org.broadinstitute.gatk.utils.help.GenericDocumentationHandler.java Source code

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/*
* Copyright (c) 2012 The Broad Institute
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
* obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
* files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
* restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
* copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
* Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following
* conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
* included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
* OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
* NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
* HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
* WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
* FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR
* THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/

package org.broadinstitute.gatk.utils.help;

import com.google.java.contract.Ensures;
import com.google.java.contract.Requires;
import com.sun.javadoc.ClassDoc;
import com.sun.javadoc.FieldDoc;
import com.sun.javadoc.Tag;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import htsjdk.tribble.Feature;
import org.broadinstitute.gatk.engine.walkers.*;
import org.broadinstitute.gatk.utils.commandline.*;
import org.broadinstitute.gatk.engine.CommandLineGATK;
import org.broadinstitute.gatk.engine.refdata.tracks.FeatureManager;
import org.broadinstitute.gatk.tools.walkers.annotator.interfaces.GenotypeAnnotation;
import org.broadinstitute.gatk.tools.walkers.annotator.interfaces.InfoFieldAnnotation;
import org.broadinstitute.gatk.utils.Utils;
import org.broadinstitute.gatk.utils.classloader.JVMUtils;
import org.broadinstitute.gatk.utils.collections.Pair;
import org.broadinstitute.gatk.utils.exceptions.ReviewedGATKException;
import org.broadinstitute.gatk.utils.exceptions.GATKException;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.util.*;

/**
 *
 */
public class GenericDocumentationHandler extends DocumentedGATKFeatureHandler {
    private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(GenericDocumentationHandler.class);

    /**
     * The max. length of the longest of --fullName -shortName argument name
     * before we prefer the shorter option.
     */
    private static final int MAX_DISPLAY_NAME = 30;

    /**
     * The Class we are documenting
     */
    private GATKDocWorkUnit toProcess;

    @Override
    public boolean includeInDocs(ClassDoc doc) {
        try {
            Class type = DocletUtils.getClassForDoc(doc);
            boolean hidden = !getDoclet().showHiddenFeatures() && type.isAnnotationPresent(Hidden.class);
            return !hidden && JVMUtils.isConcrete(type);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public String getTemplateName(ClassDoc doc) throws IOException {
        return "generic.template.html";
    }

    @Override
    public void processOne(GATKDocWorkUnit toProcessArg) {
        this.toProcess = toProcessArg;

        //System.out.printf("%s class %s%n", toProcess.group, toProcess.classDoc);
        Map<String, Object> root = new HashMap<String, Object>();

        addHighLevelBindings(root);
        addArgumentBindings(root);
        addRelatedBindings(root);
        root.put("group", toProcess.group);

        // Adding in retrieval of peripheral info (rf annotations etc)
        getClazzAnnotations(toProcess.clazz, root);

        toProcess.setHandlerContent((String) root.get("summary"), root);
    }

    /**
     * Add high-level summary information about toProcess to root, such as its
     * name, summary, description, version, etc.
     *
     * @param root
     */
    protected void addHighLevelBindings(Map<String, Object> root) {
        root.put("name", toProcess.classDoc.name());

        // Extract overrides from the doc tags.
        StringBuilder summaryBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        for (Tag tag : toProcess.classDoc.firstSentenceTags())
            summaryBuilder.append(tag.text());
        root.put("summary", summaryBuilder.toString());
        root.put("description", toProcess.classDoc.commentText().substring(summaryBuilder.toString().length()));
        root.put("timestamp", toProcess.buildTimestamp);
        root.put("version", toProcess.absoluteVersion);

        for (Tag tag : toProcess.classDoc.tags()) {
            root.put(tag.name(), tag.text());
        }

        root.put("gotoDev", toProcess.annotation.gotoDev());
    }

    /**
     * Add bindings describing related GATK capabilites to toProcess
     *
     * @param root
     */
    protected void addRelatedBindings(Map<String, Object> root) {
        List<Map<String, Object>> extraDocsData = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();

        // add in all of the explicitly related items
        for (final Class extraDocClass : toProcess.annotation.extraDocs()) {
            final GATKDocWorkUnit otherUnit = getDoclet().findWorkUnitForClass(extraDocClass);
            if (otherUnit == null)
                throw new ReviewedGATKException(
                        "Requested extraDocs for class without any documentation: " + extraDocClass);
            extraDocsData.add(new HashMap<String, Object>() {
                {
                    put("filename", otherUnit.filename);
                    put("name", otherUnit.name);
                }
            });
        }
        root.put("extradocs", extraDocsData);
    }

    /**
     * Add information about all of the arguments available to toProcess to root
     *
     * @param root
     */
    protected void addArgumentBindings(Map<String, Object> root) {
        ParsingEngine parsingEngine = createStandardGATKParsingEngine();

        Map<String, List<Map<String, Object>>> args = createArgumentMap();
        root.put("arguments", args);
        try {
            // loop over all of the arguments according to the parsing engine
            for (final ArgumentSource argumentSource : parsingEngine
                    .extractArgumentSources(DocletUtils.getClassForDoc(toProcess.classDoc))) {
                ArgumentDefinition argDef = argumentSource.createArgumentDefinitions().get(0);
                FieldDoc fieldDoc = getFieldDoc(toProcess.classDoc, argumentSource.field.getName());
                Map<String, Object> argBindings = docForArgument(fieldDoc, argumentSource, argDef);
                if (!argumentSource.isHidden() || getDoclet().showHiddenFeatures()) {
                    final String kind = docKindOfArg(argumentSource);
                    // Retrieve default value
                    final Object value = argumentValue(toProcess.clazz, argumentSource);
                    if (value != null)
                        argBindings.put("defaultValue", prettyPrintValueString(value));
                    // Retrieve min and max / hard and soft value thresholds for numeric args
                    if (value instanceof Number) {
                        if (argumentSource.field.isAnnotationPresent(Argument.class)) {
                            argBindings.put("minValue",
                                    argumentSource.field.getAnnotation(Argument.class).minValue());
                            argBindings.put("maxValue",
                                    argumentSource.field.getAnnotation(Argument.class).maxValue());
                            if (argumentSource.field.getAnnotation(Argument.class)
                                    .minRecommendedValue() != Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY) {
                                argBindings.put("minRecValue",
                                        argumentSource.field.getAnnotation(Argument.class).minRecommendedValue());
                            }
                            if (argumentSource.field.getAnnotation(Argument.class)
                                    .maxRecommendedValue() != Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY) {
                                argBindings.put("maxRecValue",
                                        argumentSource.field.getAnnotation(Argument.class).maxRecommendedValue());
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    // Finalize argument bindings
                    args.get(kind).add(argBindings);
                    args.get("all").add(argBindings);
                }
            }

            // sort the arguments
            for (Map.Entry<String, List<Map<String, Object>>> entry : args.entrySet()) {
                entry.setValue(sortArguments(entry.getValue()));
            }
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Return the argument kind (required, advanced, hidden, etc) of this argumentSource
     *
     * @param argumentSource
     * @return
     */
    @Requires("argumentSource != null")
    @Ensures("result != null")
    private String docKindOfArg(ArgumentSource argumentSource) {
        if (argumentSource.isRequired()) {
            if (argumentSource.isInput())
                return "required_in";
            else if (argumentSource.isOutput())
                return "required_out";
            else if (argumentSource.isFlag())
                return "required_flag";
            else
                return "required_param";
        } else if (argumentSource.isAdvanced()) {
            if (argumentSource.isInput())
                return "advanced_in";
            else if (argumentSource.isOutput())
                return "advanced_out";
            else if (argumentSource.isFlag())
                return "advanced_flag";
            else
                return "advanced_param";
        } else if (argumentSource.isHidden())
            return "hidden";
        else if (argumentSource.isDeprecated())
            return "deprecated";
        else {
            if (argumentSource.isInput())
                return "optional_in";
            else if (argumentSource.isOutput())
                return "optional_out";
            else if (argumentSource.isFlag())
                return "optional_flag";
            else
                return "optional_param";
        }
    }

    /**
     * Attempts to determine the value of argumentSource in an instantiated version of c
     *
     * @param c
     * @param argumentSource
     * @return value of argumentSource, or null if this isn't possible
     */
    @Requires({ "c != null", "argumentSource != null" })
    private Object argumentValue(Class c, ArgumentSource argumentSource) {
        // get the value of the field
        // attempt to instantiate the class
        final Object instance = makeInstanceIfPossible(toProcess.clazz);
        if (instance != null) {
            final Object value = getFieldValue(instance, argumentSource.field.getName());
            if (value != null)
                return value;

            if (argumentSource.createsTypeDefault()) {
                try { // handle the case where there's an implicit default
                    return argumentSource.typeDefaultDocString();
                } catch (ReviewedGATKException e) {
                    ; // failed to create type default, don't worry about it
                }
            }
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Create the argument map for holding class arguments
     *
     * @return
     */
    private Map<String, List<Map<String, Object>>> createArgumentMap() {
        Map<String, List<Map<String, Object>>> args = new HashMap<String, List<Map<String, Object>>>();
        args.put("all", new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>());
        args.put("required_in", new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>());
        args.put("required_out", new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>());
        args.put("required_param", new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>());
        args.put("required_flag", new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>());
        args.put("optional_in", new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>());
        args.put("optional_out", new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>());
        args.put("optional_param", new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>());
        args.put("optional_flag", new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>());
        args.put("advanced_in", new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>());
        args.put("advanced_out", new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>());
        args.put("advanced_param", new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>());
        args.put("advanced_flag", new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>());
        args.put("hidden", new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>());
        args.put("deprecated", new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>());
        return args;
    }

    /**
     * Sorts the individual argument list in unsorted according to CompareArgumentsByName
     *
     * @param unsorted
     * @return
     */
    private List<Map<String, Object>> sortArguments(List<Map<String, Object>> unsorted) {
        Collections.sort(unsorted, new CompareArgumentsByName());
        return unsorted;
    }

    /**
     * Sort arguments by case-insensitive comparison ignoring the -- and - prefixes
     */
    private class CompareArgumentsByName implements Comparator<Map<String, Object>> {
        public int compare(Map<String, Object> x, Map<String, Object> y) {
            return elt(x).compareTo(elt(y));
        }

        private String elt(Map<String, Object> m) {
            String v = m.get("name").toString().toLowerCase();
            if (v.startsWith("--"))
                return v.substring(2);
            else if (v.startsWith("-"))
                return v.substring(1);
            else
                throw new RuntimeException("Expect to see arguments beginning with at least one -, but found " + v);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Umbrella function that groups the collection of values for specific annotations applied to an
     * instance of class c. Lists of collected values are added directly to the "toProcess" object.
     * Requires being able to instantiate the class.
     *
     * @param classToProcess the object to instantiate and query for the annotation
     * @param root the root of the document handler, to which we'll store collected annotations
     */
    private void getClazzAnnotations(Class classToProcess, Map<String, Object> root) {
        //
        // attempt to instantiate the class
        final Object instance = makeInstanceIfPossible(classToProcess);
        if (instance != null) {
            final Class myClass = instance.getClass();
            // Get parallelism options
            final HashSet<HashMap<String, Object>> parallelOptions = getParallelism(myClass,
                    new HashSet<HashMap<String, Object>>());
            root.put("parallel", parallelOptions);
            // Get annotation info (what type of annotation, standard etc.)
            final HashSet<String> annotInfo = getAnnotInfo(myClass, new HashSet<String>());
            root.put("annotinfo", StringUtils.join(annotInfo, ", "));
            // Get annotation field (whether it goes in INFO or FORMAT)
            root.put("annotfield", getAnnotField(myClass));
            // Get walker type if applicable
            root.put("walkertype", getWalkerType(myClass));
            // Get partition type if applicable
            root.put("partitiontype", getPartitionType(myClass));
            // Get read filter annotations (ReadFilters) if applicable
            final HashSet<HashMap<String, Object>> bucket = getReadFilters(myClass,
                    new HashSet<HashMap<String, Object>>());
            root.put("readfilters", bucket);
            // Get default downsampling settings
            final HashMap<String, Object> dsSettings = getDownSamplingSettings(myClass,
                    new HashMap<String, Object>());
            root.put("downsampling", dsSettings);
            // Get reference window size settings
            final HashMap<String, Object> refwindow = getRefWindow(myClass, new HashMap<String, Object>());
            root.put("refwindow", refwindow);
            // Get ActiveRegion size settings
            final HashMap<String, Object> activeRegion = getActiveRegion(myClass, new HashMap<String, Object>());
            root.put("activeregion", activeRegion);
            // anything else?
        } else {
            // put empty items to avoid blowups
            root.put("parallel", new HashSet<String>());
            root.put("annotinfo", "");
            root.put("annotfield", "");
            root.put("walkertype", "");
            root.put("partitiontype", "");
            root.put("readfilters", new HashSet<HashMap<String, Object>>());
            root.put("downsampling", new HashMap<String, Object>());
            root.put("refwindow", new HashMap<String, Object>());
            root.put("activeregion", new HashMap<String, Object>());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Utility function that checks which parallelism options are available for an instance of class c.
     *
     * @param myClass the class to query for the interfaces
     * @param parallelOptions an empty HashSet in which to collect the info
     * @return a hash set of parallelism options, otherwise an empty set
     */
    private HashSet<HashMap<String, Object>> getParallelism(Class myClass,
            HashSet<HashMap<String, Object>> parallelOptions) {
        //
        // Retrieve interfaces
        Class[] implementedInterfaces = myClass.getInterfaces();
        for (Class intfClass : implementedInterfaces) {
            final HashMap<String, Object> nugget = new HashMap<String, Object>();
            if (intfClass.getSimpleName().equals("TreeReducible")) {
                nugget.put("name", intfClass.getSimpleName());
                nugget.put("arg", HelpConstants.ARG_TREEREDUCIBLE);
                nugget.put("link", HelpConstants.CMDLINE_GATK_URL + "#" + HelpConstants.ARG_TREEREDUCIBLE);
            } else if (intfClass.getSimpleName().equals("NanoSchedulable")) {
                nugget.put("name", intfClass.getSimpleName());
                nugget.put("arg", HelpConstants.ARG_NANOSCHEDULABLE);
                nugget.put("link", HelpConstants.CMDLINE_GATK_URL + "#" + HelpConstants.ARG_NANOSCHEDULABLE);
            } else {
                continue;
            }
            parallelOptions.add(nugget);
        }
        // Look up superclasses recursively
        final Class mySuperClass = myClass.getSuperclass();
        if (mySuperClass.getSimpleName().equals("Object")) {
            return parallelOptions;
        }
        return getParallelism(mySuperClass, parallelOptions);
    }

    /**
     * Utility function that looks up whether the annotation goes in INFO or FORMAT field.
     *
     * @param myClass the class to query for the interfaces
     * @return a String specifying the annotation field
     */
    private final String getAnnotField(Class myClass) {
        //
        // Look up superclasses recursively until we find either
        // GenotypeAnnotation or InfoFieldAnnotation
        final Class mySuperClass = myClass.getSuperclass();
        if (mySuperClass == InfoFieldAnnotation.class) {
            return "INFO (variant-level)";
        } else if (mySuperClass == GenotypeAnnotation.class) {
            return "FORMAT (sample genotype-level)";
        } else if (mySuperClass.getSimpleName().equals("Object")) {
            return "";
        }
        return getAnnotField(mySuperClass);
    }

    /**
     * Utility function that determines the annotation type for an instance of class c.
     *
     * @param myClass the class to query for the interfaces
     * @param annotInfo an empty HashSet in which to collect the info
     * @return a hash set of the annotation types, otherwise an empty set
     */
    private HashSet<String> getAnnotInfo(Class myClass, HashSet<String> annotInfo) {
        //
        // Retrieve interfaces
        Class[] implementedInterfaces = myClass.getInterfaces();
        for (Class intfClass : implementedInterfaces) {
            if (intfClass.getName().contains("Annotation")) {
                annotInfo.add(intfClass.getSimpleName());
            }
        }
        // Look up superclasses recursively
        final Class mySuperClass = myClass.getSuperclass();
        if (mySuperClass.getSimpleName().equals("Object")) {
            return annotInfo;
        }
        return getAnnotInfo(mySuperClass, annotInfo);
    }

    /**
     * Utility function that determines the default downsampling settings for an instance of class c.
     *
     * @param myClass the class to query for the settings
     * @param dsSettings an empty HashMap in which to collect the info
     * @return a hash set of the downsampling settings, otherwise an empty set
     */
    private HashMap<String, Object> getDownSamplingSettings(Class myClass, HashMap<String, Object> dsSettings) {
        //
        // Retrieve annotation
        if (myClass.isAnnotationPresent(Downsample.class)) {
            final Annotation thisAnnotation = myClass.getAnnotation(Downsample.class);
            if (thisAnnotation instanceof Downsample) {
                final Downsample dsAnnotation = (Downsample) thisAnnotation;
                dsSettings.put("by", dsAnnotation.by().toString());
                dsSettings.put("to_cov", dsAnnotation.toCoverage());
            }
        }
        return dsSettings;
    }

    /**
     * Utility function that determines the reference window size for an instance of class c.
     *
     * @param myClass the class to query for the settings
     * @param refWindow an empty HashMap in which to collect the info
     * @return a HashMap of the window start and stop, otherwise an empty HashMap
     */
    private HashMap<String, Object> getRefWindow(Class myClass, HashMap<String, Object> refWindow) {
        //
        // Retrieve annotation
        if (myClass.isAnnotationPresent(Reference.class)) {
            final Annotation thisAnnotation = myClass.getAnnotation(Reference.class);
            if (thisAnnotation instanceof Reference) {
                final Reference refAnnotation = (Reference) thisAnnotation;
                refWindow.put("start", refAnnotation.window().start());
                refWindow.put("stop", refAnnotation.window().stop());
            }
        }
        return refWindow;
    }

    /**
     * Utility function that determines the ActiveRegion settings for an instance of class c.
     *
     * @param myClass the class to query for the settings
     * @param activeRegion an empty HashMap in which to collect the info
     * @return a HashMap of the ActiveRegion parameters, otherwise an empty HashMap
     */
    private HashMap<String, Object> getActiveRegion(Class myClass, HashMap<String, Object> activeRegion) {
        //
        // Retrieve annotation
        if (myClass.isAnnotationPresent(ActiveRegionTraversalParameters.class)) {
            final Annotation thisAnnotation = myClass.getAnnotation(ActiveRegionTraversalParameters.class);
            if (thisAnnotation instanceof ActiveRegionTraversalParameters) {
                final ActiveRegionTraversalParameters arAnnotation = (ActiveRegionTraversalParameters) thisAnnotation;
                activeRegion.put("ext", arAnnotation.extension());
                activeRegion.put("max", arAnnotation.maxRegion());
                activeRegion.put("min", arAnnotation.minRegion());
            }
        }
        return activeRegion;
    }

    /**
     * Utility function that determines the partition type of an instance of class c.
     *
     * @param myClass the class to query for the annotation
     * @return the partition type if applicable, otherwise an empty string
     */
    private String getPartitionType(Class myClass) {
        //
        // Retrieve annotation
        if (myClass.isAnnotationPresent(PartitionBy.class)) {
            final Annotation thisAnnotation = myClass.getAnnotation(PartitionBy.class);
            if (thisAnnotation instanceof PartitionBy) {
                final PartitionBy partAnnotation = (PartitionBy) thisAnnotation;
                return partAnnotation.value().toString();
            }
        }
        return "";
    }

    /**
     * Utility function that determines the type of walker subclassed by an instance of class c.
     *
     * @param myClass the class to query for the annotation
     * @return the type of walker if applicable, otherwise an empty string
     */
    private String getWalkerType(Class myClass) {
        //
        // Look up superclasses recursively until we find either Walker or Object
        final Class mySuperClass = myClass.getSuperclass();
        if (mySuperClass.getSimpleName().equals("Walker")) {
            return myClass.getSimpleName();
        } else if (mySuperClass.getSimpleName().equals("Object")) {
            return "";
        }
        return getWalkerType(mySuperClass);
    }

    /**
     * Utility function that finds the values of ReadFilters annotation applied to an instance of class c.
     *
     * @param myClass the class to query for the annotation
     * @param bucket a container in which we store the annotations collected
     * @return a hash set of values, otherwise an empty set
     */
    private HashSet<HashMap<String, Object>> getReadFilters(Class myClass,
            HashSet<HashMap<String, Object>> bucket) {
        //
        // Retrieve annotation
        if (myClass.isAnnotationPresent(ReadFilters.class)) {
            final Annotation thisAnnotation = myClass.getAnnotation(ReadFilters.class);
            if (thisAnnotation instanceof ReadFilters) {
                final ReadFilters rfAnnotation = (ReadFilters) thisAnnotation;
                for (Class<?> filter : rfAnnotation.value()) {
                    // make hashmap of simplename and url
                    final HashMap<String, Object> nugget = new HashMap<String, Object>();
                    nugget.put("name", filter.getSimpleName());
                    nugget.put("filename", GATKDocUtils.htmlFilenameForClass(filter));
                    bucket.add(nugget);
                }
            }
        }
        // Look up superclasses recursively
        final Class mySuperClass = myClass.getSuperclass();
        if (mySuperClass.getSimpleName().equals("Object")) {
            return bucket;
        }
        return getReadFilters(mySuperClass, bucket);
    }

    /**
     * Utility function that finds the value of fieldName in any fields of ArgumentCollection fields in
     * instance of class c.
     *
     * @param instance  the object to query for the field value
     * @param fieldName the name of the field we are looking for in instance
     * @return The value assigned to field in the ArgumentCollection, otherwise null
     */
    private Object getFieldValue(Object instance, String fieldName) {
        //
        // subtle note.  If you have a field named X that is an ArgumentCollection that
        // contains a field X as well, you need only consider fields in the argumentCollection, not
        // matching the argument itself.
        //
        // @ArgumentCollection
        // protected DbsnpArgumentCollection dbsnp = new DbsnpArgumentCollection();
        //

        for (Field field : JVMUtils.getAllFields(instance.getClass())) {
            if (field.isAnnotationPresent(ArgumentCollection.class)) {
                //System.out.printf("Searching for %s in argument collection field %s%n", fieldName, field);
                Object fieldValue = JVMUtils.getFieldValue(field, instance);
                Object value = getFieldValue(fieldValue, fieldName);
                if (value != null)
                    return value;
            } else if (field.getName().equals(fieldName)) {
                return JVMUtils.getFieldValue(field, instance);
            }
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Pretty prints value
     * <p/>
     * Assumes value != null
     *
     * @param value
     * @return
     */
    private Object prettyPrintValueString(Object value) {
        if (value.getClass().isArray()) {
            Class type = value.getClass().getComponentType();
            if (boolean.class.isAssignableFrom(type))
                return Arrays.toString((boolean[]) value);
            if (byte.class.isAssignableFrom(type))
                return Arrays.toString((byte[]) value);
            if (char.class.isAssignableFrom(type))
                return Arrays.toString((char[]) value);
            if (double.class.isAssignableFrom(type))
                return Arrays.toString((double[]) value);
            if (float.class.isAssignableFrom(type))
                return Arrays.toString((float[]) value);
            if (int.class.isAssignableFrom(type))
                return Arrays.toString((int[]) value);
            if (long.class.isAssignableFrom(type))
                return Arrays.toString((long[]) value);
            if (short.class.isAssignableFrom(type))
                return Arrays.toString((short[]) value);
            if (Object.class.isAssignableFrom(type))
                return Arrays.toString((Object[]) value);
            else
                throw new RuntimeException(
                        "Unexpected array type in prettyPrintValue.  Value was " + value + " type is " + type);
        } else if (RodBinding.class.isAssignableFrom(value.getClass())) {
            // annoying special case to handle the UnBound() constructor
            return "none";
        } else if (value instanceof String) {
            return value.equals("") ? "\"\"" : value;
        } else {
            return value.toString();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Attempt to instantiate class c, if possible.  Returns null if this proves impossible.
     *
     * @param c
     * @return
     */
    private Object makeInstanceIfPossible(Class c) {
        Object instance = null;
        try {
            // don't try to make something where we will obviously fail
            if (!c.isEnum() && !c.isAnnotation() && !c.isAnonymousClass() && !c.isArray()
                    && !c.isPrimitive() & JVMUtils.isConcrete(c)) {
                instance = c.newInstance();
                //System.out.printf("Created object of class %s => %s%n", c, instance);
                return instance;
            } else
                return null;
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
        } catch (InstantiationException e) {
        } catch (ExceptionInInitializerError e) {
        } catch (SecurityException e) {
        }
        // this last one is super dangerous, but some of these methods catch ClassNotFoundExceptions
        // and rethrow then as RuntimeExceptions
        catch (RuntimeException e) {
        }

        return instance;
    }

    /**
     * Create an instance of the GATK parsing engine, for argument processing with GATKDoclet
     *
     * @return
     */
    private ParsingEngine createStandardGATKParsingEngine() {
        CommandLineProgram clp = new CommandLineGATK();
        try {
            CommandLineProgram.start(clp, new String[] {}, true);
            return clp.parser;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Gets the javadocs associated with field name in classDoc.  Throws a
     * runtime exception if this proves impossible.
     *
     * @param classDoc
     * @param name
     * @return
     */
    private FieldDoc getFieldDoc(ClassDoc classDoc, String name) {
        return getFieldDoc(classDoc, name, true);
    }

    /**
     * Recursive helper routine to getFieldDoc()
     *
     * @param classDoc
     * @param name
     * @param primary
     * @return
     */
    private FieldDoc getFieldDoc(ClassDoc classDoc, String name, boolean primary) {
        //System.out.printf("Looking for %s in %s%n", name, classDoc.name());
        for (FieldDoc fieldDoc : classDoc.fields(false)) {
            //System.out.printf("fieldDoc " + fieldDoc + " name " + fieldDoc.name());
            if (fieldDoc.name().equals(name))
                return fieldDoc;

            Field field = DocletUtils.getFieldForFieldDoc(fieldDoc);
            if (field == null)
                throw new RuntimeException("Could not find the field corresponding to " + fieldDoc
                        + ", presumably because the field is inaccessible");
            if (field.isAnnotationPresent(ArgumentCollection.class)) {
                ClassDoc typeDoc = getRootDoc().classNamed(fieldDoc.type().qualifiedTypeName());
                if (typeDoc == null)
                    throw new ReviewedGATKException("Tried to get javadocs for ArgumentCollection field " + fieldDoc
                            + " but could't find the class in the RootDoc");
                else {
                    FieldDoc result = getFieldDoc(typeDoc, name, false);
                    if (result != null)
                        return result;
                    // else keep searching
                }
            }
        }

        // if we didn't find it here, wander up to the superclass to find the field
        if (classDoc.superclass() != null) {
            return getFieldDoc(classDoc.superclass(), name, false);
        }

        if (primary)
            throw new RuntimeException("No field found for expected field " + name);
        else
            return null;
    }

    /**
     * Returns a Pair of (main, synonym) names for argument with fullName s1 and
     * shortName s2.
     *
     * Previously we had it so the main name was selected to be the longest of the two, provided
     * it didn't exceed MAX_DISPLAY_NAME, in which case the shorter was taken. But we now disable
     * the length-based name rearrangement in order to maintain consistency in the GATKDocs table.
     *
     * This may cause messed up spacing in the CLI-help display but we don't care as much about that
     * since more users use the online GATKDocs for looking up arguments.
     *
     * @param s1 the short argument name without -, or null if not provided
     * @param s2 the long argument name without --, or null if not provided
     * @return A pair of fully qualified names (with - or --) for the argument.  The first
     *         element is the primary display name while the second (potentially null) is a
     *         synonymous name.
     */
    Pair<String, String> displayNames(String s1, String s2) {
        s1 = s1 == null ? null : "-" + s1;
        s2 = s2 == null ? null : "--" + s2;

        if (s1 == null)
            return new Pair<String, String>(s2, null);
        if (s2 == null)
            return new Pair<String, String>(s1, null);

        return new Pair<String, String>(s2, s1);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a human readable string that describes the Type type of a GATK argument.
     * <p/>
     * This will include parameterized types, so that Set{T} shows up as Set(T) and not
     * just Set in the docs.
     *
     * @param type
     * @return
     */
    protected String argumentTypeString(Type type) {
        if (type instanceof ParameterizedType) {
            ParameterizedType parameterizedType = (ParameterizedType) type;
            List<String> subs = new ArrayList<String>();
            for (Type actualType : parameterizedType.getActualTypeArguments())
                subs.add(argumentTypeString(actualType));
            return argumentTypeString(((ParameterizedType) type).getRawType()) + "[" + Utils.join(",", subs) + "]";
        } else if (type instanceof GenericArrayType) {
            return argumentTypeString(((GenericArrayType) type).getGenericComponentType()) + "[]";
        } else if (type instanceof WildcardType) {
            throw new RuntimeException("We don't support wildcards in arguments: " + type);
        } else if (type instanceof Class<?>) {
            return ((Class) type).getSimpleName();
        } else {
            throw new GATKException("Unknown type: " + type);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Helper routine that returns the Feature.class required by a RodBinding,
     * either T for RodBinding{T} or List{RodBinding{T}}.  Returns null if
     * the Type doesn't fit either model.
     *
     * @param type
     * @return
     */
    protected Class<? extends Feature> getFeatureTypeIfPossible(Type type) {
        if (type instanceof ParameterizedType) {
            ParameterizedType paramType = (ParameterizedType) type;
            if (RodBinding.class.isAssignableFrom((Class<?>) paramType.getRawType())) {
                return (Class<? extends Feature>) JVMUtils.getParameterizedTypeClass(type);
            } else {
                for (Type paramtype : paramType.getActualTypeArguments()) {
                    Class<? extends Feature> x = getFeatureTypeIfPossible(paramtype);
                    if (x != null)
                        return x;
                }
            }
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * High-level entry point for creating a FreeMarker map describing the GATK argument
     * source with definition def, with associated javadoc fieldDoc.
     *
     * @param fieldDoc
     * @param source
     * @param def
     * @return a non-null Map binding argument keys with their values
     */
    protected Map<String, Object> docForArgument(FieldDoc fieldDoc, ArgumentSource source, ArgumentDefinition def) {
        Map<String, Object> root = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        Pair<String, String> names = displayNames(def.shortName, def.fullName);

        root.put("name", names.getFirst());

        if (names.getSecond() != null)
            root.put("synonyms", names.getSecond());

        root.put("required", def.required ? "yes" : "no");

        // type of the field
        root.put("type", argumentTypeString(source.field.getGenericType()));

        Class<? extends Feature> featureClass = getFeatureTypeIfPossible(source.field.getGenericType());
        if (featureClass != null) {
            // deal with the allowable types
            FeatureManager manager = new FeatureManager();
            List<String> rodTypes = new ArrayList<String>();
            for (FeatureManager.FeatureDescriptor descriptor : manager.getByFeature(featureClass)) {
                rodTypes.add(String.format("<a href=%s>%s</a>",
                        GATKDocUtils.htmlFilenameForClass(descriptor.getCodecClass()), descriptor.getName()));
            }

            root.put("rodTypes", Utils.join(", ", rodTypes));
        }

        // summary and fulltext
        root.put("summary", def.doc != null ? def.doc : "");
        root.put("fulltext", fieldDoc.commentText());

        // What are our enum options?
        if (def.validOptions != null)
            root.put("options", docForEnumArgument(source.field.getType()));

        // general attributes
        List<String> attributes = new ArrayList<String>();
        if (def.required)
            attributes.add("required");
        if (source.isDeprecated())
            attributes.add("deprecated");
        if (attributes.size() > 0)
            root.put("attributes", Utils.join(", ", attributes));

        return root;
    }

    /**
     * Helper routine that provides a FreeMarker map for an enumClass, grabbing the
     * values of the enum and their associated javadoc documentation.
     *
     * @param enumClass
     * @return
     */
    @Requires("enumClass.isEnum()")
    private List<Map<String, Object>> docForEnumArgument(final Class enumClass) {
        final ClassDoc doc = this.getDoclet().getClassDocForClass(enumClass);
        if (doc == null)
            throw new RuntimeException("Tried to get docs for enum " + enumClass + " but got null instead");

        final Set<String> enumConstantFieldNames = enumConstantsNames(enumClass);

        final List<Map<String, Object>> bindings = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
        for (final FieldDoc fieldDoc : doc.fields(false)) {
            if (enumConstantFieldNames.contains(fieldDoc.name()))
                bindings.add(new HashMap<String, Object>() {
                    {
                        put("name", fieldDoc.name());
                        put("summary", fieldDoc.commentText());
                    }
                });
        }

        return bindings;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the name of the fields that are enum constants according to reflection
     *
     * @return a non-null set of fields that are enum constants
     */
    private Set<String> enumConstantsNames(final Class enumClass) {
        final Set<String> enumConstantFieldNames = new HashSet<String>();

        for (final Field field : enumClass.getFields()) {
            if (field.isEnumConstant())
                enumConstantFieldNames.add(field.getName());
        }

        return enumConstantFieldNames;
    }
}