Java tutorial
/* * Copyright (C) 2012 The Android Open Source Project * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package com.test.displaybitmaps.imagemanager; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileDescriptor; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.lang.ref.SoftReference; import java.security.MessageDigest; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.Set; import android.annotation.TargetApi; import android.content.Context; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.graphics.Bitmap.Config; import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; import android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable; import android.os.Build; import android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES; import android.os.StatFs; import android.support.v4.util.LruCache; import android.util.Log; /** * This class handles disk and memory caching of bitmaps in conjunction with the * {@link ImageWorker} class and its subclasses. Use * {@link ImageCache#getInstance(android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager, ImageCacheParams)} * to get an instance of this class, although usually a cache should be added * directly to an {@link ImageWorker} by calling * {@link ImageWorker#addImageCache(android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager, ImageCacheParams)} * . */ public class ImageCache { private static final String TAG = "ImageCache"; private static final int DISK_CACHE_INDEX = 0; private static ImageCache instance = null; private DiskLruCache mDiskLruCache; private LruCache<String, BitmapDrawable> mMemoryCache; private ImageCacheParams mCacheParams; private final Object mDiskCacheLock = new Object(); private boolean mDiskCacheStarting = true; private Set<SoftReference<Bitmap>> mReusableBitmaps; /** * Return an {@link ImageCache} instance. A {@link RetainFragment} is used * to retain the ImageCache object across configuration changes such as a * change in device orientation. * * @return An existing retained ImageCache object or a new one if one did * not exist */ public static ImageCache getInstance() { // No existing ImageCache, create one and store it if (instance == null) { instance = new ImageCache(); } return instance; } /** * Set up the image-cache params, providing all parameters. * * @param cacheParams * The cache parameters to initialize the cache */ public void setupImageCacheParams(ImageCacheParams cacheParams) { mCacheParams = cacheParams; // BEGIN_INCLUDE(init_memory_cache) // Set up memory cache if (mCacheParams.memoryCacheEnabled) { Log.d(TAG, "Memory cache created (size = " + mCacheParams.memCacheSize + ")"); // If we're running on Honeycomb or newer, create a set of reusable // bitmaps that can be // populated into the inBitmap field of BitmapFactory.Options. Note // that the set is // of SoftReferences which will actually not be very effective due // to the garbage // collector being aggressive clearing Soft/WeakReferences. A better // approach // would be to use a strongly references bitmaps, however this would // require some // balancing of memory usage between this set and the bitmap // LruCache. It would also // require knowledge of the expected size of the bitmaps. From // Honeycomb to JellyBean // the size would need to be precise, from KitKat onward the size // would just need to // be the upper bound (due to changes in how inBitmap can re-use // bitmaps). if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB) { mReusableBitmaps = Collections.synchronizedSet(new HashSet<SoftReference<Bitmap>>()); } mMemoryCache = new LruCache<String, BitmapDrawable>(mCacheParams.memCacheSize) { /** * Notify the removed entry that is no longer being cached */ @Override protected void entryRemoved(boolean evicted, String key, BitmapDrawable oldValue, BitmapDrawable newValue) { if (RecyclingBitmapDrawable.class.isInstance(oldValue)) { // The removed entry is a recycling drawable, so notify // it // that it has been removed from the memory cache ((RecyclingBitmapDrawable) oldValue).setIsCached(false); } else { // The removed entry is a standard BitmapDrawable if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB) { // We're running on Honeycomb or later, so add the // bitmap // to a SoftReference set for possible use with // inBitmap later mReusableBitmaps.add(new SoftReference<Bitmap>(oldValue.getBitmap())); } } } /** * Measure item size in kilobytes rather than units which is * more practical for a bitmap cache */ @Override protected int sizeOf(String key, BitmapDrawable value) { final int bitmapSize = getBitmapSize(value) / 1024; return bitmapSize == 0 ? 1 : bitmapSize; } }; } // END_INCLUDE(init_memory_cache) // By default the disk cache is not initialized here as it should be // initialized // on a separate thread due to disk access. if (cacheParams.initDiskCacheOnCreate) { // Set up disk cache initDiskCache(); } } /** * Initializes the disk cache. Note that this includes disk access so this * should not be executed on the main/UI thread. By default an ImageCache * does not initialize the disk cache when it is created, instead you should * call initDiskCache() to initialize it on a background thread. */ public void initDiskCache() { // Set up disk cache synchronized (mDiskCacheLock) { if (mDiskLruCache == null || mDiskLruCache.isClosed()) { File diskCacheDir = mCacheParams.diskCacheDir; if (mCacheParams.diskCacheEnabled && diskCacheDir != null) { if (!diskCacheDir.exists()) { diskCacheDir.mkdirs(); } if (getUsableSpace(diskCacheDir) > mCacheParams.diskCacheSize) { try { mDiskLruCache = DiskLruCache.open(diskCacheDir, 1, 1, mCacheParams.diskCacheSize); Log.d(TAG, "Disk cache initialized"); } catch (final IOException e) { mCacheParams.diskCacheDir = null; Log.e(TAG, "initDiskCache - " + e); } } } } mDiskCacheStarting = false; mDiskCacheLock.notifyAll(); } } /** * Adds a bitmap to both memory and disk cache. * * @param data * Unique identifier for the bitmap to store * @param imageSize * @param value * The bitmap drawable to store */ public void addBitmapToCache(String data, ImageSize imageSize, BitmapDrawable value) { // BEGIN_INCLUDE(add_bitmap_to_cache) if (data == null || value == null) { return; } // concat data + imageSize data += imageSize.getSize(); // Add to memory cache if (mMemoryCache != null) { if (RecyclingBitmapDrawable.class.isInstance(value)) { // The removed entry is a recycling drawable, so notify it // that it has been added into the memory cache ((RecyclingBitmapDrawable) value).setIsCached(true); } mMemoryCache.put(data, value); } synchronized (mDiskCacheLock) { // Add to disk cache if (mDiskLruCache != null) { final String key = hashKeyForDisk(data); OutputStream out = null; try { DiskLruCache.Snapshot snapshot = mDiskLruCache.get(key); if (snapshot == null) { final DiskLruCache.Editor editor = mDiskLruCache.edit(key); if (editor != null) { out = editor.newOutputStream(DISK_CACHE_INDEX); value.getBitmap().compress(mCacheParams.compressFormat, mCacheParams.compressQuality, out); editor.commit(); out.close(); } } else { snapshot.getInputStream(DISK_CACHE_INDEX).close(); } } catch (final IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "addBitmapToCache - " + e); } catch (Exception e) { Log.e(TAG, "addBitmapToCache - " + e); } finally { try { if (out != null) { out.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { } } } } // END_INCLUDE(add_bitmap_to_cache) } /** * Get from memory cache. * * @param data * Unique identifier for which item to get * @param imageSize * @return The bitmap drawable if found in cache, null otherwise */ public BitmapDrawable getBitmapFromMemCache(String data, ImageSize imageSize) { // BEGIN_INCLUDE(get_bitmap_from_mem_cache) BitmapDrawable memValue = null; // concat data + imageSize data += imageSize.getSize(); if (mMemoryCache != null) { memValue = mMemoryCache.get(data); } if (memValue != null) { Log.d(TAG, "Memory cache hit"); } return memValue; // END_INCLUDE(get_bitmap_from_mem_cache) } /** * Get from disk cache. * * @param data * Unique identifier for which item to get * @param imageSize * @return The bitmap if found in cache, null otherwise */ public Bitmap getBitmapFromDiskCache(String data, ImageSize imageSize) { // BEGIN_INCLUDE(get_bitmap_from_disk_cache) // concat data + imageSize data += imageSize.getSize(); final String key = hashKeyForDisk(data); Bitmap bitmap = null; synchronized (mDiskCacheLock) { while (mDiskCacheStarting) { try { mDiskCacheLock.wait(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { } } if (mDiskLruCache != null) { InputStream inputStream = null; try { final DiskLruCache.Snapshot snapshot = mDiskLruCache.get(key); if (snapshot != null) { Log.d(TAG, "Disk cache hit"); inputStream = snapshot.getInputStream(DISK_CACHE_INDEX); if (inputStream != null) { FileDescriptor fd = ((FileInputStream) inputStream).getFD(); // Decode bitmap, but we don't want to sample so // give // MAX_VALUE as the target dimensions bitmap = ImageResizer.decodeSampledBitmapFromDescriptor(fd, Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE, this); } } } catch (final IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "getBitmapFromDiskCache - " + e); } finally { try { if (inputStream != null) { inputStream.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { } } } return bitmap; } // END_INCLUDE(get_bitmap_from_disk_cache) } /** * @param options * - BitmapFactory.Options with out* options populated * @return Bitmap that case be used for inBitmap */ protected Bitmap getBitmapFromReusableSet(BitmapFactory.Options options) { // BEGIN_INCLUDE(get_bitmap_from_reusable_set) Bitmap bitmap = null; if (mReusableBitmaps != null && !mReusableBitmaps.isEmpty()) { synchronized (mReusableBitmaps) { final Iterator<SoftReference<Bitmap>> iterator = mReusableBitmaps.iterator(); Bitmap item; while (iterator.hasNext()) { item = iterator.next().get(); if (null != item && item.isMutable()) { // Check to see it the item can be used for inBitmap if (canUseForInBitmap(item, options)) { bitmap = item; // Remove from reusable set so it can't be used // again iterator.remove(); break; } } else { // Remove from the set if the reference has been // cleared. iterator.remove(); } } } } return bitmap; // END_INCLUDE(get_bitmap_from_reusable_set) } /** * Clears both the memory and disk cache associated with this ImageCache * object. Note that this includes disk access so this should not be * executed on the main/UI thread. */ public void clearCache() { clearMemoryCache(); clearDiskCache(); } /** * Clears MemoryCache */ public void clearMemoryCache() { if (mMemoryCache != null) { mMemoryCache.evictAll(); Log.d(TAG, "Memory cache cleared"); } } /** * Clears DiskCache */ public void clearDiskCache() { synchronized (mDiskCacheLock) { mDiskCacheStarting = true; if (mDiskLruCache != null && !mDiskLruCache.isClosed()) { try { mDiskLruCache.delete(); Log.d(TAG, "Disk cache cleared"); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "clearCache - " + e); } mDiskLruCache = null; initDiskCache(); } } } /** * Flushes the disk cache associated with this ImageCache object. Note that * this includes disk access so this should not be executed on the main/UI * thread. */ public void flush() { synchronized (mDiskCacheLock) { if (mDiskLruCache != null) { try { mDiskLruCache.flush(); Log.d(TAG, "Disk cache flushed"); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "flush - " + e); } } } } /** * Closes the disk cache associated with this ImageCache object. Note that * this includes disk access so this should not be executed on the main/UI * thread. */ public void close() { synchronized (mDiskCacheLock) { if (mDiskLruCache != null) { try { if (!mDiskLruCache.isClosed()) { mDiskLruCache.close(); mDiskLruCache = null; Log.d(TAG, "Disk cache closed"); } } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "close - " + e); } } } } /** * @param candidate * - Bitmap to check * @param targetOptions * - Options that have the out* value populated * @return true if <code>candidate</code> can be used for inBitmap re-use * with <code>targetOptions</code> */ @TargetApi(VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) private static boolean canUseForInBitmap(Bitmap candidate, BitmapFactory.Options targetOptions) { // BEGIN_INCLUDE(can_use_for_inbitmap) if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) { // On earlier versions, the dimensions must match exactly and the // inSampleSize must be 1 return candidate.getWidth() == targetOptions.outWidth && candidate.getHeight() == targetOptions.outHeight && targetOptions.inSampleSize == 1; } // From Android 4.4 (KitKat) onward we can re-use if the byte size of // the new bitmap // is smaller than the reusable bitmap candidate allocation byte count. int width = targetOptions.outWidth / targetOptions.inSampleSize; int height = targetOptions.outHeight / targetOptions.inSampleSize; int byteCount = width * height * getBytesPerPixel(candidate.getConfig()); return byteCount <= candidate.getAllocationByteCount(); // END_INCLUDE(can_use_for_inbitmap) } /** * Return the byte usage per pixel of a bitmap based on its configuration. * * @param config * The bitmap configuration. * @return The byte usage per pixel. */ private static int getBytesPerPixel(Config config) { if (config == Config.ARGB_8888) { return 4; } else if (config == Config.RGB_565) { return 2; } else if (config == Config.ARGB_4444) { return 2; } else if (config == Config.ALPHA_8) { return 1; } return 1; } /** * Get a usable cache directory (internal). * * @param context * The context to use * @param uniqueName * A unique directory name to append to the cache dir * @return The cache dir */ public static File getDiskCacheDir(Context context, String uniqueName) { // use internal cache dir final String cachePath = context.getCacheDir().getPath(); return new File(cachePath + File.separator + uniqueName); } /** * A hashing method that changes a string (like a URL) into a hash suitable * for using as a disk filename. */ public static String hashKeyForDisk(String key) { String cacheKey; try { final MessageDigest mDigest = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5"); mDigest.update(key.getBytes()); cacheKey = bytesToHexString(mDigest.digest()); } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { cacheKey = String.valueOf(key.hashCode()); } return cacheKey; } private static String bytesToHexString(byte[] bytes) { // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/332079 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) { String hex = Integer.toHexString(0xFF & bytes[i]); if (hex.length() == 1) { sb.append('0'); } sb.append(hex); } return sb.toString(); } /** * Get the size in bytes of a bitmap in a BitmapDrawable. Note that from * Android 4.4 (KitKat) onward this returns the allocated memory size of the * bitmap which can be larger than the actual bitmap data byte count (in the * case it was re-used). * * @param value * @return size in bytes */ @TargetApi(VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) public static int getBitmapSize(BitmapDrawable value) { Bitmap bitmap = value.getBitmap(); // From KitKat onward use getAllocationByteCount() as allocated bytes // can potentially be // larger than bitmap byte count. if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) { return bitmap.getAllocationByteCount(); } if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB_MR1) { return bitmap.getByteCount(); } // Pre HC-MR1 return bitmap.getRowBytes() * bitmap.getHeight(); } /** * Check how much usable space is available at a given path. * * @param path * The path to check * @return The space available in bytes */ @TargetApi(VERSION_CODES.GINGERBREAD) public static long getUsableSpace(File path) { if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= VERSION_CODES.GINGERBREAD) { return path.getUsableSpace(); } final StatFs stats = new StatFs(path.getPath()); return (long) stats.getBlockSize() * (long) stats.getAvailableBlocks(); } }