Java tutorial
/********************************************************** Copyright (C) 2001 Daniel Selman First distributed with the book "Java 3D Programming" by Daniel Selman and published by Manning Publications. http://manning.com/selman This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, version 2. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. The license can be found on the WWW at: http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html Or by writing to: Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. Authors can be contacted at: Daniel Selman: daniel@selman.org If you make changes you think others would like, please contact one of the authors or someone at the www.j3d.org web site. **************************************************************/ import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Dimension; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.GraphicsConfigTemplate; import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration; import java.awt.GraphicsDevice; import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.File; import java.net.URL; import javax.media.j3d.Alpha; import javax.media.j3d.AudioDevice; import javax.media.j3d.Background; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.Bounds; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DepthComponent; import javax.media.j3d.DepthComponentInt; import javax.media.j3d.GraphicsConfigTemplate3D; import javax.media.j3d.Group; import javax.media.j3d.ImageComponent; import javax.media.j3d.ImageComponent2D; import javax.media.j3d.Locale; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalBody; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalEnvironment; import javax.media.j3d.Raster; import javax.media.j3d.RotationInterpolator; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.View; import javax.media.j3d.ViewPlatform; import javax.media.j3d.VirtualUniverse; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Point3f; import javax.vecmath.Vector3d; //import RasterTest.RasterCanvas3D; import com.sun.j3d.audioengines.javasound.JavaSoundMixer; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.ColorCube; /** * This example illustrates how to: <br> * 1. Draw an image into the 3D view as a Raster object. <br> * 2. Read the depth components of the 3D scene <br> * 3. Dynamically update a Raster object inside the postSwap method <br> * 4. Render a view of the depth components as a dynamic raster <br> */ public class RasterTest extends Java3dApplet implements ActionListener { // size of the window, and hence size of the depth component array private static int m_kWidth = 400; private static int m_kHeight = 400; // the Raster used to store depth components private Raster m_DepthRaster = null; // the Raster used to render an image into the 3D view private Raster m_RenderRaster = null; // an array of integer values for the depth components private int[] m_DepthData = null; public RasterTest() { // create the image to be rendered using a Raster BufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(128, 128, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); ImageComponent2D imageComponent2D = new ImageComponent2D(ImageComponent2D.FORMAT_RGB, bufferedImage); imageComponent2D.setCapability(ImageComponent.ALLOW_IMAGE_READ); imageComponent2D.setCapability(ImageComponent.ALLOW_SIZE_READ); // create the depth component to store the 3D depth values DepthComponentInt depthComponent = new DepthComponentInt(m_kWidth, m_kHeight); depthComponent.setCapability(DepthComponent.ALLOW_DATA_READ); // create the Raster for the image m_RenderRaster = new Raster(new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), Raster.RASTER_COLOR, 0, 0, bufferedImage.getWidth(), bufferedImage.getHeight(), imageComponent2D, null); m_RenderRaster.setCapability(Raster.ALLOW_IMAGE_WRITE); m_RenderRaster.setCapability(Raster.ALLOW_SIZE_READ); // create the Raster for the depth components m_DepthRaster = new Raster(new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), Raster.RASTER_DEPTH, 0, 0, m_kWidth, m_kHeight, null, depthComponent); initJava3d(); } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) { } protected Canvas3D createCanvas3D() { // create a custom Canvas3D with postSwap overidden GraphicsConfigTemplate3D gc3D = new GraphicsConfigTemplate3D(); gc3D.setSceneAntialiasing(GraphicsConfigTemplate.PREFERRED); GraphicsDevice gd[] = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment().getScreenDevices(); RasterCanvas3D c3d = new RasterCanvas3D(this, gd[0].getBestConfiguration(gc3D)); c3d.setSize(getCanvas3dWidth(c3d), getCanvas3dHeight(c3d)); return c3d; } protected BranchGroup createSceneBranchGroup() { // create some simple geometry (a rotating ColorCube) // and a Shape3D object for the Raster containing the Image BranchGroup objRoot = super.createSceneBranchGroup(); TransformGroup objTrans = new TransformGroup(); objTrans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE); Transform3D yAxis = new Transform3D(); yAxis.rotX(0.6); Alpha rotationAlpha = new Alpha(-1, Alpha.INCREASING_ENABLE, 0, 0, 4000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0); RotationInterpolator rotator = new RotationInterpolator(rotationAlpha, objTrans, yAxis, 0.0f, (float) Math.PI * 2.0f); BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), 100.0); rotator.setSchedulingBounds(bounds); objTrans.addChild(rotator); // wrap the Raster in a Shape3D Shape3D shape = new Shape3D(m_RenderRaster); objRoot.addChild(shape); objTrans.addChild(new ColorCube(1.0)); objRoot.addChild(objTrans); return objRoot; } protected int getCanvas3dWidth(Canvas3D c3d) { return m_kWidth; } protected int getCanvas3dHeight(Canvas3D c3d) { return m_kHeight; } public Raster getDepthRaster() { return m_DepthRaster; } public void updateRenderRaster() { // takes the Depth Raster and updates the Render Raster // containing the image based on the depth values stored in // the Depth Raster. // create a temporary BufferedImage for the depth components BufferedImage tempBufferedImage = new BufferedImage(m_DepthRaster.getDepthComponent().getWidth(), m_DepthRaster.getDepthComponent().getHeight(), BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); // allocate an array of ints to store the depth components from the // Depth Raster if (m_DepthData == null) m_DepthData = new int[m_DepthRaster.getDepthComponent().getWidth() * m_DepthRaster.getDepthComponent().getHeight()]; // copy the depth values from the Raster into the int array ((DepthComponentInt) m_DepthRaster.getDepthComponent()).getDepthData(m_DepthData); // assign the depth values to the temporary image, the integer depths // will be // interpreted as integer rgb values. tempBufferedImage.setRGB(0, 0, m_DepthRaster.getDepthComponent().getWidth(), m_DepthRaster.getDepthComponent().getHeight(), m_DepthData, 0, m_DepthRaster.getDepthComponent().getWidth()); // get a graphics device for the image Graphics g = tempBufferedImage.getGraphics(); Dimension size = new Dimension(); m_RenderRaster.getSize(size); // because the Depth Raster is a different size to the Render Raster, // i.e. the Depth Raster is canvas width by canvas height and the Render // Raster // is of aritrary size, we rescale the image here. g.drawImage(tempBufferedImage, 0, 0, (int) size.getWidth(), (int) size.getHeight(), null); // finally, assign the scaled image to the RenderRaster m_RenderRaster.setImage(new ImageComponent2D(BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB, tempBufferedImage)); } public static void main(String[] args) { RasterTest rasterTest = new RasterTest(); rasterTest.saveCommandLineArguments(args); new MainFrame(rasterTest, m_kWidth, m_kHeight); } // Canvas3D overide to read the depth components of the 3D view // into a Raster object and notify the Applet public class RasterCanvas3D extends Canvas3D { RasterTest m_RasterTest = null; public RasterCanvas3D(RasterTest rasterTest, GraphicsConfiguration graphicsConfiguration) { super(graphicsConfiguration); m_RasterTest = rasterTest; } public void postSwap() { super.postSwap(); getGraphicsContext3D().readRaster(m_RasterTest.getDepthRaster()); // notify the applet to update the render object // used to display the depth values m_RasterTest.updateRenderRaster(); } } } /******************************************************************************* * Copyright (C) 2001 Daniel Selman * * First distributed with the book "Java 3D Programming" by Daniel Selman and * published by Manning Publications. http://manning.com/selman * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under * the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software * Foundation, version 2. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more * details. * * The license can be found on the WWW at: http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html * * Or by writing to: Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite * 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. * * Authors can be contacted at: Daniel Selman: daniel@selman.org * * If you make changes you think others would like, please contact one of the * authors or someone at the www.j3d.org web site. ******************************************************************************/ //***************************************************************************** /** * Java3dApplet * * Base class for defining a Java 3D applet. Contains some useful methods for * defining views and scenegraphs etc. * * @author Daniel Selman * @version 1.0 */ //***************************************************************************** abstract class Java3dApplet extends Applet { public static int m_kWidth = 300; public static int m_kHeight = 300; protected String[] m_szCommandLineArray = null; protected VirtualUniverse m_Universe = null; protected BranchGroup m_SceneBranchGroup = null; protected Bounds m_ApplicationBounds = null; // protected com.tornadolabs.j3dtree.Java3dTree m_Java3dTree = null; public Java3dApplet() { } public boolean isApplet() { try { System.getProperty("user.dir"); System.out.println("Running as Application."); return false; } catch (Exception e) { } System.out.println("Running as Applet."); return true; } public URL getWorkingDirectory() throws java.net.MalformedURLException { URL url = null; try { File file = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir")); System.out.println("Running as Application:"); System.out.println(" " + file.toURL()); return file.toURL(); } catch (Exception e) { } System.out.println("Running as Applet:"); System.out.println(" " + getCodeBase()); return getCodeBase(); } public VirtualUniverse getVirtualUniverse() { return m_Universe; } //public com.tornadolabs.j3dtree.Java3dTree getJ3dTree() { //return m_Java3dTree; // } public Locale getFirstLocale() { java.util.Enumeration e = m_Universe.getAllLocales(); if (e.hasMoreElements() != false) return (Locale) e.nextElement(); return null; } protected Bounds getApplicationBounds() { if (m_ApplicationBounds == null) m_ApplicationBounds = createApplicationBounds(); return m_ApplicationBounds; } protected Bounds createApplicationBounds() { m_ApplicationBounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), 100.0); return m_ApplicationBounds; } protected Background createBackground() { Background back = new Background(new Color3f(0.9f, 0.9f, 0.9f)); back.setApplicationBounds(createApplicationBounds()); return back; } public void initJava3d() { // m_Java3dTree = new com.tornadolabs.j3dtree.Java3dTree(); m_Universe = createVirtualUniverse(); Locale locale = createLocale(m_Universe); BranchGroup sceneBranchGroup = createSceneBranchGroup(); ViewPlatform vp = createViewPlatform(); BranchGroup viewBranchGroup = createViewBranchGroup(getViewTransformGroupArray(), vp); createView(vp); Background background = createBackground(); if (background != null) sceneBranchGroup.addChild(background); // m_Java3dTree.recursiveApplyCapability(sceneBranchGroup); // m_Java3dTree.recursiveApplyCapability(viewBranchGroup); locale.addBranchGraph(sceneBranchGroup); addViewBranchGroup(locale, viewBranchGroup); onDoneInit(); } protected void onDoneInit() { // m_Java3dTree.updateNodes(m_Universe); } protected double getScale() { return 1.0; } public TransformGroup[] getViewTransformGroupArray() { TransformGroup[] tgArray = new TransformGroup[1]; tgArray[0] = new TransformGroup(); // move the camera BACK a little... // note that we have to invert the matrix as // we are moving the viewer Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D(); t3d.setScale(getScale()); t3d.setTranslation(new Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, -20.0)); t3d.invert(); tgArray[0].setTransform(t3d); return tgArray; } protected void addViewBranchGroup(Locale locale, BranchGroup bg) { locale.addBranchGraph(bg); } protected Locale createLocale(VirtualUniverse u) { return new Locale(u); } protected BranchGroup createSceneBranchGroup() { m_SceneBranchGroup = new BranchGroup(); return m_SceneBranchGroup; } protected View createView(ViewPlatform vp) { View view = new View(); PhysicalBody pb = createPhysicalBody(); PhysicalEnvironment pe = createPhysicalEnvironment(); AudioDevice audioDevice = createAudioDevice(pe); if (audioDevice != null) { pe.setAudioDevice(audioDevice); audioDevice.initialize(); } view.setPhysicalEnvironment(pe); view.setPhysicalBody(pb); if (vp != null) view.attachViewPlatform(vp); view.setBackClipDistance(getBackClipDistance()); view.setFrontClipDistance(getFrontClipDistance()); Canvas3D c3d = createCanvas3D(); view.addCanvas3D(c3d); addCanvas3D(c3d); return view; } protected PhysicalBody createPhysicalBody() { return new PhysicalBody(); } protected AudioDevice createAudioDevice(PhysicalEnvironment pe) { JavaSoundMixer javaSoundMixer = new JavaSoundMixer(pe); if (javaSoundMixer == null) System.out.println("create of audiodevice failed"); return javaSoundMixer; } protected PhysicalEnvironment createPhysicalEnvironment() { return new PhysicalEnvironment(); } protected float getViewPlatformActivationRadius() { return 100; } protected ViewPlatform createViewPlatform() { ViewPlatform vp = new ViewPlatform(); vp.setViewAttachPolicy(View.RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW); vp.setActivationRadius(getViewPlatformActivationRadius()); return vp; } protected Canvas3D createCanvas3D() { GraphicsConfigTemplate3D gc3D = new GraphicsConfigTemplate3D(); gc3D.setSceneAntialiasing(GraphicsConfigTemplate.PREFERRED); GraphicsDevice gd[] = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment().getScreenDevices(); Canvas3D c3d = new Canvas3D(gd[0].getBestConfiguration(gc3D)); c3d.setSize(getCanvas3dWidth(c3d), getCanvas3dHeight(c3d)); return c3d; } protected int getCanvas3dWidth(Canvas3D c3d) { return m_kWidth; } protected int getCanvas3dHeight(Canvas3D c3d) { return m_kHeight; } protected double getBackClipDistance() { return 100.0; } protected double getFrontClipDistance() { return 1.0; } protected BranchGroup createViewBranchGroup(TransformGroup[] tgArray, ViewPlatform vp) { BranchGroup vpBranchGroup = new BranchGroup(); if (tgArray != null && tgArray.length > 0) { Group parentGroup = vpBranchGroup; TransformGroup curTg = null; for (int n = 0; n < tgArray.length; n++) { curTg = tgArray[n]; parentGroup.addChild(curTg); parentGroup = curTg; } tgArray[tgArray.length - 1].addChild(vp); } else vpBranchGroup.addChild(vp); return vpBranchGroup; } protected void addCanvas3D(Canvas3D c3d) { setLayout(new BorderLayout()); add(c3d, BorderLayout.CENTER); doLayout(); } protected VirtualUniverse createVirtualUniverse() { return new VirtualUniverse(); } protected void saveCommandLineArguments(String[] szArgs) { m_szCommandLineArray = szArgs; } protected String[] getCommandLineArguments() { return m_szCommandLineArray; } }