boolean() takes an object as its argument and returns a Boolean value.
If the argument is a number, true is returned if the number is not zero or NaN.
If the argument is a node-set, true is returned if the node-set is not empty.
If the argument is a string, true is returned if the string is not empty.
false() takes no argument and returns the Boolean value false
lang() takes a string argument.
Returns true if the language of the node is the language indicated by the string argument or one of its sublanguages.
not() takes a Boolean expression as its argument
true() has no argument and returns the Boolean value true