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SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
  2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE)         NOT NULL,
  3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  5    Start_Date         DATE,
  6    End_Date           DATE,
  7    Salary             Number(8,2),
  8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
 10  )
 11  /

Table created.

SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2               values ('01','Jason',    'Martin',  to_date('19960725','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('20060725','YYYYMMDD'), 1234.56, 'Toronto',  'Programmer')
  3  /

1 row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values('02','Alison',   'Mathews', to_date('19760321','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19860221','YYYYMMDD'), 6661.78, 'Vancouver','Tester')
  3  /

1 row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values('03','James',    'Smith',   to_date('19781212','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19900315','YYYYMMDD'), 6544.78, 'Vancouver','Tester')
  3  /

1 row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values('04','Celia',    'Rice',    to_date('19821024','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19990421','YYYYMMDD'), 2344.78, 'Vancouver','Manager')
  3  /

1 row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values('05','Robert',   'Black',   to_date('19840115','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19980808','YYYYMMDD'), 2334.78, 'Vancouver','Tester')
  3  /

1 row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values('06','Linda',    'Green',   to_date('19870730','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19960104','YYYYMMDD'), 4322.78,'New York',  'Tester')
  3  /

1 row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values('07','David',    'Larry',   to_date('19901231','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19980212','YYYYMMDD'), 7897.78,'New York',  'Manager')
  3  /

1 row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values('08','James',    'Cat',     to_date('19960917','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('20020415','YYYYMMDD'), 1232.78,'Vancouver', 'Tester')
  3  /

1 row created.

SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
  2  /

ID   FIRST_NAME           LAST_NAME            START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason                Martin               25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02   Alison               Mathews              21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03   James                Smith                12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04   Celia                Rice                 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05   Robert               Black                15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06   Linda                Green                30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David                Larry                31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James                Cat                  17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester

8 rows selected.

SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE EmployeePackage AS
  2    PROCEDURE AddEmployee(p_EmployeeID    IN Employee.id%TYPE,
  3                          p_first_name    IN Employee.first_name%TYPE,
  4                          p_last_name     IN Employee.last_name%TYPE);
  5
  6    -- Removes the specified student from the specified class.
  7    PROCEDURE RemoveEmployee(p_EmployeeID  IN Employee.id%TYPE,
  8                             p_first_name    IN Employee.first_name%TYPE,
  9                             p_last_name     IN Employee.last_name%TYPE);
 10
 11    -- Exception raised by RemoveEmployee.
 12    e_EmployeeNotRegistered EXCEPTION;
 13
 14    -- Table type used to hold student info.
 15    TYPE t_EmployeeIDTable IS TABLE OF Employee.id%TYPE INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;
 16
 17    -- Returns a PL/SQL table containing the Employee currently
 18    -- in the specified class.
 19    PROCEDURE EmployeeList(p_first_name  IN  Employee.first_name%TYPE,
 20                           p_last_name   IN  Employee.last_name%TYPE,
 21                           p_IDs         OUT t_EmployeeIDTable,
 22                           p_NumEmployees IN OUT BINARY_INTEGER);
 23  END EmployeePackage;
 24  /

SP2-0808: Package created with compilation warnings

SQL>
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY EmployeePackage AS
  2    PROCEDURE AddEmployee(p_EmployeeID    IN Employee.id%TYPE,
  3                          p_first_name    IN Employee.first_name%TYPE,
  4                          p_last_name     IN Employee.last_name%TYPE) IS
  5    BEGIN
  6      INSERT INTO Employee (id, first_name, last_name) VALUES (p_EmployeeID, p_first_name, p_last_name);
  7      COMMIT;
  8    END AddEmployee;
  9
 10    PROCEDURE RemoveEmployee(p_EmployeeID    IN Employee.id%TYPE,
 11                             p_first_name    IN Employee.first_name%TYPE,
 12                             p_last_name     IN Employee.last_name%TYPE) IS
 13    BEGIN
 14      DELETE FROM Employee
 15        WHERE id = p_EmployeeID
 16        AND first_name = p_first_name
 17        AND last_name = p_last_name;
 18
 19      -- Check to see if the DELETE operation was successful. If
 20      -- it didn't match any rows, raise an error.
 21      IF SQL%NOTFOUND THEN
 22        RAISE e_EmployeeNotRegistered;
 23      END IF;
 24
 25      COMMIT;
 26    END RemoveEmployee;
 27
 28
 29    -- Returns a PL/SQL table containing the Employee currently
 30    -- in the specified class.
 31    PROCEDURE EmployeeList(p_first_name  IN  Employee.first_name%TYPE,
 32                           p_last_name   IN  Employee.last_name%TYPE,
 33                           p_IDs         OUT t_EmployeeIDTable,
 34                           p_NumEmployees IN OUT BINARY_INTEGER) IS
 35
 36      v_EmployeeID  Employee.id%TYPE;
 37
 38      -- Local cursor to fetch the registered Employee.
 39      CURSOR c_RegisteredEmployees IS
 40        SELECT id
 41          FROM Employee
 42          WHERE first_name = p_first_name
 43          AND last_name = p_last_name;
 44    BEGIN
 45      /* p_NumEmployees will be the table index. It will start at
 46         0, and be incremented each time through the fetch loop.
 47         At the end of the loop, it will have the number of rows
 48         fetched, and therefore the number of rows returned in
 49         p_IDs. */
 50      p_NumEmployees := 0;
 51
 52      OPEN c_RegisteredEmployees;
 53      LOOP
 54        FETCH c_RegisteredEmployees INTO v_EmployeeID;
 55        EXIT WHEN c_RegisteredEmployees%NOTFOUND;
 56
 57        p_NumEmployees := p_NumEmployees + 1;
 58        p_IDs(p_NumEmployees) := v_EmployeeID;
 59      END LOOP;
 60    END EmployeeList;
 61  END EmployeePackage;
 62  /

SP2-0810: Package Body created with compilation warnings

SQL>
SQL> --Calling a Packaged Procedure
SQL> DECLARE
  2    v_HistoryEmployees EmployeePackage.t_EmployeeIDTable;
  3    v_NumEmployees     BINARY_INTEGER := 20;
  4  BEGIN
  5    EmployeePackage.EmployeeList('James', 'Cat', v_HistoryEmployees,v_NumEmployees);
  6
  7    -- Insert these Employee into temp_table.
  8    FOR v_LoopCounter IN 1..v_NumEmployees LOOP
  9      DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line(v_HistoryEmployees(v_LoopCounter));
 10    END LOOP;
 11  END;
 12  /
08

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
  2  /

Table dropped.

SQL>








27.10.Packages
27.10.1.Packages
27.10.2.Private Versus Public Package Objects
27.10.3.Package State
27.10.4.Recompiling Packages
27.10.5.All packages can be recompiled by using the Oracle utility dbms_utility:
27.10.6.Creating a Package Specification
27.10.7.Creating a Package Body
27.10.8.Creating Packages and call its functions
27.10.9.Calling Functions and Procedures in a Package
27.10.10.A Package Specification and its body
27.10.11.Overloading Packaged Subprograms
27.10.12.Calls procedure in a package
27.10.13.Dropping a Package
27.10.14.Calling a Cursor Declared in a Different Package
27.10.15.Reference fields and methods in package
27.10.16.Controlling access to packages
27.10.17.Globals Stored in a Package
27.10.18.A Subtypes Example
27.10.19.Generate Random number
27.10.20.Crosss reference between two packages
27.10.21.package RECURSION
27.10.22.Using RESTRICT_REFERENCES in a Package
27.10.23.PLS-00452: Subprogram 'GETNAME' violates its associated pragma
27.10.24.Dynamically create packages