JavaFX Tutorial - JavaFX TableView

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We can use TableView, TableColumn, and TableCell classes from JavaFX API to represent data in a tabular form.

The data in a table is filled by implementing the data model and by applying a cell factory.

The table classes can sort data in columns and to resize columns when necessary.

Creating a Table

The table control is created by instantiating the TableView class.

TableView table = new TableView();
table.setEditable(true);

Then it creates three columns by using the TableColumn class. The getColumns method of the TableView class adds the created columns to the table.

TableColumn firstNameCol = new TableColumn("First Name");
TableColumn lastNameCol = new TableColumn("Last Name");
TableColumn emailCol = new TableColumn("Email");
        
table.getColumns().addAll(firstNameCol, lastNameCol, emailCol);

We can hide the columns by calling the setVisible method.

aColumn.setVisible(false).

The following code creates a table.

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.TableColumn;
import javafx.scene.control.TableView;
import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
//from w  w  w . j  av  a2  s.c o m
public class Main extends Application {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    launch(args);
  }
  @Override
  public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
    TableView table = new TableView();
    table.setEditable(true);

    TableColumn firstNameCol = new TableColumn("First Name");
    TableColumn lastNameCol = new TableColumn("Last Name");
    TableColumn emailCol = new TableColumn("Email");
            
    table.getColumns().addAll(firstNameCol, lastNameCol, emailCol);
    emailCol.setVisible(false);

    StackPane root = new StackPane();
    root.getChildren().add(table);
    primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 200, 250));
    primaryStage.show();
  }
}

The code above generates the following result.

Nested Header

With JavaFX table view we can easily create nested column.

Suppose we want to add two sub columns to the address column.

TableColumn cityCol = new TableColumn("City");
TableColumn stateCol = new TableColumn("State");

Then we add the new created columns to the address column.

addressCol.getColumns().addAll(cityCol, stateCol);

Full source code

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.TableColumn;
import javafx.scene.control.TableView;
import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
//from  w  w w  .j a v  a 2  s .  c om
public class Main extends Application {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    launch(args);
  }
  @Override
  public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
    TableView table = new TableView();
    table.setEditable(true);

    TableColumn firstNameCol = new TableColumn("First Name");
    TableColumn lastNameCol = new TableColumn("Last Name");
    TableColumn addressCol = new TableColumn("Email");
            
    table.getColumns().addAll(firstNameCol, lastNameCol, addressCol);

    TableColumn cityCol = new TableColumn("City");
    TableColumn stateCol = new TableColumn("State");

    addressCol.getColumns().addAll(cityCol, stateCol);
    
    StackPane root = new StackPane();
    root.getChildren().add(table);
    primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 200, 250));
    primaryStage.show();
  }
}

The code above generates the following result.

Add New Rows

The following code shows you how to add data to a table view. A JavaFX JavaBean is created to hold value for a single row. Each row in the table represents one person with first and last name. The JavaFX JavaBean is called Person, which has two fields, first name and last name. The Person provides bindable properties for the two values.

In the UI logic it uses an ObservableList to hold the value for a table view. Each element in the ObservableList is a Person object.

In the button event handler it creates a new Person with hardcoded first name and last name, then adds to the ObservableList.

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.beans.property.SimpleStringProperty;
import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
import javafx.geometry.Insets;
import javafx.scene.Group;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.control.TableColumn;
import javafx.scene.control.TableView;
import javafx.scene.control.cell.PropertyValueFactory;
import javafx.scene.layout.HBox;
import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
 /*from   w  w  w.  ja va 2  s. c o  m*/
public class Main extends Application {
 
    private final TableView<Person> table = new TableView<>();
    private final ObservableList<Person> data =
            FXCollections.observableArrayList(new Person("A", "B"));
    final HBox hb = new HBox();
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }
 
    @Override
    public void start(Stage stage) {
        Scene scene = new Scene(new Group());
        stage.setWidth(450);
        stage.setHeight(550);
 
 
        TableColumn firstNameCol = new TableColumn("First Name");
        firstNameCol.setMinWidth(100);
        firstNameCol.setCellValueFactory(
                new PropertyValueFactory<>("firstName"));
 
        TableColumn lastNameCol = new TableColumn("Last Name");
        lastNameCol.setMinWidth(100);
        lastNameCol.setCellValueFactory(
                new PropertyValueFactory<>("lastName"));
 
        table.setItems(data);
        table.getColumns().addAll(firstNameCol, lastNameCol);
 
        final Button addButton = new Button("Add");
        addButton.setOnAction((ActionEvent e) -> {
            data.add(new Person("Z","X"));
         });
 
        hb.getChildren().addAll(addButton);
        hb.setSpacing(3);
 
        final VBox vbox = new VBox();
        vbox.setSpacing(5);
        vbox.setPadding(new Insets(10, 0, 0, 10));
        vbox.getChildren().addAll(table, hb);
 
        ((Group) scene.getRoot()).getChildren().addAll(vbox);
 
        stage.setScene(scene);
        stage.show();
    }
 
    public static class Person {
 
        private final SimpleStringProperty firstName;
        private final SimpleStringProperty lastName;
 
        private Person(String fName, String lName) {
            this.firstName = new SimpleStringProperty(fName);
            this.lastName = new SimpleStringProperty(lName);
        }
 
        public String getFirstName() {
            return firstName.get();
        }
 
        public void setFirstName(String fName) {
            firstName.set(fName);
        }
 
        public String getLastName() {
            return lastName.get();
        }
 
        public void setLastName(String fName) {
            lastName.set(fName);
        }
    }
} 

The code above generates the following result.

TableView Columns Sort

The TableView class has built-in sort function for columns.

We can sort the data by clicking column headers. The first click enables the ascending sorting order, the second click enables descending sorting order, and the third click disables sorting.

By default, no sorting is applied.

We can sort multiple columns and specify the priority of each column in the sort operation.

To sort multiple columns, press the Shift key while clicking the column headers.

We can set sorting preferences using the setSortType method and we can specify ascending or descending type.

The following code sets the descending type of sorting

aColumn.setSortType(TableColumn.SortType.DESCENDING);

We can specify which columns to sort by adding and removing TableColumn instances from the TableView.sortOrder observable list.

The order of columns in TableView.sortOrder observable list represents the sort priority. The item with zero index in the list has higher priority than the first item in the list.

To prohibit sorting on a column, call the setSortable(false) method on that column.

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.beans.property.SimpleStringProperty;
import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
import javafx.geometry.Insets;
import javafx.scene.Group;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.control.TableColumn;
import javafx.scene.control.TableView;
import javafx.scene.control.cell.PropertyValueFactory;
import javafx.scene.layout.HBox;
import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
 /*from ww  w. j a  v  a  2 s.  c o  m*/
public class Main extends Application {
 
    private final TableView<Person> table = new TableView<>();
    private final ObservableList<Person> data =
            FXCollections.observableArrayList(new Person("A", "B"),
                new Person("D", "E"));

 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }
 
    @Override
    public void start(Stage stage) {
        Scene scene = new Scene(new Group());
        stage.setWidth(450);
        stage.setHeight(550);
 
 
        TableColumn firstNameCol = new TableColumn("First Name");
        firstNameCol.setMinWidth(100);
        firstNameCol.setCellValueFactory(
                new PropertyValueFactory<>("firstName"));
 
        TableColumn lastNameCol = new TableColumn("Last Name");
        lastNameCol.setMinWidth(100);
        lastNameCol.setCellValueFactory(
                new PropertyValueFactory<>("lastName"));
 
        table.setItems(data);
        table.getColumns().addAll(firstNameCol, lastNameCol);
 
        firstNameCol.setSortType(TableColumn.SortType.DESCENDING);
        lastNameCol.setSortable(false);
 
        final VBox vbox = new VBox();
        vbox.setSpacing(5);
        vbox.setPadding(new Insets(10, 0, 0, 10));
        vbox.getChildren().addAll(table);
 
        ((Group) scene.getRoot()).getChildren().addAll(vbox);
 
        stage.setScene(scene);
        stage.show();
    }
 
    public static class Person {
 
        private final SimpleStringProperty firstName;
        private final SimpleStringProperty lastName;
 
        private Person(String fName, String lName) {
            this.firstName = new SimpleStringProperty(fName);
            this.lastName = new SimpleStringProperty(lName);
        }
 
        public String getFirstName() {
            return firstName.get();
        }
 
        public void setFirstName(String fName) {
            firstName.set(fName);
        }
 
        public String getLastName() {
            return lastName.get();
        }
 
        public void setLastName(String fName) {
            lastName.set(fName);
        }
    }
} 

The code above generates the following result.

Editing Data in the Table

We can edit data in the TableView. By calling the setEditable method we can enable editing of the table content.

The setCellFactory method installs a text field defined in TextFieldTableCell class for each the table cell.

The setOnEditCommit method updates table cell and the data binding takes cares of setting the data back to JavaFX JavaBean, which is used as the underline data model for the table view.

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.beans.property.SimpleStringProperty;
import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
import javafx.geometry.Insets;
import javafx.scene.Group;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.TableColumn;
import javafx.scene.control.TableColumn.CellEditEvent;
import javafx.scene.control.TableView;
import javafx.scene.control.cell.PropertyValueFactory;
import javafx.scene.control.cell.TextFieldTableCell;
import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
 /*  w w  w. j  a  va2s.co  m*/
public class Main extends Application {
 
    private final TableView<Person> table = new TableView<>();
    private final ObservableList<Person> data =
            FXCollections.observableArrayList(
            new Person("A", "B"),
            new Person("C", "D"));
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }
 
    @Override
    public void start(Stage stage) {
        Scene scene = new Scene(new Group());
        stage.setWidth(450);
        stage.setHeight(550);
 
        table.setEditable(true);
 
        TableColumn<Person, String> firstNameCol = 
            new TableColumn<>("First Name");
        firstNameCol.setMinWidth(100);
        firstNameCol.setCellValueFactory(
            new PropertyValueFactory<>("firstName"));
        
        firstNameCol.setCellFactory(TextFieldTableCell.<Person>forTableColumn());
        firstNameCol.setOnEditCommit(
            (CellEditEvent<Person, String> t) -> {
                ((Person) t.getTableView().getItems().get(
                        t.getTablePosition().getRow())
                        ).setFirstName(t.getNewValue());
        });
 
 
        TableColumn<Person, String> lastNameCol = 
            new TableColumn<>("Last Name");
        lastNameCol.setMinWidth(100);
        lastNameCol.setCellValueFactory(
            new PropertyValueFactory<>("lastName"));
       lastNameCol.setCellFactory(TextFieldTableCell.<Person>forTableColumn());
       lastNameCol.setOnEditCommit(
            (CellEditEvent<Person, String> t) -> {
                ((Person) t.getTableView().getItems().get(
                        t.getTablePosition().getRow())
                        ).setLastName(t.getNewValue());
        });
        table.setItems(data);
        table.getColumns().addAll(firstNameCol, lastNameCol);
 
        final VBox vbox = new VBox();
        vbox.setSpacing(5);
        vbox.setPadding(new Insets(10, 0, 0, 10));
        vbox.getChildren().addAll( table);
 
        ((Group) scene.getRoot()).getChildren().addAll(vbox);
 
        stage.setScene(scene);
        stage.show();
    }
 
    public static class Person {
        private final SimpleStringProperty firstName;
        private final SimpleStringProperty lastName;
 
        private Person(String fName, String lName) {
            this.firstName = new SimpleStringProperty(fName);
            this.lastName = new SimpleStringProperty(lName);
        }
 
        public String getFirstName() {
            return firstName.get();
        }
 
        public void setFirstName(String fName) {
            firstName.set(fName);
        }
 
        public String getLastName() {
            return lastName.get();
        }
 
        public void setLastName(String fName) {
            lastName.set(fName);
        }
    }
}

The code above generates the following result.

Table Edit Commit Event

When running the code above and double click to edit the cell, we have to press the Enter key to commit the edit. If we just double click and type in some value and click outside the cell, the commit event would not run and the old value will be filled back.

We can redefine commit event on the focus change.

/*//  w ww . ja v  a 2s .co  m
 * Copyright (c) 2008, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
 * All rights reserved. Use is subject to license terms.
 *
 * This file is available and licensed under the following license:
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 *  - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *  - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
 *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *  - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
 *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.beans.property.SimpleStringProperty;
import javafx.beans.value.ObservableValue;
import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
import javafx.geometry.Insets;
import javafx.scene.Group;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.TableCell;
import javafx.scene.control.TableColumn;
import javafx.scene.control.TableColumn.CellEditEvent;
import javafx.scene.control.TableView;
import javafx.scene.control.TextField;
import javafx.scene.control.cell.PropertyValueFactory;
import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.util.Callback;

public class Main extends Application {

  private final TableView<Person> table = new TableView<>();
  private final ObservableList<Person> data = FXCollections
      .observableArrayList(new Person("A", "B"), new Person("C", "D"));

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    launch(args);
  }

  @Override
  public void start(Stage stage) {
    Callback<TableColumn<Person, String>, TableCell<Person, String>> cellFactory = (
        TableColumn<Person, String> p) -> new EditingCell();

    Scene scene = new Scene(new Group());
    stage.setWidth(450);
    stage.setHeight(550);

    table.setEditable(true);

    TableColumn<Person, String> firstNameCol = new TableColumn<>("First Name");
    firstNameCol.setMinWidth(100);
    firstNameCol.setCellValueFactory(new PropertyValueFactory<>("firstName"));
    firstNameCol.setCellFactory(cellFactory);

    firstNameCol.setOnEditCommit((CellEditEvent<Person, String> t) -> {
      ((Person) t.getTableView().getItems().get(t.getTablePosition().getRow()))
          .setFirstName(t.getNewValue());
    });

    TableColumn<Person, String> lastNameCol = new TableColumn<>("Last Name");
    lastNameCol.setMinWidth(100);
    lastNameCol.setCellValueFactory(new PropertyValueFactory<>("lastName"));

    table.setItems(data);
    table.getColumns().addAll(firstNameCol, lastNameCol);

    final VBox vbox = new VBox();
    vbox.setSpacing(5);
    vbox.setPadding(new Insets(10, 0, 0, 10));
    vbox.getChildren().addAll(table);

    ((Group) scene.getRoot()).getChildren().addAll(vbox);

    stage.setScene(scene);
    stage.show();
  }

  class EditingCell extends TableCell<Person, String> {

    private TextField textField;

    public EditingCell() {
    }

    @Override
    public void startEdit() {
      if (!isEmpty()) {
        super.startEdit();
        createTextField();
        setText(null);
        setGraphic(textField);
        textField.selectAll();
      }
    }

    @Override
    public void cancelEdit() {
      super.cancelEdit();

      setText((String) getItem());
      setGraphic(null);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateItem(String item, boolean empty) {
      super.updateItem(item, empty);

      if (empty) {
        setText(null);
        setGraphic(null);
      } else {
        if (isEditing()) {
          if (textField != null) {
            textField.setText(getString());
          }
          setText(null);
          setGraphic(textField);
        } else {
          setText(getString());
          setGraphic(null);
        }
      }
    }

    private void createTextField() {
      textField = new TextField(getString());
      textField.setMinWidth(this.getWidth() - this.getGraphicTextGap() * 2);
      textField.focusedProperty()
          .addListener(
              (ObservableValue<? extends Boolean> arg0, Boolean arg1,
                  Boolean arg2) -> {
                if (!arg2) {
                  commitEdit(textField.getText());
                }
              });
    }

    private String getString() {
      return getItem() == null ? "" : getItem().toString();
    }
  }

  public static class Person {
    private final SimpleStringProperty firstName;
    private final SimpleStringProperty lastName;

    private Person(String fName, String lName) {
      this.firstName = new SimpleStringProperty(fName);
      this.lastName = new SimpleStringProperty(lName);
    }

    public String getFirstName() {
      return firstName.get();
    }

    public void setFirstName(String fName) {
      firstName.set(fName);
    }

    public String getLastName() {
      return lastName.get();
    }

    public void setLastName(String fName) {
      lastName.set(fName);
    }
  }
}

The code above generates the following result.

Adding Maps of Data to the Table

We can add the Map data to the table with the MapValueFactory class.

/*//www  .  j  ava2  s.  c  o m
 * Copyright (c) 2008, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
 * All rights reserved. Use is subject to license terms.
 *
 * This file is available and licensed under the following license:
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 *  - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *  - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
 *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *  - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
 *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
import javafx.geometry.Insets;
import javafx.scene.Group;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;
import javafx.scene.control.TableCell;
import javafx.scene.control.TableColumn;
import javafx.scene.control.TableView;
import javafx.scene.control.cell.MapValueFactory;
import javafx.scene.control.cell.TextFieldTableCell;
import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
import javafx.scene.text.Font;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.util.Callback;
import javafx.util.StringConverter;
 
public class Main extends Application {
 
    public static final String Column1MapKey = "A";
    public static final String Column2MapKey = "B";
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }
 
    @Override
    public void start(Stage stage) {
        Scene scene = new Scene(new Group());
        stage.setTitle("Table View Sample");
        stage.setWidth(300);
        stage.setHeight(500);
        
        final Label label = new Label("Student IDs");
        label.setFont(new Font("Arial", 20));
 
        TableColumn<Map, String> firstDataColumn = new TableColumn<>("Class A");
        TableColumn<Map, String> secondDataColumn = new TableColumn<>("Class B");
 
        firstDataColumn.setCellValueFactory(new MapValueFactory(Column1MapKey));
        firstDataColumn.setMinWidth(130);
        secondDataColumn.setCellValueFactory(new MapValueFactory(Column2MapKey));
        secondDataColumn.setMinWidth(130);
 
        TableView tableView = new TableView<>(generateDataInMap());
 
        tableView.setEditable(true);
        tableView.getSelectionModel().setCellSelectionEnabled(true);
        tableView.getColumns().setAll(firstDataColumn, secondDataColumn);
        Callback<TableColumn<Map, String>, TableCell<Map, String>>
            cellFactoryForMap = (TableColumn<Map, String> p) -> 
                new TextFieldTableCell(new StringConverter() {
                    @Override
                        public String toString(Object t) {
                        return t.toString();
                    }
                    @Override
                    public Object fromString(String string) {
                        return string;
                    }
            });
        firstDataColumn.setCellFactory(cellFactoryForMap);
        secondDataColumn.setCellFactory(cellFactoryForMap);
 
        final VBox vbox = new VBox();
 
        vbox.setSpacing(5);
        vbox.setPadding(new Insets(10, 0, 0, 10));
        vbox.getChildren().addAll(label, tableView);
 
        ((Group) scene.getRoot()).getChildren().addAll(vbox);
 
        stage.setScene(scene);
 
        stage.show();
    }
 
    private ObservableList<Map> generateDataInMap() {
        int max = 10;
        ObservableList<Map> allData = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
        for (int i = 1; i < max; i++) {
            Map<String, String> dataRow = new HashMap<>();
 
            String value1 = "A" + i;
            String value2 = "B" + i;
 
            dataRow.put(Column1MapKey, value1);
            dataRow.put(Column2MapKey, value2);
 
            allData.add(dataRow);
        }
        return allData;
    }
}

The code above generates the following result.

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