Java tutorial
/* * @(#)PickWorld.java 1.10 98/04/13 13:49:14 * * Copyright (c) 1996-1998 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. * * Sun grants you ("Licensee") a non-exclusive, royalty free, license to use, * modify and redistribute this software in source and binary code form, * provided that i) this copyright notice and license appear on all copies of * the software; and ii) Licensee does not utilize the software in a manner * which is disparaging to Sun. * * This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any kind. ALL * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY * IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR * NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. SUN AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE * LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING * OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES. IN NO EVENT WILL SUN OR ITS * LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA, OR FOR DIRECT, * INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER * CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF * OR INABILITY TO USE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. * * This software is not designed or intended for use in on-line control of * aircraft, air traffic, aircraft navigation or aircraft communications; or in * the design, construction, operation or maintenance of any nuclear * facility. Licensee represents and warrants that it will not use or * redistribute the Software for such purposes. */ import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.Background; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.ColoringAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.Group; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.picking.PickRotateBehavior; import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.picking.PickTranslateBehavior; import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.picking.PickZoomBehavior; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Cone; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Cylinder; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Primitive; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Sphere; import com.sun.j3d.utils.image.TextureLoader; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; /** * PickWorld creates spheres, cylinders, and cones of different resolutions and * colors. You can pick each one and drag/zoom them around. The setup comes from * TickTockPicking. */ public class PickWorld extends Applet { public BranchGroup createSceneGraph(Canvas3D c) { // Create the root of the branch graph BranchGroup objRoot = new BranchGroup(); // Create a Transformgroup to scale all objects so they // appear in the scene. TransformGroup objScale = new TransformGroup(); Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D(); t3d.setScale(1.0); objScale.setTransform(t3d); objRoot.addChild(objScale); // Create a bounds for the background and behaviors BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), 100.0); // Attach picking behavior utlities to the scene root. // They will wake up when user manipulates a scene node. PickRotateBehavior behavior = new PickRotateBehavior(objRoot, c, bounds); objRoot.addChild(behavior); PickZoomBehavior behavior2 = new PickZoomBehavior(objRoot, c, bounds); objRoot.addChild(behavior2); PickTranslateBehavior behavior3 = new PickTranslateBehavior(objRoot, c, bounds); objRoot.addChild(behavior3); // Set up the background Color3f bgColor = new Color3f(0.05f, 0.05f, 0.4f); Background bg = new Background(bgColor); bg.setApplicationBounds(bounds); objRoot.addChild(bg); // Set up the global lights Color3f lColor1 = new Color3f(0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f); Vector3f lDir1 = new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); Color3f alColor = new Color3f(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f); AmbientLight aLgt = new AmbientLight(alColor); aLgt.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); DirectionalLight lgt1 = new DirectionalLight(lColor1, lDir1); lgt1.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); objRoot.addChild(aLgt); objRoot.addChild(lgt1); // Create a bunch of objects with a behavior and add them // into the scene graph. int row, col; int numRows = 3, numCols = 5; Appearance[][] app = new Appearance[numRows][numCols]; for (row = 0; row < numRows; row++) for (col = 0; col < numCols; col++) app[row][col] = createAppearance(row * numCols + col); for (int i = 0; i < numRows; i++) { double ypos = (double) (i - numRows / 2) * 0.6; for (int j = 0; j < numCols; j++) { double xpos = (double) (j - numCols / 2) * 0.4; objScale.addChild(createObject(i, j, app[i][j], 0.1, xpos, ypos)); } } // Let Java 3D perform optimizations on this scene graph. objRoot.compile(); return objRoot; } private Appearance createAppearance(int idx) { Appearance app = new Appearance(); // Globally used colors Color3f black = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); Color3f white = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); Color3f gray = new Color3f(0.4f, 0.4f, 0.4f); idx = idx % 5; switch (idx) { // Lit solid case 0: { // Set up the material properties Color3f objColor = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.8f, 0.0f); app.setMaterial(new Material(objColor, black, objColor, white, 80.0f)); break; } // Lit solid, specular only case 1: { // Set up the material properties Color3f objColor = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.4f, 0.2f); app.setMaterial(new Material(black, black, objColor, white, 80.0f)); break; } case 2: { // Set up the texture map TextureLoader tex = new TextureLoader("apimage.jpg", this); app.setTexture(tex.getTexture()); // Set up the material properties app.setMaterial(new Material(gray, black, gray, white, 1.0f)); break; } // Texture mapped, lit solid case 3: { // Set up the texture map TextureLoader tex = new TextureLoader("earth.jpg", this); app.setTexture(tex.getTexture()); // Set up the material properties app.setMaterial(new Material(gray, black, gray, white, 1.0f)); break; } // Another lit solid with a different color case 4: { // Set up the material properties Color3f objColor = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); app.setMaterial(new Material(objColor, black, objColor, white, 80.0f)); break; } default: { ColoringAttributes ca = new ColoringAttributes(); ca.setColor(new Color3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f)); app.setColoringAttributes(ca); } } return app; } private Group createObject(int i, int j, Appearance app, double scale, double xpos, double ypos) { // Create a transform group node to scale and position the object. Transform3D t = new Transform3D(); t.set(scale, new Vector3d(xpos, ypos, 0.0)); TransformGroup objTrans = new TransformGroup(t); objTrans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE); objTrans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ); objTrans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ENABLE_PICK_REPORTING); // Create a second transform group node and initialize it to the // identity. Enable the TRANSFORM_WRITE capability so that // our behavior code can modify it at runtime. TransformGroup spinTg = new TransformGroup(); spinTg.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE); spinTg.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ); spinTg.setCapability(TransformGroup.ENABLE_PICK_REPORTING); Primitive obj = null; if (i % 3 == 2) { obj = (Primitive) new Sphere(1.0f, Sphere.GENERATE_NORMALS | Sphere.GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS, j * 8 + 4, app); } else if (i % 3 == 1) { obj = (Primitive) new Cylinder(1.0f, 2.0f, Cylinder.GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS | Cylinder.GENERATE_NORMALS, j * 8 + 4, j * 8 + 4, app); } else if (i % 3 == 0) { obj = (Primitive) new Cone(1.0f, 2.0f, Cone.GENERATE_NORMALS | Cone.GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS, j * 8 + 4, j * 8 + 4, app); } // add it to the scene graph. spinTg.addChild(obj); objTrans.addChild(spinTg); return objTrans; } public PickWorld() { setLayout(new BorderLayout()); Canvas3D c = new Canvas3D(null); add("Center", c); // Create a simple scene and attach it to the virtual universe BranchGroup scene = createSceneGraph(c); SimpleUniverse u = new SimpleUniverse(c); // This will move the ViewPlatform back a bit so the // objects in the scene can be viewed. u.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform(); u.addBranchGraph(scene); } // // The following allows PickWorld to be run as an application // as well as an applet // public static void main(String[] args) { new MainFrame(new PickWorld(), 640, 480); } }