Java tutorial
/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
* software distributed under the License is distributed on an
* "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
* KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
* specific language governing permissions and limitations
* under the License.
*
*/
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.AbstractList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import java.util.Queue;
/**
* A unbounded circular queue based on array.
*
* @author The Apache MINA Project (dev@mina.apache.org)
* @version $Rev: 762170 $, $Date: 2009-04-06 00:01:18 +0200 (Mon, 06 Apr 2009) $
*/
public class CircularQueue<E> extends AbstractList<E> implements List<E>, Queue<E>, Serializable {
/** The serialVersionUID : mandatory for serializable classes */
private static final long serialVersionUID = 3993421269224511264L;
/** Minimal size fo the underlying attay */
private static final int DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 4;
/** The initial capacity of the list */
private final int initialCapacity;
// XXX: This volatile keyword here is a workaround for SUN Java Compiler bug,
// which produces buggy byte code. I don't event know why adding a volatile
// fixes the problem. Eclipse Java Compiler seems to produce correct byte code.
private volatile Object[] items;
private int mask;
private int first = 0;
private int last = 0;
private boolean full;
private int shrinkThreshold;
/**
* Construct a new, empty queue.
*/
public CircularQueue() {
this(DEFAULT_CAPACITY);
}
public CircularQueue(int initialCapacity) {
int actualCapacity = normalizeCapacity(initialCapacity);
items = new Object[actualCapacity];
mask = actualCapacity - 1;
this.initialCapacity = actualCapacity;
this.shrinkThreshold = 0;
}
/**
* The capacity must be a power of 2.
*/
private static int normalizeCapacity(int initialCapacity) {
int actualCapacity = 1;
while (actualCapacity < initialCapacity) {
actualCapacity <<= 1;
if (actualCapacity < 0) {
actualCapacity = 1 << 30;
break;
}
}
return actualCapacity;
}
/**
* Returns the capacity of this queue.
*/
public int capacity() {
return items.length;
}
@Override
public void clear() {
if (!isEmpty()) {
Arrays.fill(items, null);
first = 0;
last = 0;
full = false;
shrinkIfNeeded();
}
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public E poll() {
if (isEmpty()) {
return null;
}
Object ret = items[first];
items[first] = null;
decreaseSize();
if (first == last) {
first = last = 0;
}
shrinkIfNeeded();
return (E) ret;
}
public boolean offer(E item) {
if (item == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("item");
}
expandIfNeeded();
items[last] = item;
increaseSize();
return true;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public E peek() {
if (isEmpty()) {
return null;
}
return (E) items[first];
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Override
public E get(int idx) {
checkIndex(idx);
return (E) items[getRealIndex(idx)];
}
@Override
public boolean isEmpty() {
return (first == last) && !full;
}
@Override
public int size() {
if (full) {
return capacity();
}
if (last >= first) {
return last - first;
} else {
return last - first + capacity();
}
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "first=" + first + ", last=" + last + ", size=" + size() + ", mask = " + mask;
}
private void checkIndex(int idx) {
if (idx < 0 || idx >= size()) {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(String.valueOf(idx));
}
}
private int getRealIndex(int idx) {
return (first + idx) & mask;
}
private void increaseSize() {
last = (last + 1) & mask;
full = first == last;
}
private void decreaseSize() {
first = (first + 1) & mask;
full = false;
}
private void expandIfNeeded() {
if (full) {
// expand queue
final int oldLen = items.length;
final int newLen = oldLen << 1;
Object[] tmp = new Object[newLen];
if (first < last) {
System.arraycopy(items, first, tmp, 0, last - first);
} else {
System.arraycopy(items, first, tmp, 0, oldLen - first);
System.arraycopy(items, 0, tmp, oldLen - first, last);
}
first = 0;
last = oldLen;
items = tmp;
mask = tmp.length - 1;
if (newLen >>> 3 > initialCapacity) {
shrinkThreshold = newLen >>> 3;
}
}
}
private void shrinkIfNeeded() {
int size = size();
if (size <= shrinkThreshold) {
// shrink queue
final int oldLen = items.length;
int newLen = normalizeCapacity(size);
if (size == newLen) {
newLen <<= 1;
}
if (newLen >= oldLen) {
return;
}
if (newLen < initialCapacity) {
if (oldLen == initialCapacity) {
return;
} else {
newLen = initialCapacity;
}
}
Object[] tmp = new Object[newLen];
// Copy only when there's something to copy.
if (size > 0) {
if (first < last) {
System.arraycopy(items, first, tmp, 0, last - first);
} else {
System.arraycopy(items, first, tmp, 0, oldLen - first);
System.arraycopy(items, 0, tmp, oldLen - first, last);
}
}
first = 0;
last = size;
items = tmp;
mask = tmp.length - 1;
shrinkThreshold = 0;
}
}
@Override
public boolean add(E o) {
return offer(o);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Override
public E set(int idx, E o) {
checkIndex(idx);
int realIdx = getRealIndex(idx);
Object old = items[realIdx];
items[realIdx] = o;
return (E) old;
}
@Override
public void add(int idx, E o) {
if (idx == size()) {
offer(o);
return;
}
checkIndex(idx);
expandIfNeeded();
int realIdx = getRealIndex(idx);
// Make a room for a new element.
if (first < last) {
System.arraycopy(items, realIdx, items, realIdx + 1, last - realIdx);
} else {
if (realIdx >= first) {
System.arraycopy(items, 0, items, 1, last);
items[0] = items[items.length - 1];
System.arraycopy(items, realIdx, items, realIdx + 1, items.length - realIdx - 1);
} else {
System.arraycopy(items, realIdx, items, realIdx + 1, last - realIdx);
}
}
items[realIdx] = o;
increaseSize();
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Override
public E remove(int idx) {
if (idx == 0) {
return poll();
}
checkIndex(idx);
int realIdx = getRealIndex(idx);
Object removed = items[realIdx];
// Remove a room for the removed element.
if (first < last) {
System.arraycopy(items, first, items, first + 1, realIdx - first);
} else {
if (realIdx >= first) {
System.arraycopy(items, first, items, first + 1, realIdx - first);
} else {
System.arraycopy(items, 0, items, 1, realIdx);
items[0] = items[items.length - 1];
System.arraycopy(items, first, items, first + 1, items.length - first - 1);
}
}
items[first] = null;
decreaseSize();
shrinkIfNeeded();
return (E) removed;
}
public E remove() {
if (isEmpty()) {
throw new NoSuchElementException();
}
return poll();
}
public E element() {
if (isEmpty()) {
throw new NoSuchElementException();
}
return peek();
}
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////
/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
* software distributed under the License is distributed on an
* "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
* KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
* specific language governing permissions and limitations
* under the License.
*
*/
package org.apache.mina.util;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import java.util.Iterator;
/**
* Tests {@link org.apache.mina.util.CircularQueue}
*
* @author The Apache MINA Project (dev@mina.apache.org)
* @version $Rev: 755170 $, $Date: 2009-03-17 10:46:58 +0100 (Tue, 17 Mar 2009) $
*/
public class CircularQueueTest extends TestCase {
private volatile int pushCount;
private volatile int popCount;
public void setUp() {
pushCount = 0;
popCount = 0;
}
public void testRotation() {
CircularQueue<Integer> q = new CircularQueue<Integer>(); // DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 4
testRotation0(q);
}
public void testExpandingRotation() {
CircularQueue<Integer> q = new CircularQueue<Integer>(); // DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 4
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
testRotation0(q);
// make expansion happen
int oldCapacity = q.capacity();
for (int j = q.capacity(); j >= 0; j--) {
q.offer(new Integer(++pushCount));
}
assertTrue(q.capacity() > oldCapacity);
testRotation0(q);
}
}
private void testRotation0(CircularQueue<Integer> q) {
for (int i = 0; i < q.capacity() * 7 / 4; i++) {
q.offer(new Integer(++pushCount));
assertEquals(++popCount, q.poll().intValue());
}
}
public void testRandomAddOnQueue() {
CircularQueue<Integer> q = new CircularQueue<Integer>();
// Create a queue with 5 elements and capacity 8;
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
q.offer(new Integer(i));
}
q.add(0, new Integer(100));
q.add(3, new Integer(200));
q.add(7, new Integer(300));
Iterator<Integer> i = q.iterator();
assertEquals(8, q.size());
assertEquals(new Integer(100), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(0), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(1), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(200), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(2), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(3), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(4), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(300), i.next());
try {
i.next();
fail();
} catch (Exception e) {
// an exception signifies a successfull test case
assertTrue(true);
}
}
public void testRandomAddOnRotatedQueue() {
CircularQueue<Integer> q = getRotatedQueue();
q.add(0, new Integer(100)); // addFirst
q.add(2, new Integer(200));
q.add(4, new Integer(300));
q.add(10, new Integer(400));
q.add(12, new Integer(500)); // addLast
Iterator<Integer> i = q.iterator();
assertEquals(13, q.size());
assertEquals(new Integer(100), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(0), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(200), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(1), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(300), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(2), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(3), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(4), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(5), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(6), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(400), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(7), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(500), i.next());
try {
i.next();
fail();
} catch (Exception e) {
// an exception signifies a successfull test case
assertTrue(true);
}
}
public void testRandomRemoveOnQueue() {
CircularQueue<Integer> q = new CircularQueue<Integer>();
// Create a queue with 5 elements and capacity 8;
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
q.offer(new Integer(i));
}
q.remove(0);
q.remove(2);
q.remove(2);
Iterator<Integer> i = q.iterator();
assertEquals(2, q.size());
assertEquals(new Integer(1), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(2), i.next());
try {
i.next();
fail();
} catch (Exception e) {
// an exception signifies a successfull test case
assertTrue(true);
}
}
public void testRandomRemoveOnRotatedQueue() {
CircularQueue<Integer> q = getRotatedQueue();
q.remove(0); // removeFirst
q.remove(2); // removeLast in the first half
q.remove(2); // removeFirst in the first half
q.remove(4); // removeLast
Iterator<Integer> i = q.iterator();
assertEquals(4, q.size());
assertEquals(new Integer(1), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(2), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(5), i.next());
assertEquals(new Integer(6), i.next());
try {
i.next();
fail();
} catch (Exception e) {
// an exception signifies a successfull test case
assertTrue(true);
}
}
public void testExpandAndShrink() throws Exception {
CircularQueue<Integer> q = new CircularQueue<Integer>();
for (int i = 0; i < 1024; i++) {
q.offer(i);
}
assertEquals(1024, q.capacity());
for (int i = 0; i < 512; i++) {
q.offer(i);
q.poll();
}
assertEquals(2048, q.capacity());
for (int i = 0; i < 1024; i++) {
q.poll();
}
assertEquals(4, q.capacity());
}
private CircularQueue<Integer> getRotatedQueue() {
CircularQueue<Integer> q = new CircularQueue<Integer>();
// Ensure capacity: 16
for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
q.offer(new Integer(-1));
}
q.clear();
// Rotate it
for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++) {
q.offer(new Integer(-1));
q.poll();
}
// Now push items
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
q.offer(new Integer(i));
}
return q;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
junit.textui.TestRunner.run(CircularQueueTest.class);
}
}