Class constructor

In this chapter you will learn:

  1. How to add a constructor to a class
  2. How to define a constructor with parameters

Add constructor to a class

A constructor initializes an object when it is created. A constructor has the same name as its class. A constructor is syntactically similar to a method. Constructors have no explicit return type.

The general form of constructor is shown here:

access class-name( ) {
// constructor code
}

Constructors can have the following modifiers:

  • public
  • internal
  • private
  • protected
  • unsafe
  • extern

You can use a constructor to give initial values to the instance variables.

using System; //j a v  a2s . c o m
 
class MyClass { 
  public int x; 
 
  public MyClass() { 
    x = 10; 
  }   
}   
   
class ConsDemo {   
  public static void Main() {   
    MyClass t1 = new MyClass(); 
    MyClass t2 = new MyClass(); 
 
    Console.WriteLine(t1.x + " " + t2.x); 
  }   
}

The code above generates the following result.

A parameterized constructor

Constructors can have parameters. The following code uses the contructor to initialize the fields.

using System;/*from  j a v a  2 s.  c om*/

class Rectangle{
   public int Width;
   public int Height;
   public Rectangle(int w, int h){
      Width = w;
      Height = h;
   }
}

class Program
{

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {

        Rectangle r = new Rectangle(1, 2);

        Console.WriteLine(r.Width);
    }
}

The output:

using System; //  ja v a 2 s . c  om
 
class MyClass { 
  public int x; 
 
  public MyClass(int i) { 
    x = i; 
  }   
}   
   
class MainClass {   
  public static void Main() {   
    MyClass t1 = new MyClass(10); 
    MyClass t2 = new MyClass(88); 
 
    Console.WriteLine(t1.x + " " + t2.x); 
  }   
}

The code above generates the following result.

Next chapter...

What you will learn in the next chapter:

  1. Implicit parameterless constructor
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