There are three elements that every table must contain:
table, tr, and td.
table with local attributes border
marks a table in an HTML document.
table element can have
caption, colgroup, thead, tbody, tfoot, tr, th, and td
elements.
The summary, align, width, bgcolor, cellpadding, cellspacing, frame, and rules
attributes for table element are obsolete.
The value of the border attribute must be 1.
The thickness of the border must then be set using CSS.
tr element denotes a table row.
HTML tables are row oriented and you must denote each row separately.
tr element can be used inside table, thead,
tfoot, and tbody elements.
tr element can contains one or more td or th elements.
The align, char, charoff, valign, and bgcolor attributes are obsolete.
You must use CSS instead.
td with colspan, rowspan, headers local attributes
denotes a table cell.
The scope attribute is obsolete.
Use the scope attribute on the th element instead.
The abbr, axis, align, width, char, charoff, valign, bgcolor, height,
and nowrap attributes are obsolete, and you must use CSS instead.
You can combine them to create tables, as shown in the following code.
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<body>
<table>
<tr>
<td>A</td>
<td>B</td>
<td>C</td>
</tr><!--from ww w . ja v a2s . c o m-->
<tr>
<td>D</td>
<td>E</td>
<td>F</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>Adding Some Longer Cell Content
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<body>
<table>
<tr>
<td>A</td>
<td>G</td>
<td>M</td>
</tr><!--from w w w .ja v a2 s . c om-->
<tr>
<td>O</td>
<td>O</td>
<td>L</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>E</td>
<td>Long cell</td>
<td>V</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
The thead element defines one or more rows
that are the column labels for a table element.
Without the thead element, all of your tr elements are
assumed to belong to the body of the table.
The align, char, charoff, and valign attributes are obsolete.
The following code shows the addition of the thead
element to the example table.
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<style>
thead th {<!--from w ww. ja v a2s. c o m-->
text-align: left;
background: grey;
color: white
}
tbody th {
text-align: right;
background: lightgrey;
color: grey
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>A</th>
<th>B</th>
<th>C</th>
<th>D</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Favorite:</th>
<td>XML</td>
<td>HTML</td>
<td>CSS</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>2nd Favorite:</th>
<td>Java</td>
<td>Javascript</td>
<td>Oracle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>3rd Favorite:</th>
<td>C#</td>
<td>MySQL</td>
<td>PHP</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>
The th element marks a header cell,
allowing us to differentiate between data and its descriptions.
th element's parent is tr element.
It has local Attributes:colspan, rowspan, scope, headers.
The abbr, axis, align, width, char, charoff,
valign, bgcolor, height, and nowrap attributes are obsolete,
and you must use CSS instead.
The following code adds header cells to a table.
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<body>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Rank</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Color</th>
<th>Size</th>
</tr><!-- www . ja v a2s . c o m-->
<tr>
<th>Favorite:</th>
<td>Apples</td>
<td>Green</td>
<td>Medium</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>2nd Favorite:</th>
<td>Oranges</td>
<td>Orange</td>
<td>Large</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>3rd Favorite:</th>
<td>Pomegranate</td>
<td>A kind of greeny-red</td>
<td>Varies from medium to large</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
The th and td elements are mixed together in a row.
It adds vertical header and row header to the table.
The tbody element marks the rows for table body
as opposed to the header and footer rows.
The align, char, charoff, and valign attributes are obsolete.
Most browsers automatically insert the tbody
element when they process a table element, even if it has not been
specified in the document.
CSS selectors that depend on table layout as written can fail.
For example, a selector such as table > tr won't work, because
the browser has inserted a tbody element between the table
and tr elements.
To address this, you must use a selector
such as table > tbody > tr, table tr (no > character),
or even just tbody > tr.
The following code shows the addition of tbody element to the example table.
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<style>
thead th {<!-- w ww . j av a 2s . com-->
text-align: left;
background: grey;
color: white
}
tbody th {
text-align: right;
background: lightgrey;
color: grey
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Favorite:</th>
<td>XML</td>
<td>HTML</td>
<td>CSS</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>2nd Favorite:</th>
<td>Java</td>
<td>Javascript</td>
<td>Oracle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>3rd Favorite:</th>
<td>C#</td>
<td>MySQL</td>
<td>PHP</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>
The tfoot element marks the table footer.
The tfoot element can appear before or
after the tbody or tr elements.
The align, char, charoff, and valign attributes are obsolete.
Prior to HTML5, the tfoot element had to appear
before the tbody element.
In HTML5, you can put the tfooter element after the tbody
or the last tr element.
The following code shows how the tfoot element can be used to create a
footer for a table element.
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<style>
thead th, tfoot th {<!--from ww w. ja va2 s . c o m-->
text-align: left;
background: grey;
color: white
}
tbody th {
text-align: right;
background: lightgrey;
color: grey
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Rank</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Color</th>
<th>Size</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<th>Rank Footer</th>
<th>Name Footer</th>
<th>Color Footer</th>
<th>Size Footer</th>
</tr>
</tfoot>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Favorite:</th>
<td>XML</td>
<td>HTML</td>
<td>CSS</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>2nd Favorite:</th>
<td>Java</td>
<td>Javacript</td>
<td>Oracle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>3rd Favorite:</th>
<td>Json</td>
<td>Text</td>
<td>CSV</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>