edu.ucla.stat.SOCR.analyses.gui.SimpleLinearRegression.java Source code

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Here is the source code for edu.ucla.stat.SOCR.analyses.gui.SimpleLinearRegression.java

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/*    modified annie che 200508.
   separate the gui part from the model part
*/

/*
   should change all the var to Java convention
*/

package edu.ucla.stat.SOCR.analyses.gui;

import edu.ucla.stat.SOCR.distributions.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;

import java.beans.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;

import edu.ucla.stat.SOCR.analyses.data.*;
import edu.ucla.stat.SOCR.analyses.result.*;
import edu.ucla.stat.SOCR.analyses.exception.*;
import edu.ucla.stat.SOCR.analyses.model.AnalysisType;
import edu.ucla.stat.SOCR.analyses.gui.Chart;
import edu.ucla.stat.SOCR.analyses.xml.XMLComposer;
import edu.ucla.stat.SOCR.util.AnalysisUtility;
import edu.ucla.stat.SOCR.analyses.example.SimpleLinearRegressionExamples;
import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartPanel;

/** this class is for Simple Linear Regression only. */
public class SimpleLinearRegression extends Analysis implements PropertyChangeListener {
    // This must be the same as what's in the HashMap pointed by Data
    // Otherwise you won't get anything.
    // Perhaps I will figure out a better way to do it. annieche.

    public String[][] example = new String[1][1]; // the example data
    public String[] columnNames = new String[1];
    private double[] xData = null;
    private double[] yData = null;
    private double[] predicted = null;
    private double[] predictedUpper = null;
    private double[] predictedLower = null;
    private double[] varPredict = null;
    private double[] sdPredict = null;

    private double[] residuals = null;
    private double[] sortedResiduals = null;
    private double[] sortedStandardizedResiduals = null;
    private int[] sortedResidualsIndex = null;
    private double[] sortedNormalQuantiles = null;
    private double[] sortedStandardizedNormalQuantiles = null;
    private double slope, intercept;

    private String dependentHeader = null, independentHeader = null;

    static int times = 0;

    FileDialog fileDialog;
    Frame fileDialogFrame = new Frame();
    File file;
    //FileInputStream fstream;
    private String fileName = "";
    private boolean useHeader = true;
    private String header = null;
    //RegressionScatterPlot ScatterPlot;
    public JTabbedPane tabbedPanelContainer;
    //objects
    private JToolBar toolBar;

    private Frame frame;
    //private JScrollPane graphPane= new JScrollPane();

    SimpleLinearRegressionResult result = null;
    double beta = 0, alpha = 0, meanX = 0, meanY = 0, sdX = 0, sdY = 0, meanPredicted = 0, sdPredicted = 0,
            meanResiduals = 0, sdResiduals = 0, sdAlpha = 0, sdBeta = 0;
    double tStatAlpha = 0, tStatBeta = 0;
    double corrXY = 0, rSquare = 0;
    double pvAlpha = 0, pvBeta = 0;
    String betaName = null;
    int xLength = 0;
    int yLength = 0;

    /**Initialize the Analysis*/
    public void init() {

        showInput = false;
        showSelect = false;
        showVisualize = false;
        super.init();

        analysisType = AnalysisType.SIMPLE_LINEAR_REGRESSION;

        //////System.out.println("SLR analysisType = " + analysisType);
        useInputExample = false;
        useLocalExample = false;
        useRandomExample = true;
        useServerExample = false;
        useStaticExample = SimpleLinearRegressionExamples.availableExamples;
        useGraph = true;

        onlineDescription = "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_regression";
        depMax = 1; // max number of dependent var
        indMax = 1; // max number of independent var
        resultPanelTextArea.setFont(new Font(outputFontFace, Font.BOLD, outputFontSize));
        frame = getFrame(this);
        setName("Regression & Correlation Analysis");
        // Create the toolBar
        toolBar = new JToolBar();
        createActionComponents(toolBar);
        this.getContentPane().add(toolBar, BorderLayout.NORTH);

        chartFactory = new Chart();
        resetGraph();
        validate();
        //      reset();
    }

    /** Create the actions for the buttons */
    protected void createActionComponents(JToolBar toolBar) {
        super.createActionComponents(toolBar);
    }

    /**This method sets up the analysis protocol, when the applet starts*/
    public void start() {
    }

    /**This method defines the specific statistical Analysis to be carried our on the user specified data. ANOVA is done in this case. */
    public void doAnalysis() {
        if (dataTable.isEditing())
            dataTable.getCellEditor().stopCellEditing();
        if (!hasExample) {
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, DATA_MISSING_MESSAGE);
            return;
        }
        if (dependentIndex < 0 || independentIndex < 0 || independentLength == 0) {
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, VARIABLE_MISSING_MESSAGE);
            return;
        }
        dependentHeader = columnModel.getColumn(dependentIndex).getHeaderValue().toString().trim();
        independentHeader = columnModel.getColumn(independentIndex).getHeaderValue().toString().trim();
        Data data = new Data();

        /******************************************************************
        From this point, the code has been modified to work with input cells that are empty.
        ******************************************************************/

        String cellValue = null;
        ArrayList<String> xList = new ArrayList<String>();
        ArrayList<String> yList = new ArrayList<String>();
        yLength = 0;
        xLength = 0;
        try {
            for (int k = 0; k < dataTable.getRowCount(); k++) {
                try {
                    cellValue = ((String) dataTable.getValueAt(k, dependentIndex)).trim();
                    if (cellValue != null && !cellValue.equals("")) {
                        yList.add(yLength, cellValue);
                        yLength++;
                    } else {
                        continue; // to the next for
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) { // do nothing?
                }
            }

            for (int k = 0; k < dataTable.getRowCount(); k++) {
                try {
                    cellValue = ((String) dataTable.getValueAt(k, independentIndex)).trim();
                    if (cellValue != null && !cellValue.equals("")) {
                        xList.add(xLength, cellValue);
                        xLength++;
                    } else {
                        continue; // to the next for
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                }
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            //////////System.out.println("Exception In outer catch: " + e );
        }
        if (xLength <= 0 || yLength <= 0) {
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, NULL_VARIABLE_MESSAGE);
            return;
        }

        // Call the Controller method getAnalysis() delegate the work to Model
        //System.out.println("gui SLR xLength = " + xLength );
        //System.out.println("gui SLR yLength = " + yLength );
        xData = new double[xLength];
        yData = new double[yLength];
        for (int i = 0; i < yLength; i++) {
            yData[i] = Double.parseDouble((String) yList.get(i));
            //resultPanelTextArea.append(" Y = "+yData[i] );
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < xLength; i++) {
            xData[i] = Double.parseDouble((String) xList.get(i));
            //resultPanelTextArea.append(" X = "+xData[i] );
        }

        /*********** plotting data is ready here ***************/
        /* where: x = data of x coordiante entered from the user */
        /*        y = data of y coordiante entered from the user */

        data.appendX("X", xData, DataType.QUANTITATIVE);
        data.appendY("Y", yData, DataType.QUANTITATIVE);

        try {
            result = (SimpleLinearRegressionResult) data.getAnalysis(AnalysisType.SIMPLE_LINEAR_REGRESSION);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            //////////System.out.println(e);
        }

        // Retreive the data from Data Object using HashMap

        residuals = new double[xLength];
        predicted = new double[xLength];
        predictedUpper = new double[xLength];
        predictedLower = new double[xLength];
        varPredict = new double[xLength];
        sdPredict = new double[xLength];

        try {
            residuals = result.getResiduals();

        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //////System.out.println("residuals Exception " + e);
        }
        try {
            meanResiduals = result.getMeanResiduals();

        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //////System.out.println("residuals Exception " + e);
        }
        try {
            sdResiduals = result.getSDResiduals();

        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //////System.out.println("residuals Exception " + e);
        }
        try {
            predicted = result.getPredicted();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            ////System.out.println("predicted Exception " + e);
        }
        try {
            meanPredicted = result.getMeanPredicted();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            ////System.out.println("predicted Exception " + e);
        }
        try {
            sdPredicted = result.getSDPredicted();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            ////System.out.println("predicted Exception " + e);
        }
        try {
            varPredict = result.getVarPredict();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            ////System.out.println("predicted Exception " + e);
        }
        try {
            sdPredict = result.getSDPredict();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            ////System.out.println("predicted Exception " + e);
        }
        try {
            predictedUpper = result.getPredictedUpperBound();

        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            ////System.out.println("predicted Exception " + e);
        }
        try {
            predictedLower = result.getPredictedLowerBound();

        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            ////System.out.println("predicted Exception " + e);
        }

        try {
            beta = result.getBeta();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("NullPointerException  = " + e);
        }
        try {
            betaName = result.getBetaName();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("NullPointerException  = " + e);
        }
        ////////System.out.println("SimpleLinearRegression betaName = " + betaName);
        try {
            alpha = result.getAlpha();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
        }

        try {
            meanX = result.getMeanX();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("\nNullPointerException  = " + e);
        }

        try {
            meanY = result.getMeanY();//((Double)
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("\nNullPointerException  = " + e);
        }
        try {
            sdX = result.getSDX();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("\nNullPointerException  = " + e);
        }
        try {
            sdY = result.getSDY();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("\nNullPointerException  = " + e);
        }

        try {
            sdAlpha = result.getAlphaSE();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("\nNullPointerException  = " + e);
        }
        try {
            sdBeta = result.getBetaSE();//((Double)result.getTexture().get(SimpleLinearRegressionResult.BETA_SE)).doubleValue();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("\nNullPointerException  = " + e);
        }
        try {
            tStatAlpha = result.getAlphaTStat();//((Double)result.getTexture().get(SimpleLinearRegressionResult.ALPHA_T_STAT)).doubleValue();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("\nNullPointerException  = " + e);
        }
        try {
            tStatBeta = result.getBetaTStat();//((Double)result.getTexture().get(SimpleLinearRegressionResult.BETA_T_STAT)).doubleValue();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("\nNullPointerException  = " + e);
        }
        try {
            pvAlpha = result.getAlphaPValue();//((Double)result.getTexture().get(SimpleLinearRegressionResult.ALPHA_P_VALUE)).doubleValue();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("\nNullPointerException  = " + e);
        }
        try {
            pvBeta = result.getBetaPValue();//((Double)result.getTexture().get(SimpleLinearRegressionResult.BETA_P_VALUE)).doubleValue();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("\nNullPointerException  = " + e);
        }
        try {
            corrXY = result.getCorrelationXY();//((Double)result.getTexture().get(SimpleLinearRegressionResult.BETA_P_VALUE)).doubleValue();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("\nNullPointerException  = " + e);
        }
        try {
            rSquare = result.getRSquare();//((Double)result.getTexture().get(SimpleLinearRegressionResult.BETA_P_VALUE)).doubleValue();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("\nNullPointerException  = " + e);
        }

        //HashMap residualMap = AnalysisUtility.getResidualNormalQuantiles(residuals, residuals.length - 2);

        try {
            sortedResiduals = result.getSortedResiduals();//(double[])residualMap.get(SimpleLinearRegressionResult.SORTED_RESIDUALS);
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("\nNullPointerException  = " + e);
        }
        try {
            sortedStandardizedResiduals = result.getSortedStandardizedResiduals();//(double[])residualMap.get(SimpleLinearRegressionResult.SORTED_STANDARDIZED_RESIDUALS);
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("\nNullPointerException  = " + e);
        }

        try {
            sortedResidualsIndex = result.getSortedResidualsIndex();//(int[])residualMap.get(SimpleLinearRegressionResult.SORTED_RESIDUALS_INDEX);
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("\nNullPointerException  = " + e);
        }
        try {
            sortedNormalQuantiles = result.getSortedNormalQuantiles();//(double[])residualMap.get(SimpleLinearRegressionResult.SORTED_NORMAL_QUANTILES);
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("\nNullPointerException  = " + e);
        }
        try {
            sortedStandardizedNormalQuantiles = result.getSortedStandardizedNormalQuantiles();//(double[])residualMap.get(SimpleLinearRegressionResult.SORTED_STANDARDIZED_NORMAL_QUANTILES);
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            //showError("\nNullPointerException  = " + e);
        }

        updateResults();

        slope = beta;
        intercept = alpha;
        doGraph();

    }

    public void updateResults() {

        if (result == null)
            return;

        result.setDecimalFormat(dFormat);

        setDecimalFormat(dFormat);

        resultPanelTextArea.setText("\n"); //clear first
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\tSample Size = " + xLength + " \n");
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\tDependent Variable = " + dependentHeader + " \n");
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\tIndependent Variable = " + independentHeader + " \n");
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\tSimple Linear Regression Results:\n");

        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\tMean of " + independentHeader + " = " + result.getFormattedDouble(meanX));
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\tMean of " + dependentHeader + " = " + result.getFormattedDouble(meanY));

        resultPanelTextArea.append(
                "\n\n\tRegression Line:\n\t\t" + dependentHeader + " = " + result.getFormattedDouble(alpha));
        if (beta >= 0) {
            resultPanelTextArea.append(" + " + beta + "   " + independentHeader);
        } else {
            resultPanelTextArea.append(" " + beta + "   " + independentHeader);
        }

        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\n\tCorrelation(" + independentHeader + ", " + dependentHeader + ") = "
                + result.getFormattedDouble(corrXY));
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\tR-Square = " + result.getFormattedDouble(rSquare));
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\n");

        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\tIntercept: ");
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\t\tParameter Estimate: " + result.getFormattedDouble(alpha));
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\t\tStandard Error:     " + result.getFormattedDouble(sdAlpha));
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\t\tT-Statistics:        " + result.getFormattedDouble(tStatAlpha));
        /*
        if (pvAlpha==0.0)) {
           resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\t\tP-Value:            <2E-16");
        }
        else {
           resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\t\tP-Value:            " + pvAlpha);
        }
        */
        //resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\t\tP-Value:            " + AnalysisUtility.enhanceSmallNumber(pvAlpha));
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\t\tP-Value:            " + result.getFormattedDouble(pvAlpha));

        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n");
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\tSlope: ");
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\t\tParameter Estimate: " + result.getFormattedDouble(beta));
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\t\tStandard Error:     " + result.getFormattedDouble(sdBeta));
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\t\tT-Statistics:        " + result.getFormattedDouble(tStatBeta));
        /*if (pvBeta.equals("0.0")) {
           resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\t\tP-Value:            <2E-16");
        }
        else {
        */
        //resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\t\tP-Value:            " + AnalysisUtility.enhanceSmallNumber(pvBeta));
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\t\tP-Value:            " + result.getFormattedDouble(pvBeta));

        /*
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\nSLOPE             = " + beta);
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\nSTANDARD ERROR of INTERCEPT      = " + sdAlpha);
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\nSTANDARD ERROR of SLOPE       = " + sdBeta);
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\nT-STAT of ALPHA  = " + tStatAlpha);
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\nT_STAT of BETA   = " + tStatBeta);
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\nP-VALUE of ALPHA = " + pvAlpha);
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\nP-VALUE of BETA  = " + pvBeta);
        */
        /*
            
           resultPanelTextArea.append("\nPREDICTED VALUES = " );
           resultPanelTextArea.append("\nPREDICTED        = " );
        */
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\n\t" + independentHeader + "\t" + dependentHeader + "\tPredicted\tResidual");

        /*   int NumberDigitKept = 3;
        String[] xTruncated = AnalysisUtility.truncateDigits(xData, NumberDigitKept);
        String[] yTruncated = AnalysisUtility.truncateDigits(yData, NumberDigitKept);
        String[] predictedTruncated = AnalysisUtility.truncateDigits(predicted, NumberDigitKept);
        String[] residualTruncated = AnalysisUtility.truncateDigits(residuals, NumberDigitKept);*/

        for (int i = 0; i < xLength; i++) {
            try {
                resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\t" + result.getFormattedDouble(xData[i]) + "\t"
                        + result.getFormattedDouble(yData[i]) + "\t" + result.getFormattedDouble(predicted[i])
                        + "\t" + result.getFormattedDouble(residuals[i]));
            } catch (Exception e) {
            }
        }
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\n\nMean\t" + result.getFormattedDouble(meanX) + "\t"
                + result.getFormattedDouble(meanY) + "\t" + result.getFormattedDouble(meanPredicted) + "\t"
                + result.getFormattedDouble(meanResiduals));
        resultPanelTextArea.append("\nSD\t" + result.getFormattedDouble(sdX) + "\t" + result.getFormattedDouble(sdY)
                + "\t" + result.getFormattedDouble(sdPredicted) + "\t" + result.getFormattedDouble(sdResiduals));

        /*
           resultPanelTextArea.append("\nRESIDUALS SORTED= " );
            
           for (int i = 0; i < xLength; i++) {
              resultPanelTextArea.append(" " + result.getFormattedDouble(sortedResiduals[i]));
           }
           resultPanelTextArea.append("\nRESIDUALS INDEX SORTED= " );
            
           for (int i = 0; i < xLength; i++) {
              resultPanelTextArea.append(" " + result.getFormattedDouble(sortedResidualsIndex[i]));
           }
           resultPanelTextArea.append("\nRESIDUALS NORMAL QUANTILES = " );
            
           for (int i = 0; i < xLength; i++) {
              resultPanelTextArea.append(" " + result.getFormattedDouble(sortedNormalQuantiles[i]));
           }
           */
        resultPanelTextArea.setForeground(Color.BLUE);

    }

    /** convert a generic string s to a fixed length one. */
    public String monoString(String s) {
        String sAdd = new String(s + "                                      ");
        return sAdd.substring(0, 14);
    }

    /** convert a generic double s to a "nice" fixed length string */
    public String monoString(double s) {
        final double zero = 0.00001;
        Double sD = new Double(s);
        String sAdd = new String();
        if (s > zero)
            sAdd = new String(sD.toString());
        else
            sAdd = "<0.00001";

        sAdd = sAdd.toLowerCase();
        int i = sAdd.indexOf('e');
        if (i > 0)
            sAdd = sAdd.substring(0, 4) + "E" + sAdd.substring(i + 1, sAdd.length());
        else if (sAdd.length() > 10)
            sAdd = sAdd.substring(0, 10);

        sAdd = sAdd + "                                      ";
        return sAdd.substring(0, 14);
    }

    /** convert a generic integer s to a fixed length string */
    public String monoString(int s) {
        Integer sD = new Integer(s);
        String sAdd = new String(sD.toString());
        sAdd = sAdd + "                                      ";
        return sAdd.substring(0, 14);
    }

    /** Implementation of PropertyChageListener.*/
    public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent e) {
        String propertyName = e.getPropertyName();

        System.err.println("From RegCorrAnal:: propertyName =" + propertyName + "!!!");

        if (propertyName.equals("DataUpdate")) {
            //update the local version of the dataTable by outside source
            dataTable = (JTable) (e.getNewValue());
            dataPanel.removeAll();
            dataPanel.add(new JScrollPane(dataTable));

            System.err.println("From RegCorrAnal:: data UPDATED!!!");
        }
    }

    public Container getDisplayPane() {
        this.getContentPane().add(toolBar, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        return this.getContentPane();
    }

    protected void doGraph() {
        // graphComponent is available here
        // data: variables double xData, yData, residuals, predicted are available here after doAnalysis() is run.
        //////System.out.println("start doGraph 1");
        graphPanel.removeAll();

        JPanel innerPanel = new JPanel();
        JScrollPane graphPane = new JScrollPane(innerPanel, JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS,
                JScrollPane.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS);

        graphPanel.add(graphPane);
        innerPanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(innerPanel, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));
        graphPanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(graphPanel, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));
        //ScrollPaneLayout scrollPaneLayout = new ScrollPaneLayout();
        //graphPane.setScrollPaneLayout(scrollPaneLayout.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS);
        //graphPane.setLayout(scrollPaneLayout);

        // 1. scatter plot of data: yData vs. xData
        /*JFreeChart scatterChart = chartFactory.getQQChart("Scatter Plot of " + dependentHeader + " vs X " + independentHeader, independentHeader, dependentHeader, xData, yData);//getChart(title, xlabel, ylabel, xdata,ydata)
        ChartPanel chartPanel = new ChartPanel(scatterChart, false);
        chartPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(plotWidth,plotHeight));
        innerPanel.add(chartPanel);*/

        JFreeChart scatterChart = chartFactory.getQQChart(
                "Scatter Plot of " + dependentHeader + " vs " + independentHeader, independentHeader,
                dependentHeader, dependentHeader + " Value  ", xData, yData, "Regression Line", intercept, slope,
                "");
        ChartPanel chartPanel = new ChartPanel(scatterChart, false);
        chartPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(plotWidth, plotHeight));
        innerPanel.add(chartPanel);

        Color[] colorArray = new Color[] { Color.CYAN, Color.BLUE, Color.CYAN };

        // 1.5 add prediction interval
        scatterChart = chartFactory.getQQChart("Scatter Plot of " + dependentHeader + " vs " + independentHeader,
                independentHeader, dependentHeader, dependentHeader + " Value  ", xData, yData, "Regression Line",
                intercept, slope, "");
        double[][] xArray = new double[3][];
        xArray[0] = xData;
        xArray[1] = xData;
        xArray[2] = xData;
        double[][] yArray = new double[3][];
        yArray[0] = predictedUpper;
        yArray[1] = predicted;
        yArray[2] = predictedLower;
        int lineSetCount = 3; // 3 lines >///<
        String[] groupNames = { "Predicted + 2 SE", "Predicted", "Predicted - 2 SE" };

        String[] dotGroupNames = { "Observed" };
        double[][] xDataDot = new double[1][];
        double[][] yDataDot = new double[1][];
        xDataDot[0] = xData;
        yDataDot[0] = yData;
        Color[] dotColor = { Color.RED };
        for (int i = 0; i < predictedUpper.length; i++) {
            //System.out.print(varPredict[i]);
            //System.out.print(", " + sdPredict[i]);
            //System.out.print(", " + predictedLower[i]);
            //System.out.print(", " + predicted[i]);
            //System.out.print(", " + predictedUpper[i] + "\n");
        }

        //double[][] lineX  --double[number of line][number of dots in line]
        //double[][] dotX  --double[number of dots group][number of dots in the group]
        // "other" can be "nolegend" to turn off the legend box at the buttom

        /* public JFreeChart getLineAndDotChart(
         String title,
         String xLabel,
         String yLabel,
         int numberOfLines,
         String[] lineNames,
         double[][] lineX,
         double[][] lineY,
         Color[] lineColors,
            
           int numberOfDotsGroups,
           String[] dotGroupNames,
           double[][] dotX,
           double[][] dotY,
           Color[] dotColors,
           String other){
        */

        //try {
        scatterChart = chartFactory.getLineAndDotChart("Scatter Plot with Predition Interval", independentHeader,
                dependentHeader, lineSetCount, groupNames, xArray, yArray, colorArray, 1, dotGroupNames, xDataDot,
                yDataDot, dotColor, "excludeszero");
        chartPanel = new ChartPanel(scatterChart, false);
        chartPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(plotWidth, plotHeight));
        innerPanel.add(chartPanel);
        //} catch (Exception e) {
        //   ////System.out.println("getLineAndDotChart e = " + e);
        //}

        // 2. residual on Covariate plot: residuals vs. xData
        JFreeChart rxChart = chartFactory.getQQChart("Residual on Covariate Plot", independentHeader, "Residuals",
                "Residual Value  ", xData, residuals, "At Residual = 0", 0, 0, "");
        chartPanel = new ChartPanel(rxChart, false);
        chartPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(plotWidth, plotHeight));
        innerPanel.add(chartPanel);

        // 3. residual on fit plot: residuals vs. xData
        JFreeChart residualOnFitChart = chartFactory.getQQChart("Residual on Fit Plot",
                "Predicted " + dependentHeader, "Residuals", "Residual Value  ", predicted, residuals,
                "At Residual = 0", 0, 0, "excludeszero");
        ////////System.out.println("predicted min = " + AnalysisUtility.min(predicted));
        ////////System.out.println("predicted max = " + AnalysisUtility.max(predicted));
        chartPanel = new ChartPanel(residualOnFitChart, false);
        chartPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(plotWidth, plotHeight));
        innerPanel.add(chartPanel);

        //JFreeChart scatterChart = chartFactory.getLineChart("Residual on Covariate Plot, Residual vs. " + independentHeaderArray[i], independentHeaderArray[i], dependentHeader, xDataDouble, residuals);
        // 4. Normal QQ plot: need residuals and standardized normal scores

        //JFreeChart qqChart = chartFactory.getQQChart("Residual Normal QQ Plot", "Theoretical Quantiles", "Standardized Residuals", "Standardized Residual Value  ", sortedNormalQuantiles, sortedStandardizedResiduals,  "At Standardized Residual = 0", 0, 0, "");
        //JFreeChart qqChart = chartFactory.getLineChart("Residual Normal QQ Plot", "Theoretical Quantiles", "Standardized Residuals", sortedStandardizedNormalQuantiles, sortedStandardizedResiduals);
        //JFreeChart qqChart = chartFactory.getLineChart("Residual Normal QQ Plot", "Theoretical Quantiles", "Standardized Residuals", sortedNormalQuantiles, sortedStandardizedResiduals);
        JFreeChart qqChart = chartFactory.getLineChart("Residual Normal QQ Plot", "Theoretical Quantiles",
                "Standardized Residuals", sortedStandardizedNormalQuantiles, sortedStandardizedResiduals, "noline");
        chartPanel = new ChartPanel(qqChart, false);
        chartPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(plotWidth, plotHeight));
        innerPanel.add(chartPanel);

        // 5. scale-location plot -- maybe later.

        graphPanel.validate();

    }

    protected void resetGraph() {
        ////////System.out.println("reset graph in SLR");
        JFreeChart chart = chartFactory.createChart(); // an empty  chart
        ChartPanel chartPanel = new ChartPanel(chart, false);
        chartPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(400, 300));
        graphPanel.removeAll();
        graphPanel.add(chartPanel);

    }

    public String getOnlineDescription() {
        return onlineDescription;
    }
}