In Python, you code more complex expressions by combining operator expressions.
For instance, the sum of two multiplications might be written as a mix of variables and operators:
A * B + C * D
The following table is ordered by operator precedence: Operators lower in the table have higher precedence.
| Operators | Description |
|---|---|
| yield x | Generator function send protocol |
| lambda args: expression | Anonymous function generation |
| x if y else z | Ternary selection (x is evaluated only if y is true) |
| x or y | Logical OR (y is evaluated only if x is false) |
| x and y | Logical AND (y is evaluated only if x is true) |
| not x | Logical negation |
| x in y, x not in y | Membership (iterables, sets) |
| x is y, x is not y | Object identity tests |
| x < y, x <= y, x > y, x >= y | Magnitude comparison, set subset and super set; |
| x == y, x != y | Value equality operators |
| x | y | Bitwise OR, set union |
| x ^ y | Bitwise XOR, set symmetric difference |
| x & y | Bitwise AND, set intersection |
| x << y, x >> y | Shift x left or right by y bits |
| x + y | Addition, concatenation; |
| x - y | Subtraction, set difference |
| x * y | Multiplication, repetition; |
| x % y | Remainder, format; |
| x / y, x // y | Division: true and floor |
| -x, +x | Negation, identity |
| ~x | Bitwise NOT (inversion) |
| x ** y | Power (exponentiation) |
| x[i] | Indexing (sequence, mapping, others) |
| x[i:j:k] | Slicing |
| x(...) | Call (function, method, class, other callable) |
| x.attr | Attribute reference |
| (...) | Tuple, expression, generator expression |
| [...] | List, list comprehension |
| {...} | Dictionary, set, set and dictionary comprehensions |
Operators in the same row group from left to right when combined.
For example, if you write X + Y * Z, Python evaluates the multiplication first (Y * Z), then adds that result to X.