Oracle SQL - Data Manipulation via Inline Views

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Introduction

You can specify a subquery between parentheses in places where you would normally specify a table or view name.

You can use inline views for data manipulation purposes.

Data manipulation via inline views is especially interesting in combination with updatable join views.

The following code shows an example of an UPDATE command against an inline updatable join view. 

update ( select e.msal
          from   emp   e join
                 departments d using (deptno)
          where  location = 'DALLAS')
set msal = msal + 1;

Here, you can execute UPDATE commands via an inline join view, giving all emp in Dallas a symbolic salary raise.

The UPDATE command does not contain a WHERE clause at all.

The inline view filters the rows to be updated.

Demo

SQL>
SQL> drop table emp;

Table dropped.-- ww  w  .  j a v  a2 s .  c om

SQL> create table emp(
  2  empno      NUMBER(4)    primary key,
  3  ename      VARCHAR2(8)  not null   ,
  4  init       VARCHAR2(5)  not null   ,
  5  job        VARCHAR2(8)             ,
  6  mgr        NUMBER(4)               ,
  7  bdate      DATE         not null   ,
  8  msal       NUMBER(6,2)  not null   ,
  9  comm       NUMBER(6,2)             ,
 10  deptno     NUMBER(2)    default 10) ;
SQL>
SQL> insert into emp values(7001,'SMITH','N',  'TRAINER', 7902,date '1975-12-17',  1800 , NULL, 20);
SQL> insert into emp values(7002,'ALLEN','JAM','SALESREP',7006,date '1971-05-20',  1600, 300,   30);
SQL> insert into emp values(7003,'WARD', 'TF' ,'SALESREP',7006,date '1972-03-02',  1250, 500,   10);
SQL> insert into emp values(7004,'JACK', 'JM', 'MANAGER', 7009,date '1977-04-02',  2975, NULL,  20);
SQL> insert into emp values(7005,'BROWN','P',  'SALESREP',7006,date '1976-09-28',  1250, 1400,  30);
SQL> insert into emp values(7006,'BLAKE','R',  'MANAGER', 7009,date '1973-11-01',  2850, NULL,  10);
SQL> insert into emp values(7007,'CLARK','AB', 'MANAGER', 7009,date '1975-06-09',  2450, NULL,  10);
SQL> insert into emp values(7008,'SCOTT','DEF','TRAINER', 7004,date '1979-11-26',  3000, NULL,  20);
SQL> insert into emp values(7009,'KING', 'CC', 'DIRECTOR',NULL,date '1972-10-17',  5000, NULL,  10);
SQL> insert into emp values(7010,'BREAD','JJ', 'SALESREP',7006,date '1978-09-28',  1500, 0,     30);
SQL> insert into emp values(7011,'ADAMS','AA', 'TRAINER', 7008,date '1976-12-30',  1100, NULL,  20);
SQL> insert into emp values(7012,'JONES','R',  'ADMIN',   7006,date '1979-10-03',  8000, NULL,  30);
SQL> insert into emp values(7902,'FORD', 'MG', 'TRAINER', 7004,date '1979-02-13',  3000, NULL,  20);
SQL> insert into emp values(7934,'MARY', 'ABC','ADMIN',   7007,date '1972-01-23',  1300, NULL,  10);
SQL>
SQL> drop table departments;

Table dropped.

SQL>
SQL> create table departments(
  2  deptno    NUMBER(2)     primary key,
  3  dname     VARCHAR2(10)  not null unique check (dname = upper(dname)),
  4  location  VARCHAR2(8)   not null        check (location = upper(location)),
  5  mgr       NUMBER(4)) ;
SQL>
SQL> insert into departments values (10,'ACCOUNTING','NEW YORK',7007);
SQL> insert into departments values (20,'TRAINING',  'DALLAS',  7004);
SQL> insert into departments values (30,'SALES',     'CHICAGO', 7006);
SQL> insert into departments values (40,'HR',        'BOSTON',  7009);
SQL> update ( select e.msal
  2            from   emp   e join
  3                   departments d using (deptno)
  4            where  location = 'DALLAS')
  5  set msal = msal + 1;

5 rows updated.

SQL>

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