Java DateTimeFormatter patterns

Introduction

The following table lists the symbols used in DateTimeFormatter patterns and their meanings.

Symbol
 Description
 Pattern
 Output
G


 Era


 G
GGGG
GGGGG
 AD
Anno Domini
A
u




 Year
After an era start
date, it is a positive number. Before an era start date, it is a
negative number. For example, the year value for 2020 AD
is 2020 and the year value for 2020 BC is -2020.

u/uuu/uuuu
uu
uuuuu


2020
12
02020

y



 Year of era
the year forward or backward from the era start
date. It is always a positive number.
In Common Era, year 0 is 1 BC.
y/yyy/yyyy
yy
yyyyy

2020
12
02020

D
 Day of year (1 -366)
 D
 150
M/L



 Month of year



 M
MM
MMM
MMMM
 5
05
Jul
July
d


 Day of month


 d
dd
ddd
 29
01
001
Q/q



 Quarter of year



 Q
QQ
QQQ
QQQQ
 3
03
Q3
3rd quarter
Y


 Week-based year


 Y
YY
YYY/YYYY
 2020
12
2020
w
 Week of week-based year
 w
 31
W
 Week of month
 W
 5
E



 Day of week



 E
EE
EEE
EEEEE
 7
07
Sun
Sunday
F
 Day of week in month
 F
 1
a
 AM/PM of day
 a
 AM
h
 Clock hour of AM/PM (1-12)
 h
 7
K
 Hour of AM/PM (0-11)
 K
 7
k
 Clock hour of AM/PM (1-24)
 k
 7
H

 Hour of day (0-23)

 H
HH
 7
07
m
 Minute of hour
 mm
 30
s
 Second of minute
 ss
 12
S
 Fraction of second
 SSSSSSSSS
 000000789
A
 Millisecond of day
 A
 27012000
n
 Nanosecond of second
 n
 789
N
 Nanosecond of day
 N
 27012000000789
V
 Time zone ID
 VV
 America/Chicago
z
 Time zone name
 z
 CDT
Z



 Zone offset
When the zone offset is zero, it outputs '+0000' or '+00:00'
depending on whether you use Z, ZZ, or ZZZ.

Z
ZZ
ZZZ
ZZZZ
 -0500
-0500
-05:00
GMT-05:00
O
 Localized zone offset
 O
 GMT-5
X





 Zone offset
It prints Z for the zone offset Zero.




 X
XX
XXX
XXX
XXXX
XXXXX
 '+09'
'+0830'
'+08:30';
-05:00
'+083045'
'+08:30:45'
x

 Same as X, except that it prints '+00' for the zone offset
zero, not 'Z'.
xx

 -0500

p

 Pad next
pads the output of the pattern following it with spaces.
 pppmm

 ' 30'

'

 Escape for text

 'Hello'
'Hello' MMMM
 Hello
Hello July
''
 A single quote
 '''Hello''' MMMM
 'Hello' July
[ ]
 An optional section
 n/a
 n/a
#, {, }
 They are reserved for future use.
 n/a
 n/a
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.time.temporal.Temporal;
import java.util.Locale;

public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    // A pattern with an optional section
    String pattern = "MM/dd/yyyy[ 'at' HH:mm:ss]";
    DateTimeFormatter fmt = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(pattern);


    LocalDateTime ldt = LocalDateTime.now();

    String str1 = fmt.format(ldt);
    System.out.println(str1);/*from w w w . j a va 2 s. com*/

    LocalDate ld = LocalDate.now();
    System.out.println("Formatting date: " + ld);
    format(ld, "M/d/yyyy");
    format(ld, "MM/dd/yyyy");
    format(ld, "MMM dd, yyyy");
    format(ld, "MMMM dd, yyyy");
    format(ld, "EEEE, MMMM dd, yyyy");
    format(ld, "'Month' q 'in' QQQ");
    format(ld, "[MM-dd-yyyy][' at' HH:mm:ss]");

    LocalTime lt = LocalTime.now();
    System.out.println("\nFormatting time:" + lt);
    format(lt, "HH:mm:ss");
    format(lt, "KK:mm:ss a");
    format(lt, "[MM-dd-yyyy][' at' HH:mm:ss]");

    ZonedDateTime zdt = ZonedDateTime.now();
    System.out.println("\nFormatting zoned datetime:" + zdt);
    format(zdt, "MM/dd/yyyy HH:mm:ssXXX");
    format(zdt, "MM/dd/yyyy VV");
    format(zdt, "[MM-dd-yyyy][' at' HH:mm:ss]");
  }

  public static void format(Temporal co, String pattern) {
    DateTimeFormatter fmt = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(pattern, Locale.US);
    String str = fmt.format(co);
    System.out.println(pattern + ": " + str);
  }
}



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