org.aspectj.bridge.MessageUtil.java Source code

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/* *******************************************************************
 * Copyright (c) 1999-2001 Xerox Corporation, 
 *               2002 Palo Alto Research Center, Incorporated (PARC).
 * All rights reserved. 
 * This program and the accompanying materials are made available 
 * under the terms of the Eclipse Public License v1.0 
 * which accompanies this distribution and is available at 
 * http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html 
 *  
 * Contributors: 
 *     Xerox/PARC     initial implementation 
 * ******************************************************************/

package org.aspectj.bridge;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.aspectj.bridge.IMessage.Kind;
import org.aspectj.util.LangUtil;

/**
 * Convenience API's for constructing, printing, and sending messages.
 */
public class MessageUtil {

    // ------ some constant, content-less messages
    // no variants for "info" or "debug", which should always have content
    public static final IMessage ABORT_NOTHING_TO_RUN = new Message("aborting - nothing to run", IMessage.ABORT,
            null, null);

    public static final IMessage FAIL_INCOMPLETE = new Message("run not completed", IMessage.FAIL, null, null);

    public static final IMessage ABORT_NOMESSAGE = new Message("", IMessage.ABORT, null, null);

    public static final IMessage FAIL_NOMESSAGE = new Message("", IMessage.FAIL, null, null);

    public static final IMessage ERROR_NOMESSAGE = new Message("", IMessage.ERROR, null, null);

    public static final IMessage WARNING_NOMESSAGE = new Message("", IMessage.WARNING, null, null);

    /** handle abort message (ignored if handler is null) */
    public static boolean abort(IMessageHandler handler, String message) {
        return ((null != handler) && handler.handleMessage(abort(message)));
    }

    /** create and handle exception message (ignored if handler is null) */
    public static boolean abort(IMessageHandler handler, String message, Throwable t) {
        if (handler != null) {
            return handler.handleMessage(abort(message, t));
        }
        return false;
    }

    /** create and handle fail message (ignored if handler is null) */
    public static boolean fail(IMessageHandler handler, String message) {
        return ((null != handler) && handler.handleMessage(fail(message)));
    }

    // /** create and handle fail message from reader (ignored if handler is null) */
    // public static boolean fail(IMessageHandler handler, String message, LineReader reader) {
    // return ((null != handler)
    // && handler.handleMessage(fail(message, reader)));
    // }

    /** create and handle fail message (ignored if handler is null) */
    public static boolean fail(IMessageHandler handler, String message, Throwable thrown) {
        return ((null != handler) && handler.handleMessage(fail(message, thrown)));
    }

    /** create and handle error message (ignored if handler is null) */
    public static boolean error(IMessageHandler handler, String message) {
        return ((null != handler) && handler.handleMessage(error(message)));
    }

    /** create and handle warn message (ignored if handler is null) */
    public static boolean warn(IMessageHandler handler, String message) {
        return ((null != handler) && handler.handleMessage(warn(message)));
    }

    /** create and handle debug message (ignored if handler is null) */
    public static boolean debug(IMessageHandler handler, String message) {
        return ((null != handler) && handler.handleMessage(debug(message)));
    }

    /** create and handle info message (ignored if handler is null) */
    public static boolean info(IMessageHandler handler, String message) {
        return ((null != handler) && handler.handleMessage(info(message)));
    }

    /** @return ABORT_NOMESSAGE if message is empty or IMessage otherwise */
    //
    public static IMessage abort(String message) {
        if (LangUtil.isEmpty(message)) {
            return ABORT_NOMESSAGE;
        } else {
            return new Message(message, IMessage.ABORT, null, null);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @return abort IMessage with thrown and message o ABORT_NOMESSAGE if both are empty/null
     */
    //
    public static IMessage abort(String message, Throwable thrown) {
        if (!LangUtil.isEmpty(message)) {
            return new Message(message, IMessage.ABORT, thrown, null);
        } else if (null == thrown) {
            return ABORT_NOMESSAGE;
        } else {
            return new Message(thrown.getMessage(), IMessage.ABORT, thrown, null);
        }
    }

    /** @return FAIL_NOMESSAGE if message is empty or IMessage otherwise */
    public static IMessage fail(String message) {
        if (LangUtil.isEmpty(message)) {
            return FAIL_NOMESSAGE;
        } else {
            return new Message(message, IMessage.FAIL, null, ISourceLocation.EMPTY);

            // return fail(message, (LineReader) null);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Create fail message. If message is empty but thrown is not, use thrown.getMessage() as the message. If message is empty and
     * thrown is null, return FAIL_NOMESSAGE.
     * 
     * @return FAIL_NOMESSAGE if thrown is null and message is empty or IMessage FAIL with message and thrown otherwise
     */
    public static IMessage fail(String message, Throwable thrown) {
        if (LangUtil.isEmpty(message)) {
            if (null == thrown) {
                return FAIL_NOMESSAGE;
            } else {
                return new Message(thrown.getMessage(), IMessage.FAIL, thrown, null);
            }
        } else {
            return new Message(message, IMessage.FAIL, thrown, null);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @return IMessage with IMessage.Kind FAIL and message as text and soure location from reader
     */
    // public static IMessage fail(String message) {//, LineReader reader) {
    // ISourceLocation loc = null;
    // if (null == reader) {
    // loc = ISourceLocation.EMPTY;
    // } else {
    // int line = reader.getLineNumber();
    // if (0 < line) {
    // line = 0;
    // }
    // loc = new SourceLocation(reader.getFile(), line, line, 0);
    // }
    // return new Message(message, IMessage.FAIL, null, ISourceLocation.EMPTY);
    // }

    /** @return ERROR_NOMESSAGE if message is empty or IMessage otherwise */
    //
    public static IMessage error(String message, ISourceLocation location) {
        if (LangUtil.isEmpty(message)) {
            return ERROR_NOMESSAGE;
        } else {
            return new Message(message, IMessage.ERROR, null, location);
        }
    }

    /** @return WARNING_NOMESSAGE if message is empty or IMessage otherwise */
    //
    public static IMessage warn(String message, ISourceLocation location) {
        if (LangUtil.isEmpty(message)) {
            return WARNING_NOMESSAGE;
        } else {
            return new Message(message, IMessage.WARNING, null, location);
        }
    }

    /** @return ERROR_NOMESSAGE if message is empty or IMessage otherwise */
    //
    public static IMessage error(String message) {
        if (LangUtil.isEmpty(message)) {
            return ERROR_NOMESSAGE;
        } else {
            return new Message(message, IMessage.ERROR, null, null);
        }
    }

    /** @return WARNING_NOMESSAGE if message is empty or IMessage otherwise */
    //
    public static IMessage warn(String message) {
        if (LangUtil.isEmpty(message)) {
            return WARNING_NOMESSAGE;
        } else {
            return new Message(message, IMessage.WARNING, null, null);
        }
    }

    /** @return IMessage.DEBUG message with message content */
    public static IMessage debug(String message) {
        return new Message(message, IMessage.DEBUG, null, null);
    }

    /** @return IMessage.INFO message with message content */
    public static IMessage info(String message) {
        return new Message(message, IMessage.INFO, null, null);
    }

    // /** @return ISourceLocation with the current File/line of the reader */
    // public static ISourceLocation makeSourceLocation(LineReader reader) {
    // LangUtil.throwIaxIfNull(reader, "reader");
    //
    // int line = reader.getLineNumber();
    // if (0 < line) {
    // line = 0;
    // }
    // return new SourceLocation(reader.getFile(), line, line, 0);
    // }

    // ------------------------ printing messages
    /**
     * Print total counts message to the print stream, starting each on a new line
     * 
     * @param messageHolder
     * @param out
     */
    public static void printMessageCounts(PrintStream out, IMessageHolder messageHolder) {
        if ((null == out) || (null == messageHolder)) {
            return;
        }
        printMessageCounts(out, messageHolder, "");
    }

    public static void printMessageCounts(PrintStream out, IMessageHolder holder, String prefix) {
        out.println(prefix + "MessageHolder: " + MessageUtil.renderCounts(holder));
    }

    /**
     * Print all message to the print stream, starting each on a new line
     * 
     * @param messageHolder
     * @param out
     * @see #print(PrintStream, String, IMessageHolder, IMessageRenderer, IMessageHandler)
     */
    public static void print(PrintStream out, IMessageHolder messageHolder) {
        print(out, messageHolder, (String) null, (IMessageRenderer) null, (IMessageHandler) null);
    }

    /**
     * Print all message to the print stream, starting each on a new line, with a prefix.
     * 
     * @param messageHolder
     * @param out
     * @see #print(PrintStream, String, IMessageHolder, IMessageRenderer, IMessageHandler)
     */
    public static void print(PrintStream out, IMessageHolder holder, String prefix) {
        print(out, holder, prefix, (IMessageRenderer) null, (IMessageHandler) null);
    }

    /**
     * Print all message to the print stream, starting each on a new line, with a prefix and using a renderer.
     * 
     * @param messageHolder
     * @param out
     * @param renderer IMessageRender to render result - use MESSAGE_LINE if null
     * @see #print(PrintStream, String, IMessageHolder, IMessageRenderer, IMessageHandler)
     */
    public static void print(PrintStream out, IMessageHolder holder, String prefix, IMessageRenderer renderer) {
        print(out, holder, prefix, renderer, (IMessageHandler) null);
    }

    /**
     * Print all message to the print stream, starting each on a new line, with a prefix and using a renderer. The first line
     * renders a summary: {prefix}MessageHolder: {summary} Each message line has the following form:
     * 
     * <pre>
     * {prefix}[{kind} {index}]: {rendering}
     * </pre>
     * 
     * (where "{index}" (length 3) is the position within the set of like-kinded messages, ignoring selector omissions. Renderers
     * are free to render multi-line output.
     * 
     * @param out the PrintStream sink - return silently if null
     * @param messageHolder the IMessageHolder with the messages to print
     * @param renderer IMessageRender to render result - use MESSAGE_ALL if null
     * @param selector IMessageHandler to select messages to render - if null, do all non-null
     */
    public static void print(PrintStream out, IMessageHolder holder, String prefix, IMessageRenderer renderer,
            IMessageHandler selector) {
        print(out, holder, prefix, renderer, selector, true);
    }

    public static void print(PrintStream out, IMessageHolder holder, String prefix, IMessageRenderer renderer,
            IMessageHandler selector, boolean printSummary) {
        if ((null == out) || (null == holder)) {
            return;
        }
        if (null == renderer) {
            renderer = MESSAGE_ALL;
        }
        if (null == selector) {
            selector = PICK_ALL;
        }
        if (printSummary) {
            out.println(prefix + "MessageHolder: " + MessageUtil.renderCounts(holder));
        }
        for (IMessage.Kind kind : IMessage.KINDS) {
            if (!selector.isIgnoring(kind)) {
                IMessage[] messages = holder.getMessages(kind, IMessageHolder.EQUAL);
                for (int i = 0; i < messages.length; i++) {
                    if (selector.handleMessage(messages[i])) {
                        String label = (null == prefix ? ""
                                : prefix + "[" + kind + " " + LangUtil.toSizedString(i, 3) + "]: ");
                        out.println(label + renderer.renderToString(messages[i]));
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public static String toShortString(IMessage message) {
        if (null == message) {
            return "null";
        }
        String m = message.getMessage();
        Throwable t = message.getThrown();

        return (message.getKind() + (null == m ? "" : ": " + m)
                + (null == t ? "" : ": " + LangUtil.unqualifiedClassName(t)));
    }

    /** @return int number of message of this kind (optionally or greater) in list */
    public static int numMessages(List<IMessage> messages, Kind kind, boolean orGreater) {
        if (LangUtil.isEmpty(messages)) {
            return 0;
        }
        IMessageHandler selector = makeSelector(kind, orGreater, null);
        IMessage[] result = visitMessages(messages, selector, true, false);
        return result.length;
    }

    /**
     * Select all messages in holder except those of the same kind (optionally or greater). If kind is null, then all messages are
     * rejected, so an empty list is returned.
     * 
     * @return unmodifiable list of specified IMessage
     */
    public static IMessage[] getMessagesExcept(IMessageHolder holder, final IMessage.Kind kind,
            final boolean orGreater) {
        if ((null == holder) || (null == kind)) {
            return new IMessage[0];
        }

        IMessageHandler selector = new IMessageHandler() {
            public boolean handleMessage(IMessage message) {
                IMessage.Kind test = message.getKind();
                return (!(orGreater ? kind.isSameOrLessThan(test) : kind == test));
            }

            public boolean isIgnoring(Kind kind) {
                return false;
            }

            public void dontIgnore(IMessage.Kind kind) {

            }

            public void ignore(Kind kind) {
            }
        };
        return visitMessages(holder, selector, true, false);
    }

    /** @return unmodifiable list of IMessage complying with parameters */
    public static List<IMessage> getMessages(IMessageHolder holder, IMessage.Kind kind, boolean orGreater,
            String infix) {
        if (null == holder) {
            return Collections.emptyList();
        }
        if ((null == kind) && LangUtil.isEmpty(infix)) {
            return holder.getUnmodifiableListView();
        }
        IMessageHandler selector = makeSelector(kind, orGreater, infix);
        IMessage[] messages = visitMessages(holder, selector, true, false);
        if (LangUtil.isEmpty(messages)) {
            return Collections.emptyList();
        }
        return Collections.unmodifiableList(Arrays.asList(messages));
    }

    /**
     * Extract messages of type kind from the input list.
     * 
     * @param messages if null, return EMPTY_LIST
     * @param kind if null, return messages
     * @see MessageHandler#getMessages(Kind)
     */
    public static List<IMessage> getMessages(List<IMessage> messages, IMessage.Kind kind) {
        if (null == messages) {
            return Collections.emptyList();
        }
        if (null == kind) {
            return messages;
        }
        ArrayList<IMessage> result = new ArrayList<IMessage>();
        for (IMessage message : messages) {
            if (kind == message.getKind()) {
                result.add(message);
            }
        }
        if (0 == result.size()) {
            return Collections.emptyList();
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Map to the kind of messages associated with this string key.
     * 
     * @param kind the String representing the kind of message (IMessage.Kind.toString())
     * @return Kind the associated IMessage.Kind, or null if not found
     */
    public static IMessage.Kind getKind(String kind) {
        if (null != kind) {
            kind = kind.toLowerCase();
            for (IMessage.Kind k : IMessage.KINDS) {
                if (kind.equals(k.toString())) {
                    return k;
                }
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Run visitor over the set of messages in holder, optionally accumulating those accepted by the visitor
     */
    public static IMessage[] visitMessages(IMessageHolder holder, IMessageHandler visitor, boolean accumulate,
            boolean abortOnFail) {
        if (null == holder) {
            return IMessage.RA_IMessage;
        } else {
            return visitMessages(holder.getUnmodifiableListView(), visitor, accumulate, abortOnFail);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Run visitor over the set of messages in holder, optionally accumulating those accepted by the visitor
     */
    public static IMessage[] visitMessages(IMessage[] messages, IMessageHandler visitor, boolean accumulate,
            boolean abortOnFail) {
        if (LangUtil.isEmpty(messages)) {
            return IMessage.RA_IMessage;
        } else {
            return visitMessages(Arrays.asList(messages), visitor, accumulate, abortOnFail);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Run visitor over a collection of messages, optionally accumulating those accepted by the visitor
     * 
     * @param messages if null or empty, return IMessage.RA_IMessage
     * @param visitor run visitor.handleMessage(message) on each message - if null and messages not empty, IllegalArgumentException
     * @param accumulate if true, then return accepted IMessage[]
     * @param abortOnFail if true and visitor returns false, stop visiting
     * @return IMessage.RA_IMessage if collection is empty, if not accumulate, or if visitor accepted no IMessage, or IMessage[] of
     *         accepted messages otherwise
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any in collection are not instanceof IMessage
     */
    public static IMessage[] visitMessages(Collection<IMessage> messages, IMessageHandler visitor,
            final boolean accumulate, final boolean abortOnFail) {
        if (LangUtil.isEmpty(messages)) {
            return IMessage.RA_IMessage;
        }
        LangUtil.throwIaxIfNull(visitor, "visitor");
        ArrayList<IMessage> result = (accumulate ? new ArrayList<IMessage>() : null);
        for (IMessage m : messages) {
            if (visitor.handleMessage(m)) {
                if (accumulate) {
                    result.add(m);
                }
            } else if (abortOnFail) {
                break;
            }
        }
        if (!accumulate || (0 == result.size())) {
            return IMessage.RA_IMessage;
        } else {
            return result.toArray(IMessage.RA_IMessage);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Make an IMessageHandler that handles IMessage if they have the right kind (or greater) and contain some infix String.
     * 
     * @param kind the IMessage.Kind required of the message
     * @param orGreater if true, also accept messages with greater kinds, as defined by IMessage.Kind.COMPARATOR
     * @param infix the String text to require in the message - may be null or empty to accept any message with the specified kind.
     * @return IMessageHandler selector that works to param specs
     */
    public static IMessageHandler makeSelector(IMessage.Kind kind, boolean orGreater, String infix) {
        if (!orGreater && LangUtil.isEmpty(infix)) {
            if (kind == IMessage.ABORT) {
                return PICK_ABORT;
            } else if (kind == IMessage.DEBUG) {
                return PICK_DEBUG;
            } else if (kind == IMessage.DEBUG) {
                return PICK_DEBUG;
            } else if (kind == IMessage.ERROR) {
                return PICK_ERROR;
            } else if (kind == IMessage.FAIL) {
                return PICK_FAIL;
            } else if (kind == IMessage.INFO) {
                return PICK_INFO;
            } else if (kind == IMessage.WARNING) {
                return PICK_WARNING;
            }
        }
        return new KindSelector(kind, orGreater, infix);
    }

    // ------------------ visitors to select messages
    public static final IMessageHandler PICK_ALL = new KindSelector((IMessage.Kind) null);
    public static final IMessageHandler PICK_ABORT = new KindSelector(IMessage.ABORT);
    public static final IMessageHandler PICK_DEBUG = new KindSelector(IMessage.DEBUG);
    public static final IMessageHandler PICK_ERROR = new KindSelector(IMessage.ERROR);
    public static final IMessageHandler PICK_FAIL = new KindSelector(IMessage.FAIL);
    public static final IMessageHandler PICK_INFO = new KindSelector(IMessage.INFO);
    public static final IMessageHandler PICK_WARNING = new KindSelector(IMessage.WARNING);
    public static final IMessageHandler PICK_ABORT_PLUS = new KindSelector(IMessage.ABORT, true);
    public static final IMessageHandler PICK_DEBUG_PLUS = new KindSelector(IMessage.DEBUG, true);
    public static final IMessageHandler PICK_ERROR_PLUS = new KindSelector(IMessage.ERROR, true);
    public static final IMessageHandler PICK_FAIL_PLUS = new KindSelector(IMessage.FAIL, true);
    public static final IMessageHandler PICK_INFO_PLUS = new KindSelector(IMessage.INFO, true);
    public static final IMessageHandler PICK_WARNING_PLUS = new KindSelector(IMessage.WARNING, true);

    /** implementation for PICK_... constants */
    private static class KindSelector implements IMessageHandler {
        final IMessage.Kind sought;
        final boolean floor;
        final String infix;

        KindSelector(IMessage.Kind sought) {
            this(sought, false);
        }

        KindSelector(IMessage.Kind sought, boolean floor) {
            this(sought, floor, null);
        }

        KindSelector(IMessage.Kind sought, boolean floor, String infix) {
            this.sought = sought;
            this.floor = floor;
            this.infix = (LangUtil.isEmpty(infix) ? null : infix);
        }

        /**
         * @return false if this message is null, of true if we seek any kind (null) or if this has the exact kind we seek and this
         *         has any text sought
         */
        public boolean handleMessage(IMessage message) {
            return ((null != message) && !isIgnoring(message.getKind()) && textIn(message));
        }

        /** @return true if handleMessage would return false for a message of this kind */
        public boolean isIgnoring(IMessage.Kind kind) {
            if (!floor) {
                return ((null != sought) && (sought != kind));
            } else if (null == sought) {
                return false;
            } else {
                return (0 < IMessage.Kind.COMPARATOR.compare(sought, kind));
            }
        }

        public void dontIgnore(IMessage.Kind kind) {

        }

        private boolean textIn(IMessage message) {
            if (null == infix) {
                return true;
            }
            String text = message.getMessage();
            return (text.indexOf(infix) != -1);
        }

        public void ignore(Kind kind) {
        }
    }

    // ------------------ components to render messages
    /** parameterize rendering behavior for messages */
    public static interface IMessageRenderer {
        String renderToString(IMessage message);
    }

    /** render message more verbosely if it is worse */
    public static final IMessageRenderer MESSAGE_SCALED = new IMessageRenderer() {
        public String toString() {
            return "MESSAGE_SCALED";
        }

        public String renderToString(IMessage message) {
            if (null == message) {
                return "((IMessage) null)";
            }
            IMessage.Kind kind = message.getKind();
            int level = 3;
            if ((kind == IMessage.ABORT) || (kind == IMessage.FAIL)) {
                level = 1;
            } else if ((kind == IMessage.ERROR) || (kind == IMessage.WARNING)) {
                level = 2;
            } else {
                level = 3;
            }
            String result = null;
            switch (level) {
            case (1):
                result = MESSAGE_TOSTRING.renderToString(message);
                break;
            case (2):
                result = MESSAGE_LINE.renderToString(message);
                break;
            case (3):
                result = MESSAGE_SHORT.renderToString(message);
                break;
            }
            Throwable thrown = message.getThrown();
            if (null != thrown) {
                if (level == 3) {
                    result += "Thrown: \n" + LangUtil.renderExceptionShort(thrown);
                } else {
                    result += "Thrown: \n" + LangUtil.renderException(thrown);
                }
            }

            return result;
        }
    };

    /** render message as label, i.e., less than 33 char */
    public static final IMessageRenderer MESSAGE_LABEL = new IMessageRenderer() {
        public String toString() {
            return "MESSAGE_LABEL";
        }

        public String renderToString(IMessage message) {
            if (null == message) {
                return "((IMessage) null)";
            }
            return renderMessageLine(message, 5, 5, 32);
        }
    };

    /** render message as label, i.e., less than 33 char, with no source location */
    public static final IMessageRenderer MESSAGE_LABEL_NOLOC = new IMessageRenderer() {
        public String toString() {
            return "MESSAGE_LABEL_NOLOC";
        }

        public String renderToString(IMessage message) {
            if (null == message) {
                return "((IMessage) null)";
            }
            return renderMessageLine(message, 10, 0, 32);
        }
    };

    /** render message as line, i.e., less than 75 char, no internal line sep */
    public static final IMessageRenderer MESSAGE_LINE = new IMessageRenderer() {
        public String toString() {
            return "MESSAGE_LINE";
        }

        public String renderToString(IMessage message) {
            if (null == message) {
                return "((IMessage) null)";
            }
            return renderMessageLine(message, 8, 2, 74);
        }
    };

    /**
     * render message as line, i.e., less than 75 char, no internal line sep, trying to trim text as needed to end with a full
     * source location
     */
    public static final IMessageRenderer MESSAGE_LINE_FORCE_LOC = new IMessageRenderer() {
        public String toString() {
            return "MESSAGE_LINE_FORCE_LOC";
        }

        public String renderToString(IMessage message) {
            if (null == message) {
                return "((IMessage) null)";
            }
            return renderMessageLine(message, 2, 40, 74);
        }
    };

    /** render message without restriction, up to 10K, including throwable */
    public static final IMessageRenderer MESSAGE_ALL = new IMessageRenderer() {
        public String toString() {
            return "MESSAGE_ALL";
        }

        public String renderToString(IMessage message) {
            return renderMessage(message);
        }
    };

    // /** render message without restriction, up to 10K, including (but eliding) throwable */
    // public static final IMessageRenderer MESSAGE_ALL_ELIDED= new IMessageRenderer() {
    // public String toString() { return "MESSAGE_ALL_ELIDED"; }
    // public String renderToString(IMessage message) {
    // return renderMessage(message, true);
    // }
    // };

    /** render message without restriction, except any Throwable thrown */
    public static final IMessageRenderer MESSAGE_MOST = new IMessageRenderer() {
        public String toString() {
            return "MESSAGE_MOST";
        }

        public String renderToString(IMessage message) {
            if (null == message) {
                return "((IMessage) null)";
            }
            return renderMessageLine(message, 1, 1, 10000);
        }
    };

    /**
     * render message as wide line, i.e., less than 256 char, no internal line sep, except any Throwable thrown
     */
    public static final IMessageRenderer MESSAGE_WIDELINE = new IMessageRenderer() {
        public String toString() {
            return "MESSAGE_WIDELINE";
        }

        public String renderToString(IMessage message) {
            if (null == message) {
                return "((IMessage) null)";
            }
            return renderMessageLine(message, 8, 2, 255); // XXX revert to 256
        }
    };
    /** render message using its toString() or "((IMessage) null)" */
    public static final IMessageRenderer MESSAGE_TOSTRING = new IMessageRenderer() {
        public String toString() {
            return "MESSAGE_TOSTRING";
        }

        public String renderToString(IMessage message) {
            if (null == message) {
                return "((IMessage) null)";
            }
            return message.toString();
        }
    };

    /** render message using toShortString(IMessage)" */
    public static final IMessageRenderer MESSAGE_SHORT = new IMessageRenderer() {
        public String toString() {
            return "MESSAGE_SHORT";
        }

        public String renderToString(IMessage message) {
            return toShortString(message);
        }
    };

    /**
     * This renders IMessage as String, ignoring empty elements and eliding any thrown stack traces.
     * 
     * @return "((IMessage) null)" if null or String rendering otherwise, including everything (esp. throwable stack trace)
     * @see renderSourceLocation(ISourceLocation loc)
     */
    public static String renderMessage(IMessage message) {
        return renderMessage(message, true);
    }

    /**
     * This renders IMessage as String, ignoring empty elements and eliding any thrown.
     * 
     * @return "((IMessage) null)" if null or String rendering otherwise, including everything (esp. throwable stack trace)
     * @see renderSourceLocation(ISourceLocation loc)
     */
    public static String renderMessage(IMessage message, boolean elide) {
        if (null == message) {
            return "((IMessage) null)";
        }

        ISourceLocation loc = message.getSourceLocation();
        String locString = (null == loc ? "" : " at " + loc);

        String result = message.getKind() + locString + " " + message.getMessage();

        Throwable thrown = message.getThrown();
        if (thrown != null) {
            result += " -- " + LangUtil.renderExceptionShort(thrown);
            result += "\n" + LangUtil.renderException(thrown, elide);
        }

        if (message.getExtraSourceLocations().isEmpty()) {
            return result;
        } else {
            return addExtraSourceLocations(message, result);
        }
    }

    public static String addExtraSourceLocations(IMessage message, String baseMessage) {
        StringWriter buf = new StringWriter();
        PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(buf);
        writer.println(baseMessage);
        for (Iterator<ISourceLocation> iter = message.getExtraSourceLocations().iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {
            ISourceLocation element = iter.next();
            if (element != null) {
                writer.print("\tsee also: " + element.toString());
                if (iter.hasNext()) {
                    writer.println();
                }
            }
        }
        try {
            buf.close();
        } catch (IOException ioe) {
        }
        return buf.getBuffer().toString();
    }

    /**
     * Render ISourceLocation to String, ignoring empty elements (null or ISourceLocation.NO_FILE or ISourceLocation.NO_COLUMN
     * (though implementations may return 0 from getColumn() when passed NO_COLUMN as input)).
     * 
     * @return "((ISourceLocation) null)" if null or String rendering
     * 
     *         <pre>
     * {file:}line{:column}
     * </pre>
     * 
     */
    public static String renderSourceLocation(ISourceLocation loc) {
        if (null == loc) {
            return "((ISourceLocation) null)";
        }
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

        File sourceFile = loc.getSourceFile();
        if (sourceFile != ISourceLocation.NO_FILE) {
            sb.append(sourceFile.getPath());
            sb.append(":");
        }
        int line = loc.getLine();
        sb.append("" + line);

        int column = loc.getColumn();
        if (column != ISourceLocation.NO_COLUMN) {
            sb.append(":" + column);
        }

        return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Render message in a line. IMessage.Kind is always printed, then any unqualified exception class, then the remainder of text
     * and location according to their relative scale, all to fit in max characters or less. This does not render thrown except for
     * the unqualified class name
     * 
     * @param max the number of characters - forced to 32..10000
     * @param textScale relative proportion to spend on message and/or exception message, relative to source location - if 0,
     *        message is suppressed
     * @param locScale relative proportion to spend on source location suppressed if 0
     * @return "((IMessage) null)" or message per spec
     */
    public static String renderMessageLine(IMessage message, int textScale, int locScale, int max) {

        if (null == message) {
            return "((IMessage) null)";
        }
        if (max < 32) {
            max = 32;
        } else if (max > 10000) {
            max = 10000;
        }
        if (0 > textScale) {
            textScale = -textScale;
        }
        if (0 > locScale) {
            locScale = -locScale;
        }

        String text = message.getMessage();
        Throwable thrown = message.getThrown();
        ISourceLocation sl = message.getSourceLocation();
        IMessage.Kind kind = message.getKind();
        StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
        result.append(kind.toString());
        result.append(": ");
        if (null != thrown) {
            result.append(LangUtil.unqualifiedClassName(thrown) + " ");
            if ((null == text) || ("".equals(text))) {
                text = thrown.getMessage();
            }
        }

        if (0 == textScale) {
            text = "";
        } else if ((null != text) && (null != thrown)) {
            // decide between message and exception text?
            String s = thrown.getMessage();
            if ((null != s) && (0 < s.length())) {
                text += " - " + s;
            }
        }
        String loc = "";
        if ((0 != locScale) && (null != sl)) {
            File f = sl.getSourceFile();
            if (f == ISourceLocation.NO_FILE) {
                f = null;
            }
            if (null != f) {
                loc = f.getName();
            }
            int line = sl.getLine();
            int col = sl.getColumn();
            int end = sl.getEndLine();
            if ((0 == line) && (0 == col) && (0 == end)) {
                // ignore numbers if default
            } else {
                loc += ":" + line + (col == 0 ? "" : ":" + col);
                if (line != end) { // XXX consider suppressing nonstandard...
                    loc += ":" + end;
                }
            }
            if (!LangUtil.isEmpty(loc)) {
                loc = "@[" + loc; // matching "]" added below after clipping
            }
        }

        // now budget between text and loc
        float totalScale = locScale + textScale;
        float remainder = max - result.length() - 4;
        if ((remainder > 0) && (0 < totalScale)) {
            int textSize = (int) (remainder * textScale / totalScale);
            int locSize = (int) (remainder * locScale / totalScale);
            // adjust for underutilization
            int extra = locSize - loc.length();
            if (0 < extra) {
                locSize = loc.length();
                textSize += extra;
            }
            extra = textSize - text.length();
            if (0 < extra) {
                textSize = text.length();
                if (locSize < loc.length()) {
                    locSize += extra;
                }
            }
            if (locSize > loc.length()) {
                locSize = loc.length();
            }
            if (textSize > text.length()) {
                textSize = text.length();
            }
            if (0 < textSize) {
                result.append(text.substring(0, textSize));
            }
            if (0 < locSize) {
                if (0 < textSize) {
                    result.append(" ");
                }
                result.append(loc.substring(0, locSize) + "]");
            }
        }
        return result.toString();
    }

    /** @return String of the form "{(# {type}) }.." for message kinds, skipping 0 */
    public static String renderCounts(IMessageHolder holder) {
        if (0 == holder.numMessages(null, false)) {
            return "(0 messages)";
        }
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        for (IMessage.Kind kind : IMessage.KINDS) {
            int num = holder.numMessages(kind, false);
            if (0 < num) {
                sb.append(" (" + num + " " + kind + ") ");
            }
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Factory for handler adapted to PrintStream XXX weak - only handles println(String)
     * 
     * @param handler the IMessageHandler sink for the messages generated
     * @param kind the IMessage.Kind of message to create
     * @param overage the OuputStream for text not captured by the handler (if null, System.out used)
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if kind or handler is null
     */
    public static PrintStream handlerPrintStream(final IMessageHandler handler, final IMessage.Kind kind,
            final OutputStream overage, final String prefix) {
        LangUtil.throwIaxIfNull(handler, "handler");
        LangUtil.throwIaxIfNull(kind, "kind");
        class HandlerPrintStream extends PrintStream {
            HandlerPrintStream() {
                super(null == overage ? System.out : overage);
            }

            public void println() {
                println("");
            }

            public void println(Object o) {
                println(null == o ? "null" : o.toString());
            }

            public void println(String input) {
                String textMessage = (null == prefix ? input : prefix + input);
                IMessage m = new Message(textMessage, kind, null, null);
                handler.handleMessage(m);
            }
        }
        return new HandlerPrintStream();
    }

    /** utility class */
    private MessageUtil() {
    }

    /**
     * Handle all messages in the second handler using the first
     * 
     * @param handler the IMessageHandler sink for all messages in source
     * @param holder the IMessageHolder source for all messages to handle
     * @param fastFail if true, stop on first failure
     * @return false if any sink.handleMessage(..) failed
     */
    public static boolean handleAll(IMessageHandler sink, IMessageHolder source, boolean fastFail) {
        return handleAll(sink, source, null, true, fastFail);
    }

    /**
     * Handle messages in the second handler using the first
     * 
     * @param handler the IMessageHandler sink for all messages in source
     * @param holder the IMessageHolder source for all messages to handle
     * @param kind the IMessage.Kind to select, if not null
     * @param orGreater if true, also accept greater kinds
     * @param fastFail if true, stop on first failure
     * @return false if any sink.handleMessage(..) failed
     */
    public static boolean handleAll(IMessageHandler sink, IMessageHolder source, IMessage.Kind kind,
            boolean orGreater, boolean fastFail) {
        LangUtil.throwIaxIfNull(sink, "sink");
        LangUtil.throwIaxIfNull(source, "source");
        return handleAll(sink, source.getMessages(kind, orGreater), fastFail);
    }

    /**
     * Handle messages in the second handler using the first if they are NOT of this kind (optionally, or greater). If you pass null
     * as the kind, then all messages are ignored and this returns true.
     * 
     * @param handler the IMessageHandler sink for all messages in source
     * @param holder the IMessageHolder source for all messages to handle
     * @param kind the IMessage.Kind to reject, if not null
     * @param orGreater if true, also reject greater kinds
     * @param fastFail if true, stop on first failure
     * @return false if any sink.handleMessage(..) failed
     */
    public static boolean handleAllExcept(IMessageHandler sink, IMessageHolder source, IMessage.Kind kind,
            boolean orGreater, boolean fastFail) {
        LangUtil.throwIaxIfNull(sink, "sink");
        LangUtil.throwIaxIfNull(source, "source");
        if (null == kind) {
            return true;
        }
        IMessage[] messages = getMessagesExcept(source, kind, orGreater);
        return handleAll(sink, messages, fastFail);
    }

    /**
     * Handle messages in the sink.
     * 
     * @param handler the IMessageHandler sink for all messages in source
     * @param sources the IMessage[] messages to handle
     * @param fastFail if true, stop on first failure
     * @return false if any sink.handleMessage(..) failed
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if sink is null
     */
    public static boolean handleAll(IMessageHandler sink, IMessage[] sources, boolean fastFail) {
        LangUtil.throwIaxIfNull(sink, "sink");
        if (LangUtil.isEmpty(sources)) {
            return true;
        }
        boolean result = true;
        for (int i = 0; i < sources.length; i++) {
            if (!sink.handleMessage(sources[i])) {
                if (fastFail) {
                    return false;
                }
                if (result) {
                    result = false;
                }
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
}