org.evergreen.web.utils.beanutils.PropertyUtilsBean.java Source code

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/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.evergreen.web.utils.beanutils;

import java.beans.BeanInfo;
import java.beans.IndexedPropertyDescriptor;
import java.beans.IntrospectionException;
import java.beans.Introspector;
import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.evergreen.web.utils.beanutils.expression.DefaultResolver;
import org.evergreen.web.utils.beanutils.expression.Resolver;
import org.evergreen.web.utils.collections.FastHashMap;

/**
 * Utility methods for using Java Reflection APIs to facilitate generic
 * property getter and setter operations on Java objects.  Much of this
 * code was originally included in <code>BeanUtils</code>, but has been
 * separated because of the volume of code involved.
 * <p>
 * In general, the objects that are examined and modified using these
 * methods are expected to conform to the property getter and setter method
 * naming conventions described in the JavaBeans Specification (Version 1.0.1).
 * No data type conversions are performed, and there are no usage of any
 * <code>PropertyEditor</code> classes that have been registered, although
 * a convenient way to access the registered classes themselves is included.
 * <p>
 * For the purposes of this class, five formats for referencing a particular
 * property value of a bean are defined, with the <i>default</i> layout of an
 * identifying String in parentheses. However the notation for these formats
 * and how they are resolved is now (since BeanUtils 1.8.0) controlled by
 * the configured {@link Resolver} implementation:
 * <ul>
 * <li><strong>Simple (<code>name</code>)</strong> - The specified
 *     <code>name</code> identifies an individual property of a particular
 *     JavaBean.  The name of the actual getter or setter method to be used
 *     is determined using standard JavaBeans instrospection, so that (unless
 *     overridden by a <code>BeanInfo</code> class, a property named "xyz"
 *     will have a getter method named <code>getXyz()</code> or (for boolean
 *     properties only) <code>isXyz()</code>, and a setter method named
 *     <code>setXyz()</code>.</li>
 * <li><strong>Nested (<code>name1.name2.name3</code>)</strong> The first
 *     name element is used to select a property getter, as for simple
 *     references above.  The object returned for this property is then
 *     consulted, using the same approach, for a property getter for a
 *     property named <code>name2</code>, and so on.  The property value that
 *     is ultimately retrieved or modified is the one identified by the
 *     last name element.</li>
 * <li><strong>Indexed (<code>name[index]</code>)</strong> - The underlying
 *     property value is assumed to be an array, or this JavaBean is assumed
 *     to have indexed property getter and setter methods.  The appropriate
 *     (zero-relative) entry in the array is selected.  <code>List</code>
 *     objects are now also supported for read/write.  You simply need to define
 *     a getter that returns the <code>List</code></li>
 * <li><strong>Mapped (<code>name(key)</code>)</strong> - The JavaBean
 *     is assumed to have an property getter and setter methods with an
 *     additional attribute of type <code>java.lang.String</code>.</li>
 * <li><strong>Combined (<code>name1.name2[index].name3(key)</code>)</strong> -
 *     Combining mapped, nested, and indexed references is also
 *     supported.</li>
 * </ul>
 *
 * @author Craig R. McClanahan
 * @author Ralph Schaer
 * @author Chris Audley
 * @author Rey Francois
 * @author Gregor Rayman
 * @author Jan Sorensen
 * @author Scott Sanders
 * @author Erik Meade
 * @version $Revision: 822777 $ $Date: 2009-10-07 16:23:23 +0100 (Wed, 07 Oct 2009) $
 * @see Resolver
 * @see PropertyUtils
 * @since 1.7
 */

public class PropertyUtilsBean {

    private Resolver resolver = new DefaultResolver();

    // --------------------------------------------------------- Class Methods

    /**
     * Return the PropertyUtils bean instance.
     * @return The PropertyUtils bean instance
     */
    protected static PropertyUtilsBean getInstance() {
        return BeanUtilsBean.getInstance().getPropertyUtils();
    }

    // --------------------------------------------------------- Variables

    /**
     * The cache of PropertyDescriptor arrays for beans we have already
     * introspected, keyed by the java.lang.Class of this object.
     */
    private WeakFastHashMap descriptorsCache = null;
    private WeakFastHashMap mappedDescriptorsCache = null;
    private static final Class[] EMPTY_CLASS_PARAMETERS = new Class[0];
    private static final Class[] LIST_CLASS_PARAMETER = new Class[] { java.util.List.class };

    /** An empty object array */
    static final Object[] EMPTY_OBJECT_ARRAY = new Object[0];

    /** Log instance */
    private Log log = LogFactory.getLog(PropertyUtils.class);

    // ---------------------------------------------------------- Constructors

    /** Base constructor */
    public PropertyUtilsBean() {
        descriptorsCache = new WeakFastHashMap();
        descriptorsCache.setFast(true);
        mappedDescriptorsCache = new WeakFastHashMap();
        mappedDescriptorsCache.setFast(true);
    }

    // --------------------------------------------------------- Public Methods

    /**
     * Return the configured {@link Resolver} implementation used by BeanUtils.
     * <p>
     * The {@link Resolver} handles the <i>property name</i>
     * expressions and the implementation in use effectively
     * controls the dialect of the <i>expression language</i>
     * that BeanUtils recongnises.
     * <p>
     * {@link DefaultResolver} is the default implementation used.
     *
     * @return resolver The property expression resolver.
     * @since 1.8.0
     */
    public Resolver getResolver() {
        return resolver;
    }

    /**
     * Configure the {@link Resolver} implementation used by BeanUtils.
     * <p>
     * The {@link Resolver} handles the <i>property name</i>
     * expressions and the implementation in use effectively
     * controls the dialect of the <i>expression language</i>
     * that BeanUtils recongnises.
     * <p>
     * {@link DefaultResolver} is the default implementation used.
     *
     * @param resolver The property expression resolver.
     * @since 1.8.0
     */
    public void setResolver(Resolver resolver) {
        if (resolver == null) {
            this.resolver = new DefaultResolver();
        } else {
            this.resolver = resolver;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Clear any cached property descriptors information for all classes
     * loaded by any class loaders.  This is useful in cases where class
     * loaders are thrown away to implement class reloading.
     */
    public void clearDescriptors() {

        descriptorsCache.clear();
        mappedDescriptorsCache.clear();
        Introspector.flushCaches();

    }

    /**
     * <p>Copy property values from the "origin" bean to the "destination" bean
     * for all cases where the property names are the same (even though the
     * actual getter and setter methods might have been customized via
     * <code>BeanInfo</code> classes).  No conversions are performed on the
     * actual property values -- it is assumed that the values retrieved from
     * the origin bean are assignment-compatible with the types expected by
     * the destination bean.</p>
     *
     * <p>If the origin "bean" is actually a <code>Map</code>, it is assumed
     * to contain String-valued <strong>simple</strong> property names as the keys, pointing
     * at the corresponding property values that will be set in the destination
     * bean.<strong>Note</strong> that this method is intended to perform 
     * a "shallow copy" of the properties and so complex properties 
     * (for example, nested ones) will not be copied.</p>
     * 
     * <p>Note, that this method will not copy a List to a List, or an Object[] 
     * to an Object[]. It's specifically for copying JavaBean properties. </p>
     *
     * @param dest Destination bean whose properties are modified
     * @param orig Origin bean whose properties are retrieved
     *
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the <code>dest</code> or
     *  <code>orig</code> argument is null
     * @exception InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method
     *  throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public void copyProperties(Object dest, Object orig)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {

        if (dest == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No destination bean specified");
        }
        if (orig == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No origin bean specified");
        }

        if (orig instanceof DynaBean) {
            DynaProperty[] origDescriptors = ((DynaBean) orig).getDynaClass().getDynaProperties();
            for (int i = 0; i < origDescriptors.length; i++) {
                String name = origDescriptors[i].getName();
                if (isReadable(orig, name) && isWriteable(dest, name)) {
                    try {
                        Object value = ((DynaBean) orig).get(name);
                        if (dest instanceof DynaBean) {
                            ((DynaBean) dest).set(name, value);
                        } else {
                            setSimpleProperty(dest, name, value);
                        }
                    } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                            log.debug("Error writing to '" + name + "' on class '" + dest.getClass() + "'", e);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } else if (orig instanceof Map) {
            Iterator entries = ((Map) orig).entrySet().iterator();
            while (entries.hasNext()) {
                Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) entries.next();
                String name = (String) entry.getKey();
                if (isWriteable(dest, name)) {
                    try {
                        if (dest instanceof DynaBean) {
                            ((DynaBean) dest).set(name, entry.getValue());
                        } else {
                            setSimpleProperty(dest, name, entry.getValue());
                        }
                    } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                            log.debug("Error writing to '" + name + "' on class '" + dest.getClass() + "'", e);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } else /* if (orig is a standard JavaBean) */ {
            PropertyDescriptor[] origDescriptors = getPropertyDescriptors(orig);
            for (int i = 0; i < origDescriptors.length; i++) {
                String name = origDescriptors[i].getName();
                if (isReadable(orig, name) && isWriteable(dest, name)) {
                    try {
                        Object value = getSimpleProperty(orig, name);
                        if (dest instanceof DynaBean) {
                            ((DynaBean) dest).set(name, value);
                        } else {
                            setSimpleProperty(dest, name, value);
                        }
                    } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                            log.debug("Error writing to '" + name + "' on class '" + dest.getClass() + "'", e);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * <p>Return the entire set of properties for which the specified bean
     * provides a read method.  This map contains the unconverted property
     * values for all properties for which a read method is provided
     * (i.e. where the <code>getReadMethod()</code> returns non-null).</p>
     *
     * <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not account for mapped properties.</p>
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose properties are to be extracted
     * @return The set of properties for the bean
     *
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if <code>bean</code> is null
     * @exception InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method
     *  throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public Map describe(Object bean)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {

        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        Map description = new HashMap();
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            DynaProperty[] descriptors = ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperties();
            for (int i = 0; i < descriptors.length; i++) {
                String name = descriptors[i].getName();
                description.put(name, getProperty(bean, name));
            }
        } else {
            PropertyDescriptor[] descriptors = getPropertyDescriptors(bean);
            for (int i = 0; i < descriptors.length; i++) {
                String name = descriptors[i].getName();
                if (descriptors[i].getReadMethod() != null) {
                    description.put(name, getProperty(bean, name));
                }
            }
        }
        return (description);

    }

    /**
     * Return the value of the specified indexed property of the specified
     * bean, with no type conversions.  The zero-relative index of the
     * required value must be included (in square brackets) as a suffix to
     * the property name, or <code>IllegalArgumentException</code> will be
     * thrown.  In addition to supporting the JavaBeans specification, this
     * method has been extended to support <code>List</code> objects as well.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be extracted
     * @param name <code>propertyname[index]</code> of the property value
     *  to be extracted
     * @return the indexed property value
     *
     * @exception IndexOutOfBoundsException if the specified index
     *  is outside the valid range for the underlying array or List
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if <code>bean</code> or
     *  <code>name</code> is null
     * @exception InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method
     *  throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public Object getIndexedProperty(Object bean, String name)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {

        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No name specified for bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Identify the index of the requested individual property
        int index = -1;
        try {
            index = resolver.getIndex(name);
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid indexed property '" + name + "' on bean class '"
                    + bean.getClass() + "' " + e.getMessage());
        }
        if (index < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Invalid indexed property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Isolate the name
        name = resolver.getProperty(name);

        // Request the specified indexed property value
        return (getIndexedProperty(bean, name, index));

    }

    /**
     * Return the value of the specified indexed property of the specified
     * bean, with no type conversions.  In addition to supporting the JavaBeans
     * specification, this method has been extended to support
     * <code>List</code> objects as well.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be extracted
     * @param name Simple property name of the property value to be extracted
     * @param index Index of the property value to be extracted
     * @return the indexed property value
     *
     * @exception IndexOutOfBoundsException if the specified index
     *  is outside the valid range for the underlying property
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if <code>bean</code> or
     *  <code>name</code> is null
     * @exception InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method
     *  throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public Object getIndexedProperty(Object bean, String name, int index)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {

        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        if (name == null || name.length() == 0) {
            if (bean.getClass().isArray()) {
                return Array.get(bean, index);
            } else if (bean instanceof List) {
                return ((List) bean).get(index);
            }
        }
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No name specified for bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Handle DynaBean instances specially
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            DynaProperty descriptor = ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name);
            if (descriptor == null) {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException(
                        "Unknown property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            return (((DynaBean) bean).get(name, index));
        }

        // Retrieve the property descriptor for the specified property
        PropertyDescriptor descriptor = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
        if (descriptor == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException(
                    "Unknown property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Call the indexed getter method if there is one
        if (descriptor instanceof IndexedPropertyDescriptor) {
            Method readMethod = ((IndexedPropertyDescriptor) descriptor).getIndexedReadMethod();
            readMethod = MethodUtils.getAccessibleMethod(bean.getClass(), readMethod);
            if (readMethod != null) {
                Object[] subscript = new Object[1];
                subscript[0] = new Integer(index);
                try {
                    return (invokeMethod(readMethod, bean, subscript));
                } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                    if (e.getTargetException() instanceof IndexOutOfBoundsException) {
                        throw (IndexOutOfBoundsException) e.getTargetException();
                    } else {
                        throw e;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // Otherwise, the underlying property must be an array
        Method readMethod = getReadMethod(bean.getClass(), descriptor);
        if (readMethod == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException(
                    "Property '" + name + "' has no " + "getter method on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Call the property getter and return the value
        Object value = invokeMethod(readMethod, bean, EMPTY_OBJECT_ARRAY);
        if (!value.getClass().isArray()) {
            if (!(value instanceof java.util.List)) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        "Property '" + name + "' is not indexed on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            } else {
                //get the List's value
                return ((java.util.List) value).get(index);
            }
        } else {
            //get the array's value
            try {
                return (Array.get(value, index));
            } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
                throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(
                        "Index: " + index + ", Size: " + Array.getLength(value) + " for property '" + name + "'");
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * Return the value of the specified mapped property of the
     * specified bean, with no type conversions.  The key of the
     * required value must be included (in brackets) as a suffix to
     * the property name, or <code>IllegalArgumentException</code> will be
     * thrown.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be extracted
     * @param name <code>propertyname(key)</code> of the property value
     *  to be extracted
     * @return the mapped property value
     *
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method
     *  throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public Object getMappedProperty(Object bean, String name)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {

        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No name specified for bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Identify the key of the requested individual property
        String key = null;
        try {
            key = resolver.getKey(name);
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid mapped property '" + name + "' on bean class '"
                    + bean.getClass() + "' " + e.getMessage());
        }
        if (key == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Invalid mapped property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Isolate the name
        name = resolver.getProperty(name);

        // Request the specified indexed property value
        return (getMappedProperty(bean, name, key));

    }

    /**
     * Return the value of the specified mapped property of the specified
     * bean, with no type conversions.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be extracted
     * @param name Mapped property name of the property value to be extracted
     * @param key Key of the property value to be extracted
     * @return the mapped property value
     *
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method
     *  throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public Object getMappedProperty(Object bean, String name, String key)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {

        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No name specified for bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }
        if (key == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "No key specified for property '" + name + "' on bean class " + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Handle DynaBean instances specially
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            DynaProperty descriptor = ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name);
            if (descriptor == null) {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException(
                        "Unknown property '" + name + "'+ on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            return (((DynaBean) bean).get(name, key));
        }

        Object result = null;

        // Retrieve the property descriptor for the specified property
        PropertyDescriptor descriptor = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
        if (descriptor == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException(
                    "Unknown property '" + name + "'+ on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        if (descriptor instanceof MappedPropertyDescriptor) {
            // Call the keyed getter method if there is one
            Method readMethod = ((MappedPropertyDescriptor) descriptor).getMappedReadMethod();
            readMethod = MethodUtils.getAccessibleMethod(bean.getClass(), readMethod);
            if (readMethod != null) {
                Object[] keyArray = new Object[1];
                keyArray[0] = key;
                result = invokeMethod(readMethod, bean, keyArray);
            } else {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException("Property '" + name
                        + "' has no mapped getter method on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
        } else {
            /* means that the result has to be retrieved from a map */
            Method readMethod = getReadMethod(bean.getClass(), descriptor);
            if (readMethod != null) {
                Object invokeResult = invokeMethod(readMethod, bean, EMPTY_OBJECT_ARRAY);
                /* test and fetch from the map */
                if (invokeResult instanceof java.util.Map) {
                    result = ((java.util.Map) invokeResult).get(key);
                }
            } else {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException("Property '" + name
                        + "' has no mapped getter method on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
        }
        return result;

    }

    /**
     * <p>Return the mapped property descriptors for this bean class.</p>
     *
     * <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.</p>
     *
     * @param beanClass Bean class to be introspected
     * @return the mapped property descriptors
     * @deprecated This method should not be exposed
     */
    public FastHashMap getMappedPropertyDescriptors(Class beanClass) {

        if (beanClass == null) {
            return null;
        }

        // Look up any cached descriptors for this bean class
        return (FastHashMap) mappedDescriptorsCache.get(beanClass);

    }

    /**
     * <p>Return the mapped property descriptors for this bean.</p>
     *
     * <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.</p>
     *
     * @param bean Bean to be introspected
     * @return the mapped property descriptors
     * @deprecated This method should not be exposed
     */
    public FastHashMap getMappedPropertyDescriptors(Object bean) {

        if (bean == null) {
            return null;
        }
        return (getMappedPropertyDescriptors(bean.getClass()));

    }

    /**
     * Return the value of the (possibly nested) property of the specified
     * name, for the specified bean, with no type conversions.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be extracted
     * @param name Possibly nested name of the property to be extracted
     * @return the nested property value
     *
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if <code>bean</code> or
     *  <code>name</code> is null
     * @exception NestedNullException if a nested reference to a
     *  property returns null
     * @exception InvocationTargetException 
     * if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public Object getNestedProperty(Object bean, String name)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {

        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No name specified for bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Resolve nested references
        while (resolver.hasNested(name)) {
            String next = resolver.next(name);
            Object nestedBean = null;
            if (bean instanceof Map) {
                nestedBean = getPropertyOfMapBean((Map) bean, next);
            } else if (resolver.isMapped(next)) {
                nestedBean = getMappedProperty(bean, next);
            } else if (resolver.isIndexed(next)) {
                nestedBean = getIndexedProperty(bean, next);
            } else {
                nestedBean = getSimpleProperty(bean, next);
            }
            if (nestedBean == null) {
                throw new NestedNullException(
                        "Null property value for '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            bean = nestedBean;
            name = resolver.remove(name);
        }

        if (bean instanceof Map) {
            bean = getPropertyOfMapBean((Map) bean, name);
        } else if (resolver.isMapped(name)) {
            bean = getMappedProperty(bean, name);
        } else if (resolver.isIndexed(name)) {
            bean = getIndexedProperty(bean, name);
        } else {
            bean = getSimpleProperty(bean, name);
        }
        return bean;

    }

    /**
     * This method is called by getNestedProperty and setNestedProperty to
     * define what it means to get a property from an object which implements
     * Map. See setPropertyOfMapBean for more information.
     *
     * @param bean Map bean
     * @param propertyName The property name
     * @return the property value
     * 
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException when the propertyName is regarded as
     * being invalid.
     * 
     * @throws IllegalAccessException just in case subclasses override this
     * method to try to access real getter methods and find permission is denied.
     * 
     * @throws InvocationTargetException just in case subclasses override this
     * method to try to access real getter methods, and find it throws an
     * exception when invoked.
     * 
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException just in case subclasses override this
     * method to try to access real getter methods, and want to fail if
     * no simple method is available.
     * @since 1.8.0
     */
    protected Object getPropertyOfMapBean(Map bean, String propertyName) throws IllegalArgumentException,
            IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {

        if (resolver.isMapped(propertyName)) {
            String name = resolver.getProperty(propertyName);
            if (name == null || name.length() == 0) {
                propertyName = resolver.getKey(propertyName);
            }
        }

        if (resolver.isIndexed(propertyName) || resolver.isMapped(propertyName)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Indexed or mapped properties are not supported on" + " objects of type Map: " + propertyName);
        }

        return bean.get(propertyName);
    }

    /**
     * Return the value of the specified property of the specified bean,
     * no matter which property reference format is used, with no
     * type conversions.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be extracted
     * @param name Possibly indexed and/or nested name of the property
     *  to be extracted
     * @return the property value
     *
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if <code>bean</code> or
     *  <code>name</code> is null
     * @exception InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method
     *  throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public Object getProperty(Object bean, String name)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {

        return (getNestedProperty(bean, name));

    }

    /**
     * <p>Retrieve the property descriptor for the specified property of the
     * specified bean, or return <code>null</code> if there is no such
     * descriptor.  This method resolves indexed and nested property
     * references in the same manner as other methods in this class, except
     * that if the last (or only) name element is indexed, the descriptor
     * for the last resolved property itself is returned.</p>
     *
     * <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.</p>
     *
     * @param bean Bean for which a property descriptor is requested
     * @param name Possibly indexed and/or nested name of the property for
     *  which a property descriptor is requested
     * @return the property descriptor
     *
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if <code>bean</code> or
     *  <code>name</code> is null
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if a nested reference to a
     *  property returns null
     * @exception InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method
     *  throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public PropertyDescriptor getPropertyDescriptor(Object bean, String name)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {

        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No name specified for bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Resolve nested references
        while (resolver.hasNested(name)) {
            String next = resolver.next(name);
            Object nestedBean = getProperty(bean, next);
            if (nestedBean == null) {
                throw new NestedNullException(
                        "Null property value for '" + next + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            bean = nestedBean;
            name = resolver.remove(name);
        }

        // Remove any subscript from the final name value
        name = resolver.getProperty(name);

        // Look up and return this property from our cache
        // creating and adding it to the cache if not found.
        if (name == null) {
            return (null);
        }

        PropertyDescriptor[] descriptors = getPropertyDescriptors(bean);
        if (descriptors != null) {

            for (int i = 0; i < descriptors.length; i++) {
                if (name.equals(descriptors[i].getName())) {
                    return (descriptors[i]);
                }
            }
        }

        PropertyDescriptor result = null;
        FastHashMap mappedDescriptors = getMappedPropertyDescriptors(bean);
        if (mappedDescriptors == null) {
            mappedDescriptors = new FastHashMap();
            mappedDescriptors.setFast(true);
            mappedDescriptorsCache.put(bean.getClass(), mappedDescriptors);
        }
        result = (PropertyDescriptor) mappedDescriptors.get(name);
        if (result == null) {
            // not found, try to create it
            try {
                result = new MappedPropertyDescriptor(name, bean.getClass());
            } catch (IntrospectionException ie) {
                /* Swallow IntrospectionException
                 * TODO: Why?
                 */
            }
            if (result != null) {
                mappedDescriptors.put(name, result);
            }
        }

        return result;

    }

    /**
     * <p>Retrieve the property descriptors for the specified class,
     * introspecting and caching them the first time a particular bean class
     * is encountered.</p>
     *
     * <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.</p>
     *
     * @param beanClass Bean class for which property descriptors are requested
     * @return the property descriptors
     *
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if <code>beanClass</code> is null
     */
    public PropertyDescriptor[] getPropertyDescriptors(Class beanClass) {

        if (beanClass == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean class specified");
        }

        // Look up any cached descriptors for this bean class
        PropertyDescriptor[] descriptors = null;
        descriptors = (PropertyDescriptor[]) descriptorsCache.get(beanClass);
        if (descriptors != null) {
            return (descriptors);
        }

        // Introspect the bean and cache the generated descriptors
        BeanInfo beanInfo = null;
        try {
            beanInfo = Introspector.getBeanInfo(beanClass);
        } catch (IntrospectionException e) {
            return (new PropertyDescriptor[0]);
        }
        descriptors = beanInfo.getPropertyDescriptors();
        if (descriptors == null) {
            descriptors = new PropertyDescriptor[0];
        }

        // ----------------- Workaround for Bug 28358 --------- START ------------------
        //
        // The following code fixes an issue where IndexedPropertyDescriptor behaves
        // Differently in different versions of the JDK for 'indexed' properties which
        // use java.util.List (rather than an array).
        //
        // If you have a Bean with the following getters/setters for an indexed property:
        //
        //     public List getFoo()
        //     public Object getFoo(int index)
        //     public void setFoo(List foo)
        //     public void setFoo(int index, Object foo)
        //
        // then the IndexedPropertyDescriptor's getReadMethod() and getWriteMethod()
        // behave as follows:
        //
        //     JDK 1.3.1_04: returns valid Method objects from these methods.
        //     JDK 1.4.2_05: returns null from these methods.
        //
        for (int i = 0; i < descriptors.length; i++) {
            if (descriptors[i] instanceof IndexedPropertyDescriptor) {
                IndexedPropertyDescriptor descriptor = (IndexedPropertyDescriptor) descriptors[i];
                String propName = descriptor.getName().substring(0, 1).toUpperCase()
                        + descriptor.getName().substring(1);

                if (descriptor.getReadMethod() == null) {
                    String methodName = descriptor.getIndexedReadMethod() != null
                            ? descriptor.getIndexedReadMethod().getName()
                            : "get" + propName;
                    Method readMethod = MethodUtils.getMatchingAccessibleMethod(beanClass, methodName,
                            EMPTY_CLASS_PARAMETERS);
                    if (readMethod != null) {
                        try {
                            descriptor.setReadMethod(readMethod);
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            log.error("Error setting indexed property read method", e);
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (descriptor.getWriteMethod() == null) {
                    String methodName = descriptor.getIndexedWriteMethod() != null
                            ? descriptor.getIndexedWriteMethod().getName()
                            : "set" + propName;
                    Method writeMethod = MethodUtils.getMatchingAccessibleMethod(beanClass, methodName,
                            LIST_CLASS_PARAMETER);
                    if (writeMethod == null) {
                        Method[] methods = beanClass.getMethods();
                        for (int j = 0; j < methods.length; j++) {
                            if (methods[j].getName().equals(methodName)) {
                                Class[] parameterTypes = methods[j].getParameterTypes();
                                if (parameterTypes.length == 1 && List.class.isAssignableFrom(parameterTypes[0])) {
                                    writeMethod = methods[j];
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    if (writeMethod != null) {
                        try {
                            descriptor.setWriteMethod(writeMethod);
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            log.error("Error setting indexed property write method", e);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        // ----------------- Workaround for Bug 28358 ---------- END -------------------

        descriptorsCache.put(beanClass, descriptors);
        return (descriptors);

    }

    /**
     * <p>Retrieve the property descriptors for the specified bean,
     * introspecting and caching them the first time a particular bean class
     * is encountered.</p>
     *
     * <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.</p>
     *
     * @param bean Bean for which property descriptors are requested
     * @return the property descriptors
     *
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if <code>bean</code> is null
     */
    public PropertyDescriptor[] getPropertyDescriptors(Object bean) {

        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        return (getPropertyDescriptors(bean.getClass()));

    }

    /**
     * <p>Return the Java Class repesenting the property editor class that has
     * been registered for this property (if any).  This method follows the
     * same name resolution rules used by <code>getPropertyDescriptor()</code>,
     * so if the last element of a name reference is indexed, the property
     * editor for the underlying property's class is returned.</p>
     *
     * <p>Note that <code>null</code> will be returned if there is no property,
     * or if there is no registered property editor class.  Because this
     * return value is ambiguous, you should determine the existence of the
     * property itself by other means.</p>
     *
     * <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.</p>
     *
     * @param bean Bean for which a property descriptor is requested
     * @param name Possibly indexed and/or nested name of the property for
     *  which a property descriptor is requested
     * @return the property editor class
     *
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if <code>bean</code> or
     *  <code>name</code> is null
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if a nested reference to a
     *  property returns null
     * @exception InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method
     *  throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public Class getPropertyEditorClass(Object bean, String name)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {

        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No name specified for bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        PropertyDescriptor descriptor = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
        if (descriptor != null) {
            return (descriptor.getPropertyEditorClass());
        } else {
            return (null);
        }

    }

    /**
     * Return the Java Class representing the property type of the specified
     * property, or <code>null</code> if there is no such property for the
     * specified bean.  This method follows the same name resolution rules
     * used by <code>getPropertyDescriptor()</code>, so if the last element
     * of a name reference is indexed, the type of the property itself will
     * be returned.  If the last (or only) element has no property with the
     * specified name, <code>null</code> is returned.
     *
     * @param bean Bean for which a property descriptor is requested
     * @param name Possibly indexed and/or nested name of the property for
     *  which a property descriptor is requested
     * @return The property type
     *
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if <code>bean</code> or
     *  <code>name</code> is null
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if a nested reference to a
     *  property returns null
     * @exception InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method
     *  throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public Class getPropertyType(Object bean, String name)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {

        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No name specified for bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Resolve nested references
        while (resolver.hasNested(name)) {
            String next = resolver.next(name);
            Object nestedBean = getProperty(bean, next);
            if (nestedBean == null) {
                throw new NestedNullException(
                        "Null property value for '" + next + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            bean = nestedBean;
            name = resolver.remove(name);
        }

        // Remove any subscript from the final name value
        name = resolver.getProperty(name);

        // Special handling for DynaBeans
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            DynaProperty descriptor = ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name);
            if (descriptor == null) {
                return (null);
            }
            Class type = descriptor.getType();
            if (type == null) {
                return (null);
            } else if (type.isArray()) {
                return (type.getComponentType());
            } else {
                return (type);
            }
        }

        PropertyDescriptor descriptor = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
        if (descriptor == null) {
            return (null);
        } else if (descriptor instanceof IndexedPropertyDescriptor) {
            return (((IndexedPropertyDescriptor) descriptor).getIndexedPropertyType());
        } else if (descriptor instanceof MappedPropertyDescriptor) {
            return (((MappedPropertyDescriptor) descriptor).getMappedPropertyType());
        } else {
            return (descriptor.getPropertyType());
        }

    }

    /**
     * <p>Return an accessible property getter method for this property,
     * if there is one; otherwise return <code>null</code>.</p>
     *
     * <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.</p>
     *
     * @param descriptor Property descriptor to return a getter for
     * @return The read method
     */
    public Method getReadMethod(PropertyDescriptor descriptor) {

        return (MethodUtils.getAccessibleMethod(descriptor.getReadMethod()));

    }

    /**
     * <p>Return an accessible property getter method for this property,
     * if there is one; otherwise return <code>null</code>.</p>
     *
     * <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.</p>
     *
     * @param clazz The class of the read method will be invoked on
     * @param descriptor Property descriptor to return a getter for
     * @return The read method
     */
    protected Method getReadMethod(Class clazz, PropertyDescriptor descriptor) {
        return (MethodUtils.getAccessibleMethod(clazz, descriptor.getReadMethod()));
    }

    /**
     * Return the value of the specified simple property of the specified
     * bean, with no type conversions.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be extracted
     * @param name Name of the property to be extracted
     * @return The property value
     *
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if <code>bean</code> or
     *  <code>name</code> is null
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the property name
     *  is nested or indexed
     * @exception InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method
     *  throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public Object getSimpleProperty(Object bean, String name)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {

        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No name specified for bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Validate the syntax of the property name
        if (resolver.hasNested(name)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Nested property names are not allowed: Property '" + name
                    + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        } else if (resolver.isIndexed(name)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Indexed property names are not allowed: Property '" + name
                    + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        } else if (resolver.isMapped(name)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Mapped property names are not allowed: Property '" + name
                    + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Handle DynaBean instances specially
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            DynaProperty descriptor = ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name);
            if (descriptor == null) {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException(
                        "Unknown property '" + name + "' on dynaclass '" + ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass() + "'");
            }
            return (((DynaBean) bean).get(name));
        }

        // Retrieve the property getter method for the specified property
        PropertyDescriptor descriptor = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
        if (descriptor == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException("Unknown property '" + name + "' on class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }
        Method readMethod = getReadMethod(bean.getClass(), descriptor);
        if (readMethod == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException(
                    "Property '" + name + "' has no getter method in class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Call the property getter and return the value
        Object value = invokeMethod(readMethod, bean, EMPTY_OBJECT_ARRAY);
        //??,?,?
        if (value == null) {
            try {
                //getternullsetter
                Object instance = readMethod.getReturnType().newInstance();
                Method writeMethod = getWriteMethod(bean.getClass(), descriptor);
                if (writeMethod == null) {
                    throw new NoSuchMethodException(
                            "Property '" + name + "' has no setter method in class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
                }
                invokeMethod(writeMethod, bean, new Object[] { instance });
                value = instance;
            } catch (InstantiationException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return (value);

    }

    /**
     * <p>Return an accessible property setter method for this property,
     * if there is one; otherwise return <code>null</code>.</p>
     *
     * <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.</p>
     *
     * @param descriptor Property descriptor to return a setter for
     * @return The write method
     */
    public Method getWriteMethod(PropertyDescriptor descriptor) {

        return (MethodUtils.getAccessibleMethod(descriptor.getWriteMethod()));

    }

    /**
     * <p>Return an accessible property setter method for this property,
     * if there is one; otherwise return <code>null</code>.</p>
     *
     * <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.</p>
     *
     * @param clazz The class of the read method will be invoked on
     * @param descriptor Property descriptor to return a setter for
     * @return The write method
     */
    Method getWriteMethod(Class clazz, PropertyDescriptor descriptor) {
        return (MethodUtils.getAccessibleMethod(clazz, descriptor.getWriteMethod()));
    }

    /**
     * <p>Return <code>true</code> if the specified property name identifies
     * a readable property on the specified bean; otherwise, return
     * <code>false</code>.
     *
     * @param bean Bean to be examined (may be a {@link DynaBean}
     * @param name Property name to be evaluated
     * @return <code>true</code> if the property is readable,
     * otherwise <code>false</code>
     *
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if <code>bean</code>
     *  or <code>name</code> is <code>null</code>
     *
     * @since BeanUtils 1.6
     */
    public boolean isReadable(Object bean, String name) {

        // Validate method parameters
        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No name specified for bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Resolve nested references
        while (resolver.hasNested(name)) {
            String next = resolver.next(name);
            Object nestedBean = null;
            try {
                nestedBean = getProperty(bean, next);
            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                return false;
            } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                return false;
            } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                return false;
            }
            if (nestedBean == null) {
                throw new NestedNullException(
                        "Null property value for '" + next + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            bean = nestedBean;
            name = resolver.remove(name);
        }

        // Remove any subscript from the final name value
        name = resolver.getProperty(name);

        // Treat WrapDynaBean as special case - may be a write-only property
        // (see Jira issue# BEANUTILS-61)
        if (bean instanceof WrapDynaBean) {
            bean = ((WrapDynaBean) bean).getInstance();
        }

        // Return the requested result
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            // All DynaBean properties are readable
            return (((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name) != null);
        } else {
            try {
                PropertyDescriptor desc = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
                if (desc != null) {
                    Method readMethod = getReadMethod(bean.getClass(), desc);
                    if (readMethod == null) {
                        if (desc instanceof IndexedPropertyDescriptor) {
                            readMethod = ((IndexedPropertyDescriptor) desc).getIndexedReadMethod();
                        } else if (desc instanceof MappedPropertyDescriptor) {
                            readMethod = ((MappedPropertyDescriptor) desc).getMappedReadMethod();
                        }
                        readMethod = MethodUtils.getAccessibleMethod(bean.getClass(), readMethod);
                    }
                    return (readMethod != null);
                } else {
                    return (false);
                }
            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                return (false);
            } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                return (false);
            } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                return (false);
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * <p>Return <code>true</code> if the specified property name identifies
     * a writeable property on the specified bean; otherwise, return
     * <code>false</code>.
     *
     * @param bean Bean to be examined (may be a {@link DynaBean}
     * @param name Property name to be evaluated
     * @return <code>true</code> if the property is writeable,
     * otherwise <code>false</code>
     *
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if <code>bean</code>
     *  or <code>name</code> is <code>null</code>
     *
     * @since BeanUtils 1.6
     */
    public boolean isWriteable(Object bean, String name) {

        // Validate method parameters
        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No name specified for bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Resolve nested references
        while (resolver.hasNested(name)) {
            String next = resolver.next(name);
            Object nestedBean = null;
            try {
                nestedBean = getProperty(bean, next);
            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                return false;
            } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                return false;
            } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                return false;
            }
            if (nestedBean == null) {
                throw new NestedNullException(
                        "Null property value for '" + next + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            bean = nestedBean;
            name = resolver.remove(name);
        }

        // Remove any subscript from the final name value
        name = resolver.getProperty(name);

        // Treat WrapDynaBean as special case - may be a read-only property
        // (see Jira issue# BEANUTILS-61)
        if (bean instanceof WrapDynaBean) {
            bean = ((WrapDynaBean) bean).getInstance();
        }

        // Return the requested result
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            // All DynaBean properties are writeable
            return (((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name) != null);
        } else {
            try {
                PropertyDescriptor desc = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
                if (desc != null) {
                    Method writeMethod = getWriteMethod(bean.getClass(), desc);
                    if (writeMethod == null) {
                        if (desc instanceof IndexedPropertyDescriptor) {
                            writeMethod = ((IndexedPropertyDescriptor) desc).getIndexedWriteMethod();
                        } else if (desc instanceof MappedPropertyDescriptor) {
                            writeMethod = ((MappedPropertyDescriptor) desc).getMappedWriteMethod();
                        }
                        writeMethod = MethodUtils.getAccessibleMethod(bean.getClass(), writeMethod);
                    }
                    return (writeMethod != null);
                } else {
                    return (false);
                }
            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                return (false);
            } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                return (false);
            } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                return (false);
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * Set the value of the specified indexed property of the specified
     * bean, with no type conversions.  The zero-relative index of the
     * required value must be included (in square brackets) as a suffix to
     * the property name, or <code>IllegalArgumentException</code> will be
     * thrown.  In addition to supporting the JavaBeans specification, this
     * method has been extended to support <code>List</code> objects as well.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be modified
     * @param name <code>propertyname[index]</code> of the property value
     *  to be modified
     * @param value Value to which the specified property element
     *  should be set
     *
     * @exception IndexOutOfBoundsException if the specified index
     *  is outside the valid range for the underlying property
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if <code>bean</code> or
     *  <code>name</code> is null
     * @exception InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method
     *  throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public void setIndexedProperty(Object bean, String name, Object value)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {

        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No name specified for bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Identify the index of the requested individual property
        int index = -1;
        try {
            index = resolver.getIndex(name);
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Invalid indexed property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }
        if (index < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Invalid indexed property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Isolate the name
        name = resolver.getProperty(name);

        // Set the specified indexed property value
        setIndexedProperty(bean, name, index, value);

    }

    /**
     * Set the value of the specified indexed property of the specified
     * bean, with no type conversions.  In addition to supporting the JavaBeans
     * specification, this method has been extended to support
     * <code>List</code> objects as well.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be set
     * @param name Simple property name of the property value to be set
     * @param index Index of the property value to be set
     * @param value Value to which the indexed property element is to be set
     *
     * @exception IndexOutOfBoundsException if the specified index
     *  is outside the valid range for the underlying property
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if <code>bean</code> or
     *  <code>name</code> is null
     * @exception InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method
     *  throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public void setIndexedProperty(Object bean, String name, int index, Object value)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {

        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        if (name == null || name.length() == 0) {
            if (bean.getClass().isArray()) {
                Array.set(bean, index, value);
                return;
            } else if (bean instanceof List) {
                ((List) bean).set(index, value);
                return;
            }
        }
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No name specified for bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Handle DynaBean instances specially
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            DynaProperty descriptor = ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name);
            if (descriptor == null) {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException(
                        "Unknown property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            ((DynaBean) bean).set(name, index, value);
            return;
        }

        // Retrieve the property descriptor for the specified property
        PropertyDescriptor descriptor = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
        if (descriptor == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException(
                    "Unknown property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Call the indexed setter method if there is one
        if (descriptor instanceof IndexedPropertyDescriptor) {
            Method writeMethod = ((IndexedPropertyDescriptor) descriptor).getIndexedWriteMethod();
            writeMethod = MethodUtils.getAccessibleMethod(bean.getClass(), writeMethod);
            if (writeMethod != null) {
                Object[] subscript = new Object[2];
                subscript[0] = new Integer(index);
                subscript[1] = value;
                try {
                    if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
                        String valueClassName = value == null ? "<null>" : value.getClass().getName();
                        log.trace("setSimpleProperty: Invoking method " + writeMethod + " with index=" + index
                                + ", value=" + value + " (class " + valueClassName + ")");
                    }
                    invokeMethod(writeMethod, bean, subscript);
                } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                    if (e.getTargetException() instanceof IndexOutOfBoundsException) {
                        throw (IndexOutOfBoundsException) e.getTargetException();
                    } else {
                        throw e;
                    }
                }
                return;
            }
        }

        // Otherwise, the underlying property must be an array or a list
        Method readMethod = getReadMethod(bean.getClass(), descriptor);
        if (readMethod == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException(
                    "Property '" + name + "' has no getter method on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Call the property getter to get the array or list
        Object array = invokeMethod(readMethod, bean, EMPTY_OBJECT_ARRAY);
        if (!array.getClass().isArray()) {
            if (array instanceof List) {
                // Modify the specified value in the List

                //((List) array).set(index, value);
                //?
                //((List) array).add(value);     
                List list = (List) array;
                Type returnType = readMethod.getGenericReturnType();
                Type acturalType = ((ParameterizedType) returnType).getActualTypeArguments()[0];
                list.add(ConvertUtils.convert(value, (Class) acturalType));
            } else if (array instanceof Set) {
                //?set??
                //((Set) array).add(value);
                Set set = (Set) array;
                Type returnType = readMethod.getGenericReturnType();
                Type acturalType = ((ParameterizedType) returnType).getActualTypeArguments()[0];
                set.add(ConvertUtils.convert(value, (Class) acturalType));
            } else {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        "Property '" + name + "' is not indexed on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
        } else {
            // Modify the specified value in the array
            Array.set(array, index, value);
        }

    }

    /**
     * Set the value of the specified mapped property of the
     * specified bean, with no type conversions.  The key of the
     * value to set must be included (in brackets) as a suffix to
     * the property name, or <code>IllegalArgumentException</code> will be
     * thrown.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be set
     * @param name <code>propertyname(key)</code> of the property value
     *  to be set
     * @param value The property value to be set
     *
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method
     *  throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public void setMappedProperty(Object bean, String name, Object value)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No name specified for bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Identify the key of the requested individual property
        String key = null;
        try {
            key = resolver.getKey(name);
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Invalid mapped property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }
        if (key == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Invalid mapped property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Isolate the name
        name = resolver.getProperty(name);

        // Request the specified indexed property value
        setMappedProperty(bean, name, key, value);

    }

    /**
     * Set the value of the specified mapped property of the specified
     * bean, with no type conversions.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be set
     * @param name Mapped property name of the property value to be set
     * @param key Key of the property value to be set
     * @param value The property value to be set
     *
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method
     *  throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public void setMappedProperty(Object bean, String name, String key, Object value)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {

        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No name specified for bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }
        if (key == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "No key specified for property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Handle DynaBean instances specially
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            DynaProperty descriptor = ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name);
            if (descriptor == null) {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException(
                        "Unknown property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            ((DynaBean) bean).set(name, key, value);
            return;
        }

        // Retrieve the property descriptor for the specified property
        PropertyDescriptor descriptor = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
        if (descriptor == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException(
                    "Unknown property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        if (descriptor instanceof MappedPropertyDescriptor) {
            // Call the keyed setter method if there is one
            Method mappedWriteMethod = ((MappedPropertyDescriptor) descriptor).getMappedWriteMethod();
            mappedWriteMethod = MethodUtils.getAccessibleMethod(bean.getClass(), mappedWriteMethod);
            if (mappedWriteMethod != null) {
                Object[] params = new Object[2];
                params[0] = key;
                params[1] = value;
                if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
                    String valueClassName = value == null ? "<null>" : value.getClass().getName();
                    log.trace("setSimpleProperty: Invoking method " + mappedWriteMethod + " with key=" + key
                            + ", value=" + value + " (class " + valueClassName + ")");
                }
                invokeMethod(mappedWriteMethod, bean, params);
            } else {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException("Property '" + name + "' has no mapped setter method"
                        + "on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
        } else {
            /* means that the result has to be retrieved from a map */
            Method readMethod = getReadMethod(bean.getClass(), descriptor);
            if (readMethod != null) {
                Object invokeResult = invokeMethod(readMethod, bean, EMPTY_OBJECT_ARRAY);
                /* test and fetch from the map */
                if (invokeResult instanceof java.util.Map) {
                    //((java.util.Map)invokeResult).put(key, value);
                    //?
                    Map<Object, Object> map = (Map<Object, Object>) invokeResult;
                    Type returnType = readMethod.getGenericReturnType();
                    Type keyType = ((ParameterizedType) returnType).getActualTypeArguments()[0];
                    Type valType = ((ParameterizedType) returnType).getActualTypeArguments()[1];
                    Object mapKey = ConvertUtils.convert(key, (Class<?>) keyType);
                    Object mapValue = ConvertUtils.convert(value, (Class<?>) valType);
                    map.put(mapKey, mapValue);
                }
            } else {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException("Property '" + name
                        + "' has no mapped getter method on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * Set the value of the (possibly nested) property of the specified
     * name, for the specified bean, with no type conversions.
     * <p>
     * Example values for parameter "name" are:
     * <ul>
     * <li> "a" -- sets the value of property a of the specified bean </li>
     * <li> "a.b" -- gets the value of property a of the specified bean,
     * then on that object sets the value of property b.</li>
     * <li> "a(key)" -- sets a value of mapped-property a on the specified
     * bean. This effectively means bean.setA("key").</li>
     * <li> "a[3]" -- sets a value of indexed-property a on the specified
     * bean. This effectively means bean.setA(3).</li>
     * </ul>
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be modified
     * @param name Possibly nested name of the property to be modified
     * @param value Value to which the property is to be set
     *
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if <code>bean</code> or
     *  <code>name</code> is null
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if a nested reference to a
     *  property returns null
     * @exception InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method
     *  throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public void setNestedProperty(Object bean, String name, Object value)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {

        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No name specified for bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Resolve nested references
        while (resolver.hasNested(name)) {
            String next = resolver.next(name);
            Object nestedBean = null;
            if (bean instanceof Map) {
                nestedBean = getPropertyOfMapBean((Map) bean, next);
            } else if (resolver.isMapped(next)) {
                nestedBean = getMappedProperty(bean, next);
            } else if (resolver.isIndexed(next)) {
                nestedBean = getIndexedProperty(bean, next);
            } else {
                nestedBean = getSimpleProperty(bean, next);
            }
            if (nestedBean == null) {
                throw new NestedNullException(
                        "Null property value for '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            bean = nestedBean;
            name = resolver.remove(name);
        }

        if (bean instanceof Map) {
            setPropertyOfMapBean((Map) bean, name, value);
        } else if (resolver.isMapped(name)) {
            setMappedProperty(bean, name, value);
        } else if (resolver.isIndexed(name)) {
            setIndexedProperty(bean, name, value);
        } else {
            setSimpleProperty(bean, name, value);
        }

    }

    /**
     * This method is called by method setNestedProperty when the current bean
     * is found to be a Map object, and defines how to deal with setting
     * a property on a Map.
     * <p>
     * The standard implementation here is to:
     * <ul>
     * <li>call bean.set(propertyName) for all propertyName values.</li>
     * <li>throw an IllegalArgumentException if the property specifier
     * contains MAPPED_DELIM or INDEXED_DELIM, as Map entries are essentially
     * simple properties; mapping and indexing operations do not make sense
     * when accessing a map (even thought the returned object may be a Map
     * or an Array).</li>
     * </ul>
     * <p>
     * The default behaviour of beanutils 1.7.1 or later is for assigning to
     * "a.b" to mean a.put(b, obj) always. However the behaviour of beanutils 
     * version 1.6.0, 1.6.1, 1.7.0 was for "a.b" to mean a.setB(obj) if such
     * a method existed, and a.put(b, obj) otherwise. In version 1.5 it meant
     * a.put(b, obj) always (ie the same as the behaviour in the current version).
     * In versions prior to 1.5 it meant a.setB(obj) always. [yes, this is 
     * all <i>very</i> unfortunate]
     * <p>
     * Users who would like to customise the meaning of "a.b" in method 
     * setNestedProperty when a is a Map can create a custom subclass of
     * this class and override this method to implement the behaviour of 
     * their choice, such as restoring the pre-1.4 behaviour of this class
     * if they wish. When overriding this method, do not forget to deal 
     * with MAPPED_DELIM and INDEXED_DELIM characters in the propertyName.
     * <p>
     * Note, however, that the recommended solution for objects that
     * implement Map but want their simple properties to come first is
     * for <i>those</i> objects to override their get/put methods to implement
     * that behaviour, and <i>not</i> to solve the problem by modifying the
     * default behaviour of the PropertyUtilsBean class by overriding this
     * method.
     *
     * @param bean Map bean
     * @param propertyName The property name
     * @param value the property value
     * 
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException when the propertyName is regarded as
     * being invalid.
     * 
     * @throws IllegalAccessException just in case subclasses override this
     * method to try to access real setter methods and find permission is denied.
     * 
     * @throws InvocationTargetException just in case subclasses override this
     * method to try to access real setter methods, and find it throws an
     * exception when invoked.
     * 
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException just in case subclasses override this
     * method to try to access real setter methods, and want to fail if
     * no simple method is available.
     * @since 1.8.0
     */
    protected void setPropertyOfMapBean(Map bean, String propertyName, Object value)
            throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException,
            NoSuchMethodException {

        if (resolver.isMapped(propertyName)) {
            String name = resolver.getProperty(propertyName);
            if (name == null || name.length() == 0) {
                propertyName = resolver.getKey(propertyName);
            }
        }

        if (resolver.isIndexed(propertyName) || resolver.isMapped(propertyName)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Indexed or mapped properties are not supported on" + " objects of type Map: " + propertyName);
        }

        bean.put(propertyName, value);
    }

    /**
     * Set the value of the specified property of the specified bean,
     * no matter which property reference format is used, with no
     * type conversions.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be modified
     * @param name Possibly indexed and/or nested name of the property
     *  to be modified
     * @param value Value to which this property is to be set
     *
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if <code>bean</code> or
     *  <code>name</code> is null
     * @exception InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method
     *  throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public void setProperty(Object bean, String name, Object value)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        setNestedProperty(bean, name, value);

    }

    /**
     * Set the value of the specified simple property of the specified bean,
     * with no type conversions.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be modified
     * @param name Name of the property to be modified
     * @param value Value to which the property should be set
     *
     * @exception IllegalAccessException if the caller does not have
     *  access to the property accessor method
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if <code>bean</code> or
     *  <code>name</code> is null
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the property name is
     *  nested or indexed
     * @exception InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method
     *  throws an exception
     * @exception NoSuchMethodException if an accessor method for this
     *  propety cannot be found
     */
    public void setSimpleProperty(Object bean, String name, Object value)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        //System.out.println("target: "+bean+"   filed: "+name+"   value: "+value);
        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No bean specified");
        }
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No name specified for bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Validate the syntax of the property name
        if (resolver.hasNested(name)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Nested property names are not allowed: Property '" + name
                    + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        } else if (resolver.isIndexed(name)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Indexed property names are not allowed: Property '" + name
                    + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        } else if (resolver.isMapped(name)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Mapped property names are not allowed: Property '" + name
                    + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Handle DynaBean instances specially
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            DynaProperty descriptor = ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name);
            if (descriptor == null) {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException(
                        "Unknown property '" + name + "' on dynaclass '" + ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass() + "'");
            }
            ((DynaBean) bean).set(name, value);
            return;
        }

        // Retrieve the property setter method for the specified property
        PropertyDescriptor descriptor = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
        if (descriptor == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException("Unknown property '" + name + "' on class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }
        Method writeMethod = getWriteMethod(bean.getClass(), descriptor);
        if (writeMethod == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException(
                    "Property '" + name + "' has no setter method in class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Call the property setter method
        Object[] values = new Object[1];
        values[0] = value;
        if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
            String valueClassName = value == null ? "<null>" : value.getClass().getName();
            log.trace("setSimpleProperty: Invoking method " + writeMethod + " with value " + value + " (class "
                    + valueClassName + ")");
        }
        invokeMethod(writeMethod, bean, values);

    }

    /** This just catches and wraps IllegalArgumentException. */
    protected Object invokeMethod(Method method, Object bean, Object[] values)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
        if (bean == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "No bean specified " + "- this should have been checked before reaching this method");
        }

        try {

            return method.invoke(bean, values);

        } catch (NullPointerException cause) {
            // JDK 1.3 and JDK 1.4 throw NullPointerException if an argument is
            // null for a primitive value (JDK 1.5+ throw IllegalArgumentException)
            String valueString = "";
            if (values != null) {
                for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
                    if (i > 0) {
                        valueString += ", ";
                    }
                    if (values[i] == null) {
                        valueString += "<null>";
                    } else {
                        valueString += (values[i]).getClass().getName();
                    }
                }
            }
            String expectedString = "";
            Class[] parTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
            if (parTypes != null) {
                for (int i = 0; i < parTypes.length; i++) {
                    if (i > 0) {
                        expectedString += ", ";
                    }
                    expectedString += parTypes[i].getName();
                }
            }
            IllegalArgumentException e = new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Cannot invoke " + method.getDeclaringClass().getName() + "." + method.getName()
                            + " on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "' - " + cause.getMessage()
                            // as per https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/BEANUTILS-224
                            + " - had objects of type \"" + valueString + "\" but expected signature \""
                            + expectedString + "\"");
            if (!BeanUtils.initCause(e, cause)) {
                log.error("Method invocation failed", cause);
            }
            throw e;
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException cause) {
            String valueString = "";
            if (values != null) {
                for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
                    if (i > 0) {
                        valueString += ", ";
                    }
                    if (values[i] == null) {
                        valueString += "<null>";
                    } else {
                        valueString += (values[i]).getClass().getName();
                    }
                }
            }
            String expectedString = "";
            Class[] parTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
            if (parTypes != null) {
                for (int i = 0; i < parTypes.length; i++) {
                    if (i > 0) {
                        expectedString += ", ";
                    }
                    expectedString += parTypes[i].getName();
                }
            }
            IllegalArgumentException e = new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Cannot invoke " + method.getDeclaringClass().getName() + "." + method.getName()
                            + " on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "' - " + cause.getMessage()
                            // as per https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/BEANUTILS-224
                            + " - had objects of type \"" + valueString + "\" but expected signature \""
                            + expectedString + "\"");
            if (!BeanUtils.initCause(e, cause)) {
                log.error("Method invocation failed", cause);
            }
            //??,null,?
            //throw e;
        }
        return null;
    }
}