objects

1. 3. 21. for loop and array

1. 3. 22. Array initialization

1. 3. 23. Default array initializing

1. 3. 24. Multidimensional array

1. 3. 25. Initialize multidimensional array

1. 3. 26. Simplified Array Initialization Expressions

1. 3. 27. var array type

1. 3. 28. Index out of range exception

1. 3. 29. Arrays as Arguments

1. 3. 30. Passing Arrays Using ref and out

1. 4. Operators

1. 4. 1. Operators in C#

1. 4. 2. Arithmetic Operators

1. 4. 2. 1. Arithmetic operators

1. 4. 2. 2. Increment operator and decrement operator

1. 4. 2. 3. Division on integers

1. 4. 2. 4. Divide by zero exception

1. 4. 2. 5. Integral type overflow

1. 4. 2. 6. Check runtime overflow

1. 4. 2. 7. Turn on the overflow checking by compiling

1. 4. 2. 8. unchecked operator

1. 4. 2. 9. Integral type promotion

1. 4. 2. 10. Infinit real numners

1. 4. 2. 11. Check Not-a-Number

1. 4. 3. Bitwise operators

1. 4. 3. 1. Bitwise operators in C#

1. 4. 4. Conditional operators

1. 4. 4. 1. Conditional operators in C#

1. 4. 4. 2. Conditional shortcut

1. 4. 5. Ternary operator

1. 4. 6. default operator

1. 4. 6. 1. default keyword

1. 4. 6. 2. Default value for struct

1. 5. Flow Control Statements

1. 5. 1. Flow control statements

1. 5. 2. if statement

1. 5. 2. 1. if statement

1. 5. 2. 2. else branch

1. 5. 2. 3. Nested if statement

1. 5. 2. 4. if statement without braces

1. 5. 3. switch statement

1. 5. 3. 1. switch statement

1. 5. 3. 2. Group case statements together

1. 5. 4. while loop

1. 5. 4. 1. while loop

1. 5. 5. do while loop

1. 5. 5. 1. do...while loop

1. 5. 6. for loop statement

1. 5. 6. 1. for loop

1. 5. 7. foreach statement

1. 5. 7. 1. foreach loop

1. 5. 8. break statement

1. 5. 8. 1. break statement

1. 5. 9. continue statement

1. 5. 9. 1. continue statement

1. 5. 10. return statement

1. 5. 11. goto statement

1. 6. class

1. 6. 1. Classes and Structs

1. 6. 2. Class creation

1. 6. 3. Nested types

1. 6. 4. Members

1. 7. Field

1. 7. 1. Class field

1. 7. 2. Multiple fields declaration

1. 7. 3. Read only field

1. 7. 4. Field initialization and default value

1. 7. 5. Default value for each type

1. 7. 6. const value

1. 8. Method

1. 8. 1. Methods

1. 8. 2. A demo method

1. 8. 3. Assign value to local variable

1. 8. 4. Method overloading

1. 8. 5. ref and out modifiers and method overloading

1. 8. 6. Main functions

1. 9. Constructor

1. 9. 1. Constructor

1. 9. 2. Overloading constructors

1. 9. 3. this() and constructor

1. 9. 4. Implicit parameterless constructor

1. 9. 5. Object initialization

1. 9. 6. Constructors with named parameters

1. 9. 7. Optional parameters and constructors

1. 9. 8. static constructor

1. 10. Parameters

1. 10. 1. Parameters

1. 10. 2. Modifiers for parameters

1. 10. 3. ref modifier

1. 10. 4. out parameter modifier

1. 10. 5. Variable length parameter

1. 10. 6. Optional parameters

1. 10. 7. Named parameters

1. 11. Properties

1. 11. 1. Properties

1. 11. 2. read only property

1. 11. 3. Automatic property

1. 11. 4. Accessibilities of get and set

1. 12. indexer

1. 12. 1. Indexer

1. 12. 2. Your own indexer

1. 12. 3. Multidimensional indexer

1. 13. this

1. 13. 1. this keyword

1. 14. Partial type

1. 14. 1. Partial type

1. 14. 2. Partial method

1. 15. Finalizer

1. 15. 1. Finalizer

1. 16. Inheritance

1. 16. 1. Inheritance

1. 16. 2. class hierarchy and casting

1. 16. 3. base keyword

1. 16. 4. Overloading and Resolution

1. 16. 5. Polymorphism

1. 17. virtual

1. 17. 1. virtual members

1. 17. 2. Shadow inherited members

1. 17. 3. new and virtual

1. 17. 4. Seal a member

1. 18. Operator overloading

1. 18. 1. Operator overloading

1. 18. 2. Conversion Operator

1. 19. Special Classes

1. 19. 1. Abstract class

1. 19. 2. Static Class

1. 20. static

1. 20. 1. Static Members

1. 21. as is

1. 21. 1. as operator

1. 21. 2. is operator

1. 22. object

1. 22. 1. object class

1. 22. 2. ToString method

1. 22. 3. Class object instance

1. 22. 4. Struct Instances vs. Class Instances

1. 22. 5. Object Identity vs. Value Equality

1. 23. Boxing and unboxing

1. 23. 1. Boxing and unboxing

1. 24. var

1. 24. 1. Anonymous Type

1. 24. 2. var type variable is static typed

1. 25. dynamic

1. 25. 1. dynamic type

1. 25. 2. ExpandoObject Dynamic Type

1. 25. 3. dynamic type conversion

1. 26. typeof

1. 26. 1. GetType and typeof operator

1. 27. struct

1. 27. 1. Creating a struct

1. 28. Accessor Modifiers

1. 28. 1. Access modifier

1. 29. interface

1. 29. 1. interface

1. 29. 2. interface is extendable

1. 29. 3. Explicit interface implementation

1. 29. 4. virtual interface implementation

1. 29. 5. interface and struct boxing

1. 30. enum

1. 30. 1. enum type

1. 30. 2. enum backend numeric type

1. 30. 3. enum backend value

1. 30. 4. enum type conversion

1. 30. 5. Build up enum

1. 30. 6. Flag enum

1. 30. 7. Is enum value defined

1. 31. generics

1. 31. 1. Generic type

1. 31. 2. Generic methods

1. 31. 3. Generic type and ref, out

1. 31. 4. Type parameters

1. 31. 5. Default generic value

1. 31. 6. Generic type parameter constraints

1. 31. 7. Subclassing generic type

1. 32. delegate

1. 32. 1. delegate creation

1. 32. 2. delegate type parameters

1. 32. 3. Multicast delegate

1. 32. 4. instance delegate method reference

1. 32. 5. delegate with generic type

1. 32. 6. Func and Action

1. 32. 7. delegate variables

1. 32. 8. Polymorphic parameters for delegate

1. 32. 9. delegate return type

1. 33. event

1. 33. 1. Event and delegate

1. 33. 2. C# standard event pattern

1. 34. lambda

1. 34. 1. lambda Expressions

1. 34. 2. Func, Action and lambda

1. 34. 3. Using outter variable

1. 34. 4. lambda and iteration variables

1. 35. try catch finally

1. 35. 1. try...catch...finally

1. 35. 2. catch statement

1. 35. 3. finally statement

1. 36. using statement

1. 36. 1. using statement

1. 37. Throw exception

1. 37. 1. Throw exception

1. 37. 2. Rethrow exception

1. 37. 3. System.Exception

1. 37. 4. Frequent used exception types

1. 38. namespace

1. 38. 1. What is namespace

1. 38. 2. namespace hierarchy

1. 38. 3. Full qualified type name

1. 38. 4. using statement and namespace

1. 38. 5. namespace scope

1. 38. 6. Partial qualified name

1. 38. 7. Hidden types

1. 38. 8. Alias namespace

1. 38. 9. global namespace

1. 39. nullable

1. 39. 1. nullable type

1. 39. 2. nullable type conversion

1. 39. 3. Operators for nullable type

1. 39. 4. ?? operator

1. 40. Anonymous type

1. 40. 1. Anonymous type

1. 40. 2. Properties and anonymous type

1. 41. Extension method

1. 41. 1. Extension method

1. 42. Preprosessor Directives

1. 42. 1. Preprosessor directives

1. 42. 2. Conditional compilation

1. 42. 3. Conditional attributes

1. 43. unsafe code

1. 43. 1. unsafe code

1. 44. Xml Documentation

1. 44. 1. Xml Documentation

1. 44. 2. Standard Xml documentation tags

1. 45. Debug Trace

1. 45. 1. Debug and Trace Classes

1. 45. 2. TraceListener

1. 45. 3. Fail() method

1. 45. 4. Assert

2. Essential Types

2. 1. Char

2. 1. 1. Char Structure

2. 1. 2. Compares to another Char

2. 1. 3. UTF-16 Character

2. 2. String

2. 2. 1. String type

2. 2. 2. Create string from characters

2. 2. 3. Empty string vs null string

2. 2. 4. Access the character in a string

2. 2. 5. string search: contains, start with, end with

2. 2. 6. Substring index

2. 2. 7. Index of any characters.

2. 2. 8. Get the substring

2. 2. 9. Insert in the middle

2. 2. 10. Remove from a string

2. 2. 11. Padding string

2. 2. 12. Trim a string

2. 2. 13. Replacing substring

2. 2. 14. Change string case

2. 2. 15. Split string

2. 2. 16. Join string

2. 2. 17. Concatenate strings

2. 2. 18. String format

2. 2. 19. String comparison for equality

2. 2. 20. Determine the order

2. 3. StringBuilder

2. 3. 1. StringBuilder class

2. 3. 2. Append a line to StringBuilder

2. 3. 3. Formatted string

2. 3. 4. StringBuilder Indexer

2. 3. 5. Clear a StringBuilder

2. 3. 6. Reverse a string

2. 4. Encoding

2. 4. 1. Encoding

2. 4. 2. Get all supported encodings

2. 4. 3. Encoding and text file

2. 4. 4. byte array and string

2. 5. TimeSpan

2. 5. 1. TimeSpan type

2. 5. 2. TimeSpan operators

2. 6. DateTime DateTimeOffset

2. 6. 1. DateTime and DateTimeOffset

2. 6. 2. Properties of DateTime and DateTimeOffset

2. 6. 3. TimeSpan Adding

2. 6. 4. TimeSpan Subtracting

2. 6. 5. DateTime ToString format

2. 6. 6. Short/Long Date String

2. 6. 7. Short/Long Time String

2. 6. 8. DateTime Comparison

2. 6. 9. DateTime Kind

2. 6. 10. Dates and Times Parsing

2. 7. TimeZone TimeZoneInfo

2. 7. 1. Current TimeZone

2. 7. 2. Daylight saving

2. 7. 3. UTC offset with TimeZone

2. 7. 4. Local time

2. 7. 5. Time zone ID

2. 7. 6. All Time zones

2. 8. Number Parse Convert

2. 8. 1. ToString and Parse

2. 8. 2. Invariant culture and Parse

2. 8. 3. Summary of numeric conversions

2. 9. Format

2. 9. 1. Custom format and a format provider

2. 9. 2. DateTime format and invariant culture.

2. 9. 3. Composite formatting

2. 9. 4. NumberStyles and DateTimeStyles

2. 9. 5. Numeric Format Strings: G or g

2. 9. 6. Numeric Format Strings:F

2. 9. 7. Numeric Format Strings:N

2. 9. 8. Numeric Format Strings: D

2. 9. 9. Numeric Format Strings: E or e

2. 9. 10. Numeric Format Strings:C

2. 9. 11. Numeric Format Strings:P

2. 9. 12. Numeric Format Strings: X or x

2. 9. 13. Numeric Format Strings:R

2. 9. 14. Custom numeric format strings: # (digit)

2. 9. 15. Custom numeric format strings:0

2. 9. 16. Custom numeric format strings:,(Group separator)

2. 9. 17. Custom numeric format strings:,(Multiplier)

2. 9. 18. Custom numeric format strings: %(Percent)

2. 9. 19. Custom numeric format strings: E or e

2. 9. 20. Custom numeric format strings: \(quote)

2. 9. 21. Custom numeric format strings: literal string quote

2. 9. 22. Custom numeric format strings:;(Section)

2. 9. 23. Custom numeric format strings: literal string

2. 9. 24. Culture-sensitive date/time format strings

2. 9. 25. Culture-insensitive date/time format strings

2. 9. 26. Parse a string to DateTime

2. 9. 27. Enum Format Strings

2. 10. NumberFormatInfo

2. 10. 1. NumberFormatInfo

2. 10. 2. NumberFormatInfo and Culture

2. 11. NumberStyles

2. 11. 1. Using NumberStyles

2. 12. Convert

2. 12. 1. Convert class

2. 12. 2. Parsing numbers in base 2, 8, and 16

2. 12. 3. Dynamic conversions

2. 12. 4. Base64 Encode Binary Data

2. 13. BitConverter

2. 13. 1. BitConverter

2. 13. 2. Basic Value Types to Byte Arrays

2. 14. BigInteger

2. 14. 1. BigInteger

2. 14. 2. BigInteger casting

2. 14. 3. BigInteger calculation

2. 15. Complex

2. 15. 1. Complex

2. 15. 2. Complex number operators

2. 16. Random

2. 16. 1. Random

2. 16. 2. High-security random

2. 17. Enum

2. 17. 1. Integral to enum conversions

2. 17. 2. String conversions

2. 17. 3. Enumerating Enum Values

2. 18. Tuple

2. 18. 1. Tuples

2. 18. 2. Comparing Tuples with Equals method

2. 19. Guid

2. 19. 1. The Guid Struct

2. 20. Console

2. 20. 1. Change Console window properties

2. 20. 2. Console input and output redirect

2. 21. Dynamic Objects

2. 21. 1. Dynamic Objects

3. Collections

3. 1. Introduction

3. 1. 1. Collection framework introduction

3. 2. IEnumerable IEnumerator

3. 2. 1. IEnumerable and IEnumerator

3. 2. 2. Generic IEnumerable and IEnumerator

3. 2. 3. Using yield to implement an IEnumerator

3. 3. ICollection IList

3. 3. 1. ICollection and IList Interfaces

3. 3. 2. Generic IList and Non-generic IList

3. 3. 3. Copy a Collection to an Array

3. 4. Array

3. 4. 1. Array Class

3. 4. 2. Array Enumeration

3. 4. 3. Length and Rank

3. 4. 4. Array Search

3. 4. 5. Sort an array

3. 4. 6. Array Conversion

3. 5. List

3. 5. 1. List

3. 6. LinkedList

3. 6. 1. Generic LinkedList

3. 7. ArrayList

3. 7. 1. Sorting

3. 7. 2. ArrayList and Linq

3. 8. Queue

3. 8. 1. Generic Queue and Non-generic Queue

3. 9. Stack

3. 9. 1. Generic Stack and non-generic Stack

3. 10. BitArray

3. 10. 1. BitArray

3. 11. HashSet

3. 11. 1. HashSet

3. 11. 2. Intersect with another collection

3. 11. 3. Set operation: Except

3. 11. 4. Set operation: SymmetricExceptWith

3. 12. SortedSet

3. 12. 1. Loading the letters into a char-typed SortedSet

3. 12. 2. Sub set from SortedSet

3. 13. Dictionary

3. 13. 1. Generic IDictionary

3. 13. 2. Enumerate the dictionary

3. 14. SortedList

3. 14. 1. SortedList

3. 15. Collection CollectionBase

3. 15. 1. Generic Collection and CollectionBase

4. LINQ

4. 1. Introduction

4. 1. 1. Linq

4. 1. 2. Lambda and Linq

4. 1. 3. Query expression syntax

4. 1. 4. Chaining Query Operators

4. 1. 5. Lambda Expressions and Linq Operators

4. 2. Linq Syntax

4. 2. 1. Lambda expressions and Func signatures

4. 2. 2. Deferred Execution

4. 2. 3. Reevaluation and Deferred Execution

4. 2. 4. Captured Variables

4. 2. 5. Subqueries

4. 2. 6. Object Initializers

4. 2. 7. Anonymous Types

4. 2. 8. The let Keyword

4. 3. Linq Operators

4. 3. 1. Aggregate

4. 3. 2. Any

4. 3. 3. Average

4. 3. 4. Cast

4. 3. 5. Concat

4. 3. 6. Contains

4. 3. 7. Count

4. 3. 8. Distinct

4. 3. 9. ElementAt

4. 3. 10. Empty

4. 3. 11. Except

4. 3. 12. First

4. 3. 13. FirstOrDefault

4. 3. 14. GroupBy

4. 3. 15. Intersect

4. 3. 16. Last

4. 3. 17. LongCount

4. 3. 18. Max

4. 3. 19. Min

4. 3. 20. OfType

4. 3. 21. OrderBy

4. 3. 22. OrderByDescending

4. 3. 23. Range

4. 3. 24. Repeat

4. 3. 25. Select

4. 3. 26. SelectMany

4. 3. 27. Single

4. 3. 28. Skip

4. 3. 29. SkipWhile

4. 3. 30. Sum

4. 3. 31. Take

4. 3. 32. TakeWhile

4. 3. 33. ThenBy

4. 3. 34. ThenByDescending

4. 3. 35. Union

4. 3. 36. Where

4. 3. 37. Zip

4. 4. Enumerable

4. 4. 1. Sort

5. LINQ XML

5. 1. XElement

5. 1. 1. Create XElement with XML structure similar structure

5. 1. 2. Load and parse

5. 1. 3. Element and Attribute

5. 1. 4. Automatic Deep Cloning

5. 1. 5. Replace an Element

5. 2. XAttribute

5. 2. 1. XAttribute

5. 3. XText

5. 3. 1. XText

5. 4. XDocument

5. 4. 1. XDocument

5. 4. 2. XDocument Root

5. 4. 3. Serialize an XDocument

5. 5. XName XNamespace

5. 5. 1. XName

5. 5. 2. XNamespace

5. 5. 3. XElement and namespace

5. 6. Xml Query

5. 6. 1. FirstNode, LastNode, and Nodes

5. 6. 2. All elements

5. 6. 3. XElement and Linq

5. 6. 4. Retrieving elements

5. 6. 5. Query attribute value

6. XML

6. 1. XmlReader

6. 1. 1. XmlReader

6. 1. 2. XmlNodeType

6. 1. 3. Using XmlReader with XElement

6. 2. XmlWriter

6. 2. 1. XmlWriter

6. 2. 2. Writing Attributes

6. 2. 3. Namespaces and Prefixes

6. 2. 4. XmlWriter with XElement

6. 3. XmlDocument

6. 3. 1. XmlDocument

6. 3. 2. XmlDocument creation

6. 3. 3. Traversing an XmlDocument

6. 3. 4. InnerText and InnerXml

6. 4. XPath

6. 4. 1. XPath

6. 5. Xml Schema

6. 5. 1. XSD and Schema Validation

6. 6. XSLT

6. 6. 1. XSLT

7. Stream

7. 1. Stream

7. 1. 1. Streams

7. 1. 2. Stream in action

7. 2. FileStream

7. 2. 1. FileStream

7. 2. 2. Shortcut Methods from File Class

7. 3. StreamReader StreamWriter

7. 3. 1. StreamReader and StreamWriter

7. 3. 2. Static methods for text file

7. 3. 3. Read and Write various types

7. 3. 4. UTF-16 character File

7. 4. File FileInfo

7. 4. 1. File and FileInfo

7. 5. DirectoryInfo

7. 5. 1. DirectoryInfo

7. 6. Path

7. 6. 1. Path

7. 6. 2. Special Folders

7. 6. 3. Special Folder Enumerations

7. 7. DriveInfo

7. 7. 1. Querying Volume Information

7. 8. Filesystem Events

7. 8. 1. Catching Filesystem Events

7. 9. Memory Mapped Files

7. 9. 1. Memory-Mapped Files and Random File I/O

7. 10. Compression

7. 10. 1. Compression

7. 10. 2. Compressing in Memory

7. 11. Isolated Storage

7. 11. 1. Enumerating Isolated Storage

8. Net

8. 1. IPAddress

8. 1. 1. IPAddress

8. 2. Uri

8. 2. 1. Uri

8. 3. WebClient

8. 3. 1. WebProxy

8. 3. 2. Authentication

8. 3. 3. CredentialCache

8. 3. 4. WebClient and Thread

8. 3. 5. Catch WebException

8. 4. HTTP

8. 4. 1. HTTP-Specific Support

8. 4. 2. Query Strings

8. 4. 3. Uploading Form Data

8. 4. 4. Cookies

8. 4. 5. Forms Authentication

8. 4. 6. Writing an HTTP Server

8. 5. FTP

8. 5. 1. Using FTP

8. 5. 2. Ftp operations

8. 5. 3. Delete a file

8. 6. DNS

8. 6. 1. Using DNS

8. 6. 2. From IP address to domain name

8. 6. 3. IPAddress object to domain name

8. 7. Mail

8. 7. 1. Sending Mail with SmtpClient

8. 7. 2. Constructing a MailMessage

8. 8. Tcp

8. 8. 1. Your own server

9. Reflection

9. 1. Type

9. 1. 1. Reflecting and Activating Types

9. 1. 2. Obtaining a Type

9. 1. 3. Type from Assembly

9. 1. 4. Assembly qualified name

9. 1. 5. Type properties

9. 1. 6. Obtaining array types

9. 1. 7. Obtaining nested types

9. 1. 8. Type Names

9. 1. 9. Nested type names

9. 1. 10. Generic type names

9. 1. 11. Array and pointer type names

9. 1. 12. ref and out parameter type names

9. 1. 13. Base Types and Interfaces

9. 1. 14. Instantiating Types

9. 1. 15. Instantiate generic types

9. 1. 16. Generic Types

9. 2. Member

9. 2. 1. Reflecting and Invoking Members

9. 2. 2. Get members

9. 2. 3. MemberInfo

9. 2. 4. Generic Type Members

9. 2. 5. Dynamically Invoking a Member

9. 2. 6. Method Parameters

9. 3. Assembly

9. 3. 1. Reflecting Assemblies

9. 3. 2. Assembly Reflection

10. Thread

10. 1. Thread

10. 1. 1. Thread

10. 1. 2. Join a Thread

10. 1. 3. Sleep a thread

10. 1. 4. Passing Data to a Thread

10. 1. 5. Foreground and Background Threads

10. 2. Thread Priority

10. 2. 1. Thread Priority

11. Regular Expressions

11. 1. Introduction

11. 1. 1. Regular Expression Basics

11. 1. 2. Regex class

11. 1. 3. Match class

11. 1. 4. Compiled Regular Expressions

11. 1. 5. Using RegexOptions

11. 1. 6. Character Escapes

11. 2. Character Sets

11. 2. 1. Character Sets

11. 3. Quantifiers

11. 3. 1. Quantifiers

11. 3. 2. Greedy Versus Lazy Quantifiers

11. 3. 3. Zero-Width Assertions

11. 3. 4. Splitting a camel-cased word

11. 4. Anchors

11. 4. 1. Anchors

11. 4. 2. Word Boundaries

11. 4. 3. Lines of at least 80 characters

11. 4. 4. Word count

11. 5. Groups

11. 5. 1. Groups

11. 5. 2. Named Groups

11. 5. 3. U.S. Social Security number/phone number

11. 5. 4. Extracting "name = value" pairs (one per line)

11. 5. 5. Matching a Guid

11. 5. 6. Parsing an XML/HTML tag

11. 6. Regex

11. 6. 1. Replacing and Splitting Text

11. 6. 2. Splitting Text

11. 6. 3. Obtaining a legal filename

11. 6. 4. Escaping Unicode characters for HTML

11. 6. 5. Unescaping characters in an HTTP query string

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