Java tutorial
/** * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package org.apache.nutch.net.urlnormalizer.querystring; import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import java.net.URL; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.List; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils; import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration; import org.apache.nutch.net.URLNormalizer; /** * URL normalizer plugin for normalizing query strings but sorting query string * parameters. Not sorting query strings can lead to large amounts of duplicate * URL's such as ?a=x&b=y vs b=y&a=x. * */ public class QuerystringURLNormalizer implements URLNormalizer { private Configuration conf; private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MethodHandles.lookup().lookupClass()); public QuerystringURLNormalizer() { } public Configuration getConf() { return conf; } public void setConf(Configuration conf) { this.conf = conf; } public String normalize(String urlString, String scope) throws MalformedURLException { URL url = new URL(urlString); String queryString = url.getQuery(); if (queryString == null) { return urlString; } List<String> queryStringParts = Arrays.asList(queryString.split("&")); Collections.sort(queryStringParts); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.append(url.getProtocol()); sb.append("://"); sb.append(url.getHost()); if (url.getPort() > -1) { sb.append(":"); sb.append(url.getPort()); } sb.append(url.getPath()); sb.append("?"); sb.append(StringUtils.join(queryStringParts, "&")); if (url.getRef() != null) { sb.append("#"); sb.append(url.getRef()); } return sb.toString(); } }