Java tutorial
/* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. */ import java.io.DataInputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.jar.JarFile; import java.util.zip.ZipEntry; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.Enumeration; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; /** * This class contains utility methods to manipulate Java classes. * * @author <a href="mailto:stephane@hillion.org">Stephane Hillion</a> * @version $Id: ClassFileUtilities.java 599691 2007-11-30 03:37:58Z cam $ */ public class ClassFileUtilities { // Constant pool info tags public static final byte CONSTANT_UTF8_INFO = 1; public static final byte CONSTANT_INTEGER_INFO = 3; public static final byte CONSTANT_FLOAT_INFO = 4; public static final byte CONSTANT_LONG_INFO = 5; public static final byte CONSTANT_DOUBLE_INFO = 6; public static final byte CONSTANT_CLASS_INFO = 7; public static final byte CONSTANT_STRING_INFO = 8; public static final byte CONSTANT_FIELDREF_INFO = 9; public static final byte CONSTANT_METHODREF_INFO = 10; public static final byte CONSTANT_INTERFACEMETHODREF_INFO = 11; public static final byte CONSTANT_NAMEANDTYPE_INFO = 12; /** * This class does not need to be instantiated. */ protected ClassFileUtilities() { } /** * Program that computes the dependencies between the Batik jars. * <p> * Run this from the main Batik distribution directory, after building * the jars. For every jar file in the batik-xxx/ build directory, * it will determine which other jar files it directly depends on. * The output is lines of the form: * </p> * <pre> <i>number</i>,<i>from</i>,<i>to</i></pre> * <p> * where mean that the <i>from</i> jar has <i>number</i> class files * that depend on class files in the <i>to</i> jar. * </p> */ public static void main(String[] args) { boolean showFiles = false; if (args.length == 1 && args[0].equals("-f")) { showFiles = true; } else if (args.length != 0) { System.err.println("usage: ClassFileUtilities [-f]"); System.err.println(); System.err.println(" -f list files that cause each jar file dependency"); System.exit(1); } File cwd = new File("."); File buildDir = null; String[] cwdFiles = cwd.list(); for (int i = 0; i < cwdFiles.length; i++) { if (cwdFiles[i].startsWith("batik-")) { buildDir = new File(cwdFiles[i]); if (!buildDir.isDirectory()) { buildDir = null; } else { break; } } } if (buildDir == null || !buildDir.isDirectory()) { System.out.println("Directory 'batik-xxx' not found in current directory!"); return; } try { Map cs = new HashMap(); Map js = new HashMap(); collectJars(buildDir, js, cs); Set classpath = new HashSet(); Iterator i = js.values().iterator(); while (i.hasNext()) { classpath.add(((Jar) i.next()).jarFile); } i = cs.values().iterator(); while (i.hasNext()) { ClassFile fromFile = (ClassFile) i.next(); // System.out.println(fromFile.name); Set result = getClassDependencies(fromFile.getInputStream(), classpath, false); Iterator j = result.iterator(); while (j.hasNext()) { ClassFile toFile = (ClassFile) cs.get(j.next()); if (fromFile != toFile && toFile != null) { fromFile.deps.add(toFile); } } } i = cs.values().iterator(); while (i.hasNext()) { ClassFile fromFile = (ClassFile) i.next(); Iterator j = fromFile.deps.iterator(); while (j.hasNext()) { ClassFile toFile = (ClassFile) j.next(); Jar fromJar = fromFile.jar; Jar toJar = toFile.jar; if (fromFile.name.equals(toFile.name) || toJar == fromJar || fromJar.files.contains(toFile.name)) { continue; } Integer n = (Integer) fromJar.deps.get(toJar); if (n == null) { fromJar.deps.put(toJar, new Integer(1)); } else { fromJar.deps.put(toJar, new Integer(n.intValue() + 1)); } } } List triples = new ArrayList(10); i = js.values().iterator(); while (i.hasNext()) { Jar fromJar = (Jar) i.next(); Iterator j = fromJar.deps.keySet().iterator(); while (j.hasNext()) { Jar toJar = (Jar) j.next(); Triple t = new Triple(); t.from = fromJar; t.to = toJar; t.count = ((Integer) fromJar.deps.get(toJar)).intValue(); triples.add(t); } } Collections.sort(triples); i = triples.iterator(); while (i.hasNext()) { Triple t = (Triple) i.next(); System.out.println(t.count + "," + t.from.name + "," + t.to.name); if (showFiles) { Iterator j = t.from.files.iterator(); while (j.hasNext()) { ClassFile fromFile = (ClassFile) j.next(); Iterator k = fromFile.deps.iterator(); while (k.hasNext()) { ClassFile toFile = (ClassFile) k.next(); if (toFile.jar == t.to && !t.from.files.contains(toFile.name)) { System.out.println("\t" + fromFile.name + " --> " + toFile.name); } } } } } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } protected static class ClassFile { public String name; public List deps = new ArrayList(10); public Jar jar; public InputStream getInputStream() throws IOException { return jar.jarFile.getInputStream(jar.jarFile.getEntry(name)); } } protected static class Jar { public String name; public File file; public JarFile jarFile; public Map deps = new HashMap(); public Set files = new HashSet(); } protected static class Triple implements Comparable { public Jar from; public Jar to; public int count; public int compareTo(Object o) { return ((Triple) o).count - count; } } private static void collectJars(File dir, Map jars, Map classFiles) throws IOException { File[] files = dir.listFiles(); for (int i = 0; i < files.length; i++) { String n = files[i].getName(); if (n.endsWith(".jar") && files[i].isFile()) { Jar j = new Jar(); j.name = files[i].getPath(); j.file = files[i]; j.jarFile = new JarFile(files[i]); jars.put(j.name, j); Enumeration entries = j.jarFile.entries(); while (entries.hasMoreElements()) { ZipEntry ze = (ZipEntry) entries.nextElement(); String name = ze.getName(); if (name.endsWith(".class")) { ClassFile cf = new ClassFile(); cf.name = name; cf.jar = j; classFiles.put(j.name + '!' + cf.name, cf); j.files.add(cf); } } } else if (files[i].isDirectory()) { collectJars(files[i], jars, classFiles); } } } /** * Returns the dependencies of the given class. * @param path The root class path. * @param classpath The set of directories (Strings) to scan. * @param rec Whether to follow dependencies recursively. * @return a list of paths representing the used classes. */ public static Set getClassDependencies(String path, Set classpath, boolean rec) throws IOException { return getClassDependencies(new FileInputStream(path), classpath, rec); } public static Set getClassDependencies(InputStream is, Set classpath, boolean rec) throws IOException { Set result = new HashSet(); Set done = new HashSet(); computeClassDependencies(is, classpath, done, result, rec); return result; } private static void computeClassDependencies(InputStream is, Set classpath, Set done, Set result, boolean rec) throws IOException { Iterator it = getClassDependencies(is).iterator(); while (it.hasNext()) { String s = (String) it.next(); if (!done.contains(s)) { done.add(s); Iterator cpit = classpath.iterator(); while (cpit.hasNext()) { InputStream depis = null; String path = null; Object cpEntry = cpit.next(); if (cpEntry instanceof JarFile) { JarFile jarFile = (JarFile) cpEntry; String classFileName = s + ".class"; ZipEntry ze = jarFile.getEntry(classFileName); if (ze != null) { path = jarFile.getName() + '!' + classFileName; depis = jarFile.getInputStream(ze); } } else { path = ((String) cpEntry) + '/' + s + ".class"; File f = new File(path); if (f.isFile()) { depis = new FileInputStream(f); } } if (depis != null) { result.add(path); if (rec) { computeClassDependencies(depis, classpath, done, result, rec); } } } } } } /** * Returns the dependencies of the given class. * @return a list of strings representing the used classes. */ public static Set getClassDependencies(InputStream is) throws IOException { DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(is); if (dis.readInt() != 0xcafebabe) { throw new IOException("Invalid classfile"); } dis.readInt(); int len = dis.readShort(); String[] strs = new String[len]; Set classes = new HashSet(); Set desc = new HashSet(); for (int i = 1; i < len; i++) { int constCode = dis.readByte() & 0xff; switch (constCode) { case CONSTANT_LONG_INFO: case CONSTANT_DOUBLE_INFO: dis.readLong(); i++; break; case CONSTANT_FIELDREF_INFO: case CONSTANT_METHODREF_INFO: case CONSTANT_INTERFACEMETHODREF_INFO: case CONSTANT_INTEGER_INFO: case CONSTANT_FLOAT_INFO: dis.readInt(); break; case CONSTANT_CLASS_INFO: classes.add(new Integer(dis.readShort() & 0xffff)); break; case CONSTANT_STRING_INFO: dis.readShort(); break; case CONSTANT_NAMEANDTYPE_INFO: dis.readShort(); desc.add(new Integer(dis.readShort() & 0xffff)); break; case CONSTANT_UTF8_INFO: strs[i] = dis.readUTF(); break; default: throw new RuntimeException("unexpected data in constant-pool:" + constCode); } } Set result = new HashSet(); Iterator it = classes.iterator(); while (it.hasNext()) { result.add(strs[((Integer) it.next()).intValue()]); } it = desc.iterator(); while (it.hasNext()) { result.addAll(getDescriptorClasses(strs[((Integer) it.next()).intValue()])); } return result; } /** * Returns the classes contained in a field or method desciptor. */ protected static Set getDescriptorClasses(String desc) { Set result = new HashSet(); int i = 0; char c = desc.charAt(i); switch (c) { case '(': loop: for (;;) { c = desc.charAt(++i); switch (c) { case '[': do { c = desc.charAt(++i); } while (c == '['); if (c != 'L') { break; } case 'L': c = desc.charAt(++i); StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); while (c != ';') { sb.append(c); c = desc.charAt(++i); } result.add(sb.toString()); break; default: break; case ')': break loop; } } c = desc.charAt(++i); switch (c) { case '[': do { c = desc.charAt(++i); } while (c == '['); if (c != 'L') { break; } case 'L': c = desc.charAt(++i); StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); while (c != ';') { sb.append(c); c = desc.charAt(++i); } result.add(sb.toString()); break; default: case 'V': } break; case '[': do { c = desc.charAt(++i); } while (c == '['); if (c != 'L') { break; } case 'L': c = desc.charAt(++i); StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); while (c != ';') { sb.append(c); c = desc.charAt(++i); } result.add(sb.toString()); break; default: } return result; } }