Java tutorial
// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one // or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file // distributed with this work for additional information // regarding copyright ownership. The SFC licenses this file // to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the // "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance // with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at // // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, // software distributed under the License is distributed on an // "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY // KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the // specific language governing permissions and limitations // under the License. package org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit; import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1; import java.io.BufferedInputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.ObjectOutputStream; import java.io.Serializable; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import java.lang.reflect.Modifier; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import java.net.URL; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; import java.util.ListIterator; import java.util.Locale; import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils; import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils; import org.apache.commons.lang3.SerializationUtils; import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils; import org.apache.commons.logging.Log; import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.AfterClass; import org.junit.Assert; import org.junit.BeforeClass; import org.junit.Test; import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.BrowserVersion; import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.MockWebConnection; public abstract class WebTestCase { /** Logging support. */ private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(WebTestCase.class); /** save the environment */ private static final Locale SAVE_LOCALE = Locale.getDefault(); /** The listener port for the web server. */ public static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("htmlunit.test.port", "12348")); /** The second listener port for the web server, used for cross-origin tests. */ public static final int PORT2 = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("htmlunit.test.port2", "12349")); /** The second listener port for the web server, used for cross-origin tests. */ public static final int PORT3 = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("htmlunit.test.port3", "12359")); /** The SOCKS proxy host to use for SOCKS proxy tests. */ public static final String SOCKS_PROXY_HOST = System.getProperty("htmlunit.test.socksproxy.host", "localhost"); /** The SOCKS proxy port to use for SOCKS proxy tests. */ public static final int SOCKS_PROXY_PORT = Integer .parseInt(System.getProperty("htmlunit.test.socksproxy.port", "55555")); /** Succeeds the SOCKS proxy tests (for windows) . */ public static final boolean GEOLOCATION_IGNORE = Boolean .valueOf(System.getProperty("htmlunit.test.geolocation.ignore", "false")); /** The default time used to wait for the expected alerts. */ protected static final long DEFAULT_WAIT_TIME = 1000; /** Constant for the URL which is used in the tests. */ public static final URL URL_FIRST; /** Constant for the URL which is used in the tests. */ public static final URL URL_SECOND; /** * Constant for the URL which is used in the tests. * This URL doesn't use the same host name as {@link #URL_FIRST} and {@link #URL_SECOND}. */ public static final URL URL_THIRD; /** * Constant for a URL used in tests that responds with Access-Control-Allow-Origin. */ public static final URL URL_CROSS_ORIGIN; /** * To get an origin header with two things in it, there needs to be a chain of two * cross-origin referers. So we need a second extra origin. */ public static final URL URL_CROSS_ORIGIN2; /** * Constant for the base URL for cross-origin tests. */ public static final URL URL_CROSS_ORIGIN_BASE; /** * The content type for JavaScript. */ public static final String JAVASCRIPT_MIME_TYPE = "application/javascript"; /** * The name of the system property used to determine if files should be generated * or not in {@link #createTestPageForRealBrowserIfNeeded(String,List)}. */ public static final String PROPERTY_GENERATE_TESTPAGES = "com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.WebTestCase.GenerateTestpages"; /** System-specific line separator. */ protected static final String LINE_SEPARATOR = System.getProperty("line.separator"); private BrowserVersion browserVersion_; private String[] expectedAlerts_; private MockWebConnection mockWebConnection_; /** To be documented. */ protected static final BrowserVersion FLAG_ALL_BROWSERS = new BrowserVersion("", "", "", 0); /** To be documented. */ protected static final ThreadLocal<BrowserVersion> generateTest_browserVersion_ = new ThreadLocal<>(); private String generateTest_content_; private List<String> generateTest_expectedAlerts_; private boolean generateTest_notYetImplemented_; private String generateTest_testName_; static { try { URL_FIRST = new URL("http://localhost:" + PORT + "/"); URL_SECOND = new URL("http://localhost:" + PORT + "/second/"); URL_THIRD = new URL("http://127.0.0.1:" + PORT + "/third/"); URL_CROSS_ORIGIN = new URL("http://127.0.0.1:" + PORT2 + "/corsAllowAll"); URL_CROSS_ORIGIN2 = new URL("http://localhost:" + PORT3 + "/"); URL_CROSS_ORIGIN_BASE = new URL("http://localhost:" + PORT2 + "/"); } catch (final MalformedURLException e) { // This is theoretically impossible. throw new IllegalStateException("Unable to create URL constants"); } } /** * Constructor. */ protected WebTestCase() { generateTest_browserVersion_.remove(); } /** * Assert that the specified object is null. * @param object the object to check */ public static void assertNull(final Object object) { Assert.assertNull("Expected null but found [" + object + "]", object); } /** * Assert that the specified object is null. * @param message the message * @param object the object to check */ public static void assertNull(final String message, final Object object) { Assert.assertNull(message, object); } /** * Assert that the specified object is not null. * @param object the object to check */ public static void assertNotNull(final Object object) { Assert.assertNotNull(object); } /** * Assert that the specified object is not null. * @param message the message * @param object the object to check */ public static void assertNotNull(final String message, final Object object) { Assert.assertNotNull(message, object); } /** * Asserts that two objects refer to the same object. * @param expected the expected object * @param actual the actual object */ public static void assertSame(final Object expected, final Object actual) { Assert.assertSame(expected, actual); } /** * Asserts that two objects refer to the same object. * @param message the message * @param expected the expected object * @param actual the actual object */ public static void assertSame(final String message, final Object expected, final Object actual) { Assert.assertSame(message, expected, actual); } /** * Asserts that two objects do not refer to the same object. * @param expected the expected object * @param actual the actual object */ public static void assertNotSame(final Object expected, final Object actual) { Assert.assertNotSame(expected, actual); } /** * Asserts that two objects do not refer to the same object. * @param message the message * @param expected the expected object * @param actual the actual object */ public static void assertNotSame(final String message, final Object expected, final Object actual) { Assert.assertNotSame(message, expected, actual); } /** * Facility to test external form of urls. Comparing external form of URLs is * really faster than URL.equals() as the host doesn't need to be resolved. * @param expectedUrl the expected URL * @param actualUrl the URL to test */ protected static void assertEquals(final URL expectedUrl, final URL actualUrl) { Assert.assertEquals(expectedUrl.toExternalForm(), actualUrl.toExternalForm()); } /** * Asserts the two objects are equal. * @param expected the expected object * @param actual the object to test */ protected static void assertEquals(final Object expected, final Object actual) { Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual); } /** * Asserts the two objects are equal. * @param message the message * @param expected the expected object * @param actual the object to test */ protected static void assertEquals(final String message, final Object expected, final Object actual) { Assert.assertEquals(message, expected, actual); } /** * Asserts the two ints are equal. * @param expected the expected int * @param actual the int to test */ protected static void assertEquals(final int expected, final int actual) { Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual); } /** * Asserts the two boolean are equal. * @param expected the expected boolean * @param actual the boolean to test */ protected void assertEquals(final boolean expected, final boolean actual) { Assert.assertEquals(Boolean.valueOf(expected), Boolean.valueOf(actual)); } /** * Facility to test external form of urls. Comparing external form of URLs is * really faster than URL.equals() as the host doesn't need to be resolved. * @param message the message to display if assertion fails * @param expectedUrl the string representation of the expected URL * @param actualUrl the URL to test */ protected void assertEquals(final String message, final URL expectedUrl, final URL actualUrl) { Assert.assertEquals(message, expectedUrl.toExternalForm(), actualUrl.toExternalForm()); } /** * Facility to test external form of an URL. * @param expectedUrl the string representation of the expected URL * @param actualUrl the URL to test */ protected void assertEquals(final String expectedUrl, final URL actualUrl) { Assert.assertEquals(expectedUrl, actualUrl.toExternalForm()); } /** * Facility method to avoid having to create explicitly a list from * a String[] (for example when testing received alerts). * Transforms the String[] to a List before calling * {@link org.junit.Assert#assertEquals(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)}. * @param expected the expected strings * @param actual the collection of strings to test */ protected void assertEquals(final String[] expected, final List<String> actual) { assertEquals(null, expected, actual); } /** * Facility method to avoid having to create explicitly a list from * a String[] (for example when testing received alerts). * Transforms the String[] to a List before calling * {@link org.junit.Assert#assertEquals(java.lang.String, java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)}. * @param message the message to display if assertion fails * @param expected the expected strings * @param actual the collection of strings to test */ protected void assertEquals(final String message, final String[] expected, final List<String> actual) { Assert.assertEquals(message, Arrays.asList(expected).toString(), actual.toString()); } /** * Facility to test external form of an URL. * @param message the message to display if assertion fails * @param expectedUrl the string representation of the expected URL * @param actualUrl the URL to test */ protected void assertEquals(final String message, final String expectedUrl, final URL actualUrl) { Assert.assertEquals(message, expectedUrl, actualUrl.toExternalForm()); } /** * Assert the specified condition is true. * @param condition condition to test */ protected void assertTrue(final boolean condition) { Assert.assertTrue(condition); } /** * Assert the specified condition is true. * @param message message to show * @param condition condition to test */ protected void assertTrue(final String message, final boolean condition) { Assert.assertTrue(message, condition); } /** * Assert the specified condition is false. * @param condition condition to test */ protected void assertFalse(final boolean condition) { Assert.assertFalse(condition); } /** * Assert the specified condition is false. * @param message message to show * @param condition condition to test */ protected void assertFalse(final String message, final boolean condition) { Assert.assertFalse(message, condition); } /** * Returns an input stream for the specified file name. Refer to {@link #getFileObject(String)} * for details on how the file is located. * @param fileName the base file name * @return the input stream * @throws FileNotFoundException if the file cannot be found */ public static InputStream getFileAsStream(final String fileName) throws FileNotFoundException { return new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(getFileObject(fileName))); } /** * Returns a File object for the specified file name. This is different from just * <code>new File(fileName)</code> because it will adjust the location of the file * depending on how the code is being executed. * * @param fileName the base filename * @return the new File object * @throws FileNotFoundException if the file doesn't exist */ public static File getFileObject(final String fileName) throws FileNotFoundException { final String localizedName = fileName.replace('/', File.separatorChar); File file = new File(localizedName); if (!file.exists()) { file = new File("../../" + localizedName); } if (!file.exists()) { try { System.out.println("currentDir=" + new File(".").getCanonicalPath()); } catch (final IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } throw new FileNotFoundException(localizedName); } return file; } /** * Facility method transforming expectedAlerts to a list and calling * {@link #createTestPageForRealBrowserIfNeeded(String, List)}. * @param content the content of the HTML page * @param expectedAlerts the expected alerts * @throws IOException if writing file fails */ protected void createTestPageForRealBrowserIfNeeded(final String content, final String[] expectedAlerts) throws IOException { createTestPageForRealBrowserIfNeeded(content, Arrays.asList(expectedAlerts)); } /** * Generates an instrumented HTML file in the temporary dir to easily make a manual test in a real browser. * The file is generated only if the system property {@link #PROPERTY_GENERATE_TESTPAGES} is set. * @param content the content of the HTML page * @param expectedAlerts the expected alerts * @throws IOException if writing file fails */ protected void createTestPageForRealBrowserIfNeeded(final String content, final List<String> expectedAlerts) throws IOException { // save the information to create a test for WebDriver generateTest_content_ = content; generateTest_expectedAlerts_ = expectedAlerts; final Method testMethod = findRunningJUnitTestMethod(); generateTest_testName_ = testMethod.getDeclaringClass().getSimpleName() + "_" + testMethod.getName() + ".html"; if (System.getProperty(PROPERTY_GENERATE_TESTPAGES) != null) { // should be optimized.... // calls to alert() should be replaced by call to custom function String newContent = StringUtils.replace(content, "alert(", "htmlunitReserved_caughtAlert("); final String instrumentationJS = createInstrumentationScript(expectedAlerts); // first version, we assume that there is a <head> and a </body> or a </frameset> if (newContent.indexOf("<head>") > -1) { newContent = StringUtils.replaceOnce(newContent, "<head>", "<head>" + instrumentationJS); } else { newContent = StringUtils.replaceOnce(newContent, "<html>", "<html>\n<head>\n" + instrumentationJS + "\n</head>\n"); } final String endScript = "\n<script>htmlunitReserved_addSummaryAfterOnload();</script>\n"; if (newContent.contains("</body>")) { newContent = StringUtils.replaceOnce(newContent, "</body>", endScript + "</body>"); } else { LOG.info("No test generated: currently only content with a <head> and a </body> is supported"); } final File f = File.createTempFile("TEST" + '_', ".html"); FileUtils.writeStringToFile(f, newContent, "ISO-8859-1"); LOG.info("Test file written: " + f.getAbsolutePath()); } else { if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) { LOG.debug("System property \"" + PROPERTY_GENERATE_TESTPAGES + "\" not set, don't generate test HTML page for real browser"); } } } /** * @param expectedAlerts the list of the expected alerts * @return the script to be included at the beginning of the generated HTML file * @throws IOException in case of problem */ private String createInstrumentationScript(final List<String> expectedAlerts) throws IOException { // generate the js code final String baseJS = getFileContent("alertVerifier.js"); final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.append("\n<script type='text/javascript'>\n"); sb.append("var htmlunitReserved_tab = ["); for (final ListIterator<String> iter = expectedAlerts.listIterator(); iter.hasNext();) { if (iter.hasPrevious()) { sb.append(", "); } String message = iter.next(); message = StringUtils.replace(message, "\\", "\\\\"); message = message.replaceAll("\n", "\\\\n").replaceAll("\r", "\\\\r"); sb.append("{expected: \"").append(message).append("\"}"); } sb.append("];\n\n"); sb.append(baseJS); sb.append("</script>\n"); return sb.toString(); } /** * Finds from the call stack the active running JUnit test case * @return the test case method * @throws RuntimeException if no method could be found */ private Method findRunningJUnitTestMethod() { final Class<?> cl = getClass(); final Class<?>[] args = new Class[] {}; // search the initial junit test final Throwable t = new Exception(); for (int i = t.getStackTrace().length - 1; i >= 0; i--) { final StackTraceElement element = t.getStackTrace()[i]; if (element.getClassName().equals(cl.getName())) { try { final Method m = cl.getMethod(element.getMethodName(), args); if (isPublicTestMethod(m)) { return m; } } catch (final Exception e) { // can't access, ignore it } } } throw new RuntimeException("No JUnit test case method found in call stack"); } /** * From Junit. Test if the method is a junit test. * @param method the method * @return {@code true} if this is a junit test */ private static boolean isPublicTestMethod(final Method method) { return method.getParameterTypes().length == 0 && (method.getName().startsWith("test") || method.getAnnotation(Test.class) != null) && method.getReturnType() == Void.TYPE && Modifier.isPublic(method.getModifiers()); } /** * Sets the browser version. * @param browserVersion the browser version */ public void setBrowserVersion(final BrowserVersion browserVersion) { browserVersion_ = browserVersion; } /** * Returns the current {@link BrowserVersion}. * @return current {@link BrowserVersion} */ protected final BrowserVersion getBrowserVersion() { if (browserVersion_ == null) { throw new IllegalStateException( "You must annotate the test class with '@RunWith(BrowserRunner.class)'"); } return browserVersion_; } /** * Sets the expected alerts. * @param expectedAlerts the expected alerts */ public void setExpectedAlerts(final String... expectedAlerts) { expectedAlerts_ = expectedAlerts; } /** * Returns the expected alerts. * @return the expected alerts */ protected String[] getExpectedAlerts() { return expectedAlerts_; } /** * Expand "URL" to the provided URL in the expected alerts. * @param url the URL to expand */ protected void expandExpectedAlertsVariables(final URL url) { if (expectedAlerts_ == null) { throw new IllegalStateException( "You must annotate the test class with '@RunWith(BrowserRunner.class)'"); } for (int i = 0; i < expectedAlerts_.length; i++) { expectedAlerts_[i] = expectedAlerts_[i].replaceAll("URL", url.toExternalForm()); } } /** * A generics-friendly version of {@link SerializationUtils#clone(Serializable)}. * @param <T> the type of the object being cloned * @param object the object being cloned * @return a clone of the specified object */ protected <T extends Serializable> T clone(final T object) { return SerializationUtils.clone(object); } /** * Gets the default URL used for the tests. * @return the url */ protected static URL getDefaultUrl() { return URL_FIRST; } /** * Prepare the environment. * Rhino has localized error message... for instance for French */ @BeforeClass public static void beforeClass() { Locale.setDefault(Locale.US); } /** * Restore the environment. */ @AfterClass public static void afterClass() { Locale.setDefault(SAVE_LOCALE); } /** * Generates an HTML file that can be loaded and understood as a test. * @throws IOException in case of problem */ @After public void generateTestForWebDriver() throws IOException { if (generateTest_content_ != null && !generateTest_notYetImplemented_) { final File targetDir = new File("target/generated_tests"); targetDir.mkdirs(); final File outFile = new File(targetDir, generateTest_testName_); final String newContent = getModifiedContent(generateTest_content_); FileUtils.writeStringToFile(outFile, newContent, ISO_8859_1); // write the expected alerts final String suffix; BrowserVersion browser = generateTest_browserVersion_.get(); if (browser == null) { browser = getBrowserVersion(); } if (browser == FLAG_ALL_BROWSERS) { suffix = ".expected"; } else { suffix = "." + browser.getNickname() + ".expected"; } final File expectedLog = new File(outFile.getParentFile(), outFile.getName() + suffix); try (FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(expectedLog)) { try (ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos)) { oos.writeObject(generateTest_expectedAlerts_); } } } } /** * Returns the modified JavaScript after changing how 'alerts' are called. * @param html the html * @return the modified html */ protected static String getModifiedContent(final String html) { return html; } /** * To be documented. * @param status the status */ protected void setGenerateTest_notYetImplemented(final boolean status) { generateTest_notYetImplemented_ = status; } /** * Returns the mock WebConnection instance for the current test. * @return the mock WebConnection instance for the current test */ protected MockWebConnection getMockWebConnection() { if (mockWebConnection_ == null) { mockWebConnection_ = new MockWebConnection(); } return mockWebConnection_; } /** * Sets the mock WebConnection instance for the current test. * @param connection the connection to use */ protected void setMockWebConnection(final MockWebConnection connection) { mockWebConnection_ = connection; } /** * Cleanup after a test. */ @After public void releaseResources() { mockWebConnection_ = null; } /** * Loads an expectation file for the specified browser search first for a browser specific resource * and falling back in a general resource. * @param resourcePrefix the start of the resource name * @param resourceSuffix the end of the resource name * @return the content of the file * @throws Exception in case of error */ protected String loadExpectation(final String resourcePrefix, final String resourceSuffix) throws Exception { final URL url = getExpectationsResource(getClass(), getBrowserVersion(), resourcePrefix, resourceSuffix); assertNotNull(url); final File file = new File(url.toURI()); String content = FileUtils.readFileToString(file, "UTF-8"); content = StringUtils.replace(content, "\r\n", "\n"); return content; } private static URL getExpectationsResource(final Class<?> referenceClass, final BrowserVersion browserVersion, final String resourcePrefix, final String resourceSuffix) { final String browserSpecificResource = resourcePrefix + "." + browserVersion.getNickname() + resourceSuffix; URL url = referenceClass.getResource(browserSpecificResource); if (url != null) { return url; } final String browserFamily = browserVersion.getNickname().replaceAll("[\\d\\.]", ""); final String browserFamilyResource = resourcePrefix + "." + browserFamily + resourceSuffix; url = referenceClass.getResource(browserFamilyResource); if (url != null) { return url; } // fall back: expectations for all browsers final String resource = resourcePrefix + resourceSuffix; return referenceClass.getResource(resource); } /** * Read the content of the given file using our classloader. * @param fileName the file name * @return the content as string * @throws IOException in case of error */ protected String getFileContent(final String fileName) throws IOException { final InputStream stream = getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(fileName); assertNotNull(fileName, stream); return IOUtils.toString(stream, ISO_8859_1); } }