Java tutorial
/* Essential Java 3D Fast Ian Palmer Publisher: Springer-Verlag ISBN: 1-85233-394-4 */ import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Button; import java.awt.Frame; import java.awt.Panel; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.Locale; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.Node; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalBody; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalEnvironment; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.View; import javax.media.j3d.ViewPlatform; import javax.media.j3d.VirtualUniverse; import javax.vecmath.AxisAngle4d; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Box; /** * This program uses AWT buttons to allow the user to rotate an object. This is * achieved by altering the transform of a transform group. * * @author I.J.Palmer * @version 1.0 */ public class SimpleTransform extends Frame implements ActionListener { protected Canvas3D myCanvas3D = new Canvas3D(null); /** The exit button */ protected Button exitButton = new Button("Exit"); /** The rotate left button */ protected Button leftButton = new Button("<-"); /** The rotate right button */ protected Button rightButton = new Button("->"); /** The transform group used to rotate the shape */ protected TransformGroup rotationGroup; /** * This function builds the view branch of the scene graph. It creates a * branch group and then creates the necessary view elements to give a * useful view of our content. * * @param c * Canvas3D that will display the view * @return BranchGroup that is the root of the view elements */ protected BranchGroup buildViewBranch(Canvas3D c) { BranchGroup viewBranch = new BranchGroup(); Transform3D viewXfm = new Transform3D(); viewXfm.set(new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 10.0f)); TransformGroup viewXfmGroup = new TransformGroup(viewXfm); ViewPlatform myViewPlatform = new ViewPlatform(); PhysicalBody myBody = new PhysicalBody(); PhysicalEnvironment myEnvironment = new PhysicalEnvironment(); viewXfmGroup.addChild(myViewPlatform); viewBranch.addChild(viewXfmGroup); View myView = new View(); myView.addCanvas3D(c); myView.attachViewPlatform(myViewPlatform); myView.setPhysicalBody(myBody); myView.setPhysicalEnvironment(myEnvironment); return viewBranch; } /** * Add some lights so that we can illuminate the scene. This adds one * ambient light to bring up the overall lighting level and one directional * shape to show the shape of the objects in the scene. * * @param b * BranchGroup that the lights are to be added to. */ protected void addLights(BranchGroup b) { BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), 100.0); Color3f ambLightColour = new Color3f(0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f); AmbientLight ambLight = new AmbientLight(ambLightColour); ambLight.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); Color3f dirLightColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); Vector3f dirLightDir = new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); DirectionalLight dirLight = new DirectionalLight(dirLightColour, dirLightDir); dirLight.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); b.addChild(ambLight); b.addChild(dirLight); } /** * This builds the content branch of our scene graph. The root of the shapes * supplied as a parameter is slightly tilted to reveal its 3D shape. It * also uses the addLights function to add some lights to the scene. The * group that the shape is added to has its capabilities set so that we can * read and write it. * * @param shape * Node that represents the geometry for the content * @return BranchGroup that is the root of the content branch */ protected BranchGroup buildContentBranch(Node shape) { BranchGroup contentBranch = new BranchGroup(); Transform3D rotateCube = new Transform3D(); rotateCube.set(new AxisAngle4d(1.0, 1.0, 0.0, Math.PI / 4.0)); rotationGroup = new TransformGroup(rotateCube); //Set the capabilities so that the transform can be accessed rotationGroup.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ); rotationGroup.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE); contentBranch.addChild(rotationGroup); rotationGroup.addChild(shape); addLights(contentBranch); return contentBranch; } /** * This defines the shapes used in the scene. It creates a simple cube using * a Box utility class. * * @return Node that is the root of the shape hierarchy. */ protected Node buildShape() { Appearance app = new Appearance(); Color3f ambientColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); Color3f emissiveColour = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); Color3f specularColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); Color3f diffuseColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); float shininess = 20.0f; app.setMaterial(new Material(ambientColour, emissiveColour, diffuseColour, specularColour, shininess)); return new Box(2.0f, 2.0f, 2.0f, app); } /** * This processes the AWT events and performs the appropriate operations. * The exit button causes the program to terminate, the left button causes a * rotation to be applied to the shape's transformation to spin it to the * left and the right has the similar effect but to the right button. * * @param e * ActionEvent that has been performed */ public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { if (e.getSource() == exitButton) { dispose(); System.exit(0); } else if (e.getSource() == leftButton) { //Create a temporary transform Transform3D temp = new Transform3D(); //Read the transform from the shape rotationGroup.getTransform(temp); //Create a rotation that will be applied Transform3D tempDelta = new Transform3D(); tempDelta.rotY(-0.3); //Apply the rotation temp.mul(tempDelta); //Write the value back into the scene graph rotationGroup.setTransform(temp); } else if (e.getSource() == rightButton) { //Do the same for the right rotation Transform3D temp = new Transform3D(); rotationGroup.getTransform(temp); Transform3D tempDelta = new Transform3D(); tempDelta.rotY(0.3); temp.mul(tempDelta); rotationGroup.setTransform(temp); } } public SimpleTransform() { VirtualUniverse myUniverse = new VirtualUniverse(); Locale myLocale = new Locale(myUniverse); myLocale.addBranchGraph(buildViewBranch(myCanvas3D)); myLocale.addBranchGraph(buildContentBranch(buildShape())); setTitle("SimpleWorld"); setSize(400, 400); setLayout(new BorderLayout()); Panel bottom = new Panel(); bottom.add(leftButton); bottom.add(rightButton); bottom.add(exitButton); add(BorderLayout.CENTER, myCanvas3D); add(BorderLayout.SOUTH, bottom); exitButton.addActionListener(this); leftButton.addActionListener(this); rightButton.addActionListener(this); setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args) { SimpleTransform st = new SimpleTransform(); } }