Java tutorial
/* * The MIT License (MIT) * * Copyright (c) 2016. Diorite (by Bartomiej Mazur (aka GotoFinal)) * * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: * * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all * copies or substantial portions of the Software. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE * SOFTWARE. */ package org.diorite.utils.math; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils; @SuppressWarnings("MagicNumber") public class RomanNumeral { private static final Map<Integer, String> baseValues = new HashMap<>(10); private final int num; private transient String romanStr; static { baseValues.put(0, ""); baseValues.put(1, "I"); baseValues.put(2, "II"); baseValues.put(3, "III"); baseValues.put(4, "IV"); baseValues.put(5, "V"); baseValues.put(6, "VI"); baseValues.put(7, "VII"); baseValues.put(8, "VIII"); baseValues.put(9, "IX"); baseValues.put(10, "X"); baseValues.put(20, "XX"); baseValues.put(30, "XXX"); baseValues.put(40, "XL"); baseValues.put(50, "L"); baseValues.put(60, "LX"); baseValues.put(70, "LXX"); baseValues.put(80, "LXXX"); baseValues.put(90, "XC"); baseValues.put(100, "C"); baseValues.put(200, "CC"); baseValues.put(300, "CCC"); baseValues.put(400, "CD"); baseValues.put(500, "D"); baseValues.put(600, "DC"); baseValues.put(700, "DCC"); baseValues.put(800, "DCCC"); baseValues.put(900, "CM"); baseValues.put(1000, "M"); } public RomanNumeral(final int arabic, final boolean valid) { if (valid && (arabic < 0)) { throw new NumberFormatException("Value of RomanNumeral must be positive."); } if (valid && (arabic > 3999)) { throw new NumberFormatException("Value of RomanNumeral must be 3999 or less."); } this.num = arabic; } public RomanNumeral(final int arabic) { this(arabic, true); } public RomanNumeral(final String roman, final boolean safeForm) { if (safeForm) { this.romanStr = roman; } this.num = toInt(roman); } public RomanNumeral(final String roman) { this(roman, false); } public RomanNumeral add(final RomanNumeral other) { return new RomanNumeral(this.num + other.num, false); } public RomanNumeral subtract(final RomanNumeral other) { return new RomanNumeral(this.num - other.num, false); } public RomanNumeral multiple(final RomanNumeral other) { return new RomanNumeral(this.num * other.num, false); } public RomanNumeral divide(final RomanNumeral other) { return new RomanNumeral(this.num / other.num, false); } @Override public String toString() { if (this.romanStr == null) { this.romanStr = toString(this.num); } return this.romanStr; } public int toInt() { return this.num; } private static int letterToNumber(final char letter) { switch (letter) { case 'I': return 1; case 'V': return 5; case 'X': return 10; case 'L': return 50; case 'C': return 100; case 'D': return 500; case 'M': return 1000; default: throw new NumberFormatException("Illegal character \"" + letter + "\" in Roman numeral"); } } private static int pow(int i, final int pow) { if (pow == 0) { return 1; } if (pow == 1) { return i; } for (int k = 0; k < (pow - 1); k++) { i *= i; } return i; } public static int toInt(String roman) throws NumberFormatException { final boolean negative = roman.startsWith("-"); if (negative) { roman = roman.substring(1); } if (roman.isEmpty()) { return 0; } final char[] charArray = roman.toUpperCase().toCharArray(); int lastValue = 0; int lastMulti = 1; int result = 0; for (int i = 0, charArrayLength = charArray.length; i < charArrayLength; i++) { final char c = charArray[i]; final int value = letterToNumber(c); if (i == 0) { if ((i + 1) >= charArrayLength) { result += value; break; } lastValue = value; continue; } if (value == lastValue) { lastMulti++; continue; } if (lastValue < value) { if (lastMulti != 0) { result += (value - (lastValue * lastMulti)); } else { result += (value - (lastValue << 1)); } } else { result += lastValue * lastMulti; result += value; } lastMulti = 0; lastValue = value; } if (lastMulti != 0) { result += (lastValue * lastMulti); } return negative ? -result : result; } public static String toString(int num) { boolean negative = false; if (num < 0) { num *= -1; negative = true; } String roman = baseValues.get(num); if (roman == null) { roman = negative ? "-" : ""; } else { return roman; } while (num >= 1000) { roman += "M"; num -= 1000; } if (num == 0) { return roman; } final String str = Integer.toString(num); final char[] charArray = str.toCharArray(); final String[] romanParts = new String[charArray.length]; int k = 0; for (int i = charArray.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) { final char c = charArray[i]; switch (c) { case '1': romanParts[i] = baseValues.get(pow(10, k)); break; case '2': romanParts[i] = baseValues.get(2 * pow(10, k)); break; case '3': romanParts[i] = baseValues.get(3 * pow(10, k)); break; case '4': romanParts[i] = baseValues.get(4 * pow(10, k)); break; case '5': romanParts[i] = baseValues.get(5 * pow(10, k)); break; case '6': romanParts[i] = baseValues.get(6 * pow(10, k)); break; case '7': romanParts[i] = baseValues.get(7 * pow(10, k)); break; case '8': romanParts[i] = baseValues.get(8 * pow(10, k)); break; case '9': romanParts[i] = baseValues.get(9 * pow(10, k)); break; default: break; } k++; } return roman + StringUtils.join(romanParts); } }