Java tutorial
// This code is taken from https://github.com/Uni-Freiburg-Wearable-Devices-WS14/RFDuinoTest /* * Copyright (C) 2013 Lann Martin * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 as below * * This file incorporates work covered by the following notice: * * Copyright (C) 2013 The Android Open Source Project * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. * */ package com.jordanfitzgibbon.rfduinohrm; import android.Manifest; import android.app.NotificationManager; import android.app.PendingIntent; import android.app.Service; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile; import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.IntentFilter; import android.os.Binder; import android.os.IBinder; import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat; import android.util.Log; import java.util.UUID; public class RFduinoService extends Service { private final static String TAG = RFduinoService.class.getSimpleName(); private BluetoothManager mBluetoothManager; private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter; private String mBluetoothDeviceAddress; private BluetoothGatt mBluetoothGatt; private BluetoothGattService mBluetoothGattService; private BTLEBundle dataBundle; public final static String ACTION_CONNECTED = "com.rfduino.ACTION_CONNECTED"; public final static String ACTION_DISCONNECTED = "com.rfduino.ACTION_DISCONNECTED"; public final static String ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE = "com.rfduino.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE"; public final static String EXTRA_DATA = "com.rfduino.EXTRA_DATA"; public final static UUID UUID_SERVICE = BluetoothHelper.sixteenBitUuid(0x2220); public final static UUID UUID_RECEIVE = BluetoothHelper.sixteenBitUuid(0x2221); public final static UUID UUID_SEND = BluetoothHelper.sixteenBitUuid(0x2222); public final static UUID UUID_DISCONNECT = BluetoothHelper.sixteenBitUuid(0x2223); public final static UUID UUID_CLIENT_CONFIGURATION = BluetoothHelper.sixteenBitUuid(0x2902); // Stuff for handling the connection in the service: // State machine final private static int STATE_BLUETOOTH_OFF = 1; final private static int STATE_DISCONNECTED = 2; final private static int STATE_CONNECTING = 3; final private static int STATE_CONNECTED = 4; private int state; private BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice; private NotificationManager mNotificationManager; boolean receiverRegistered = false; private final BroadcastReceiver bluetoothStateReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { int state = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_STATE, 0); if (state == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON) { upgradeState(STATE_DISCONNECTED); } else if (state == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF) { downgradeState(STATE_BLUETOOTH_OFF); } } }; // Implements callback methods for GATT events that the app cares about. For example, // connection change and services discovered. private final BluetoothGattCallback mGattCallback = new BluetoothGattCallback() { @Override public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) { if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) { Log.i(TAG, "Connected to RFduino."); Log.i(TAG, "Attempting to start service discovery:" + mBluetoothGatt.discoverServices()); } else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) { Log.i(TAG, "Disconnected from RFduino."); broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DISCONNECTED); } } @Override public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) { if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) { mBluetoothGattService = gatt.getService(UUID_SERVICE); if (mBluetoothGattService == null) { Log.e(TAG, "RFduino GATT service not found!"); return; } BluetoothGattCharacteristic receiveCharacteristic = mBluetoothGattService .getCharacteristic(UUID_RECEIVE); if (receiveCharacteristic != null) { BluetoothGattDescriptor receiveConfigDescriptor = receiveCharacteristic .getDescriptor(UUID_CLIENT_CONFIGURATION); if (receiveConfigDescriptor != null) { gatt.setCharacteristicNotification(receiveCharacteristic, true); receiveConfigDescriptor.setValue(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE); gatt.writeDescriptor(receiveConfigDescriptor); } else { Log.e(TAG, "RFduino receive config descriptor not found!"); } } else { Log.e(TAG, "RFduino receive characteristic not found!"); } broadcastUpdate(ACTION_CONNECTED); } else { Log.w(TAG, "onServicesDiscovered received: " + status); } } @Override public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) { if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) { broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic); } } @Override public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) { broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic); } }; private void broadcastUpdate(final String action) { final Intent intent = new Intent(action); sendBroadcast(intent, Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH); } private void broadcastUpdate(final String action, final BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) { if (UUID_RECEIVE.equals(characteristic.getUuid())) { final Intent intent = new Intent(action); intent.putExtra(EXTRA_DATA, characteristic.getValue()); sendBroadcast(intent, Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH); Log.w(TAG, "BTLE Data received and broadcasted"); // Create notification Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(RFduinoService.this, com.jordanfitzgibbon.rfduinohrm.MainActivity.class); notificationIntent.setAction("RFduinoTest_CallToMain"); notificationIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(RFduinoService.this, 0, notificationIntent, 0); NotificationCompat.Builder mBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(RFduinoService.this) .setContentTitle("Bluetooth Data").setTicker("New Bluetooth Data Received") .setContentText("Data:" + characteristic.getValue() + "\nOr: " + characteristic.getValue()) //.setContentText("Data:" + HexAsciiHelper.bytesToAsciiMaybe(characteristic.getValue()) + "\nOr: " + HexAsciiHelper.bytesToHex(characteristic.getValue())) //.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher) // .setLargeIcon( // Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(icon, 128, 128, false)) .setAutoCancel(true).setContentIntent(pendingIntent); mNotificationManager.notify(110, mBuilder.build()); } } public BTLEBundle restoreData() { return dataBundle; } public void setData(BTLEBundle btleBundle) { dataBundle = btleBundle; } public class LocalBinder extends Binder { RFduinoService getService() { return RFduinoService.this; } } @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { Log.w(TAG, "onBind called"); return mBinder; } @Override public void onRebind(Intent intent) { Log.w(TAG, "onBebind called"); } @Override public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) { Log.w(TAG, "onUnbind called"); return super.onUnbind(intent); } private final IBinder mBinder = new LocalBinder(); /** * Initializes a reference to the local Bluetooth adapter. * * @return Return true if the initialization is successful. */ public boolean initialize() { // For API level 18 and above, get a reference to BluetoothAdapter through // BluetoothManager. if (mBluetoothManager == null) { mBluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE); if (mBluetoothManager == null) { Log.e(TAG, "Unable to initialize BluetoothManager."); return false; } } mBluetoothAdapter = mBluetoothManager.getAdapter(); if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) { Log.e(TAG, "Unable to obtain a BluetoothAdapter."); return false; } return true; } /** * Connects to the GATT server hosted on the Bluetooth LE device. * * @param address The device address of the destination device. * * @return Return true if the connection is initiated successfully. The connection result * is reported asynchronously through the * {@code BluetoothGattCallback#onConnectionStateChange(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, int, int)} * callback. */ public boolean connect(final String address) { if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || address == null) { Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized or unspecified address."); return false; } // Previously connected device. Try to reconnect. if (mBluetoothDeviceAddress != null && address.equals(mBluetoothDeviceAddress) && mBluetoothGatt != null) { Log.d(TAG, "Trying to use an existing mBluetoothGatt for connection."); return mBluetoothGatt.connect(); } final BluetoothDevice device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address); // We want to directly connect to the device, so we are setting the autoConnect // parameter to false. mBluetoothGatt = device.connectGatt(this, false, mGattCallback); Log.d(TAG, "Trying to create a new connection."); mBluetoothDeviceAddress = address; return true; } /** * Disconnects an existing connection or cancel a pending connection. The disconnection result * is reported asynchronously through the * {@code BluetoothGattCallback#onConnectionStateChange(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, int, int)} * callback. */ public void disconnect() { if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || mBluetoothGatt == null) { Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized"); return; } disconnectRFduino(); mBluetoothGatt.disconnect(); } /** * After using a given BLE device, the app must call this method to ensure resources are * released properly. */ public void close() { if (mBluetoothGatt == null) { return; } mBluetoothGatt.close(); mBluetoothGatt = null; } public void read() { if (mBluetoothGatt == null || mBluetoothGattService == null) { Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothGatt not initialized"); return; } BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic = mBluetoothGattService.getCharacteristic(UUID_RECEIVE); mBluetoothGatt.readCharacteristic(characteristic); } public boolean send(byte[] data) { if (mBluetoothGatt == null || mBluetoothGattService == null) { Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothGatt not initialized"); return false; } BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic = mBluetoothGattService.getCharacteristic(UUID_SEND); if (characteristic == null) { Log.w(TAG, "Send characteristic not found"); return false; } characteristic.setValue(data); characteristic.setWriteType(BluetoothGattCharacteristic.WRITE_TYPE_NO_RESPONSE); return mBluetoothGatt.writeCharacteristic(characteristic); } public boolean disconnectRFduino() { if (mBluetoothGatt == null || mBluetoothGattService == null) { Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothGatt not initialized"); return false; } BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic = mBluetoothGattService.getCharacteristic(UUID_DISCONNECT); if (characteristic == null) { Log.w(TAG, "Disconnect characteristic not found"); return false; } characteristic.setValue(""); characteristic.setWriteType(BluetoothGattCharacteristic.WRITE_TYPE_NO_RESPONSE); return mBluetoothGatt.writeCharacteristic(characteristic); } public static IntentFilter getIntentFilter() { IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(); filter.addAction(ACTION_CONNECTED); filter.addAction(ACTION_DISCONNECTED); filter.addAction(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE); return filter; } // Extension stuff to handle btle connection here @Override public void onCreate() { Log.i(TAG, "onCreate()"); super.onCreate(); mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE); } // preparing for stand alone action without activity public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) { Log.i(TAG, "onStartCommand()"); if (intent.getAction().equals("RFduinoService_StartForeground")) { //TODO: use proper notification ID here! startForeground(101, buildServiceNotification().build()); } else if (intent.getAction().equals("ACTION_DISCONNECT")) { Log.i(TAG, "disconnect clicked"); if (dataBundle.state_ == 4) { disconnect(); close(); //TODO: States need to be handled generally dataBundle.state_ = 2; // Disconnected state NotificationCompat.Builder mBuilder = buildServiceNotification(); mBuilder.setContentText("RFDuino disconnected"); //TODO: use proper notification ID here! mNotificationManager.notify(101, mBuilder.build()); } } else if (intent.getAction().equals("ACTION_CONNECT")) { Log.i(TAG, "connect clicked"); if (dataBundle.state_ == 2) { connect(dataBundle.device.getAddress()); dataBundle.state_ = 4; //TODO: use proper notification ID here! mNotificationManager.notify(101, buildServiceNotification().build()); } } else if (intent.getAction().equals("RFduinoService_Stop")) { Log.i(TAG, "Background service stop received"); if (dataBundle != null) { if (dataBundle.state_ == 4) { disconnect(); } } // Saving to sharedPreferences that the service is not running in foreground anymore // SharedPreferences sharedPref = getApplicationContext().getSharedPreferences( // getString(R.string.preference_file_key), Context.MODE_PRIVATE); // SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sharedPref.edit(); // editor.putBoolean("foregroundServiceRunning", false); // editor.commit(); stopForeground(true); stopSelf(); } else if (intent.getAction().equals("RFduinoService_StopForeground")) { Log.i(TAG, "service stop foreground received"); stopForeground(true); } registerReceiver(bluetoothStateReceiver, new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED)); receiverRegistered = true; return START_STICKY; } private void upgradeState(int newState) { if (newState > state) { updateState(newState); } } private void downgradeState(int newState) { if (newState < state) { updateState(newState); } } private void updateState(int newState) { state = newState; //updateUi(); } @Override public void onDestroy() { Log.i(TAG, "onDestroy()"); // After using a given device, you should make sure that BluetoothGatt.close() is called // such that resources are cleaned up properly. In this particular example, close() is // invoked when the UI is disconnected from the Service. close(); if (receiverRegistered) { unregisterReceiver(bluetoothStateReceiver); } super.onDestroy(); } private NotificationCompat.Builder buildServiceNotification() { Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(RFduinoService.this, com.jordanfitzgibbon.rfduinohrm.MainActivity.class); notificationIntent.setAction("RFduinoTest_CallToMain"); notificationIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(RFduinoService.this, 0, notificationIntent, 0); Intent discoIntent = new Intent(RFduinoService.this, RFduinoService.class); discoIntent.setAction("ACTION_DISCONNECT"); PendingIntent pDiscoIntent = PendingIntent.getService(RFduinoService.this, 0, discoIntent, 0); Intent connIntent = new Intent(RFduinoService.this, RFduinoService.class); connIntent.setAction("ACTION_CONNECT"); PendingIntent pConnIntent = PendingIntent.getService(RFduinoService.this, 0, connIntent, 0); Intent stopIntent = new Intent(RFduinoService.this, RFduinoService.class); stopIntent.setAction("RFduinoService_Stop"); PendingIntent pStopIntent = PendingIntent.getService(RFduinoService.this, 0, stopIntent, 0); NotificationCompat.Builder mBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(RFduinoService.this) .setContentTitle("Bluetooth Connection running").setTicker("BTLE Ticker") .setContentText("RFDuino connected") //.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher) // .setLargeIcon( // Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(icon, 128, 128, false)) .setContentIntent(pendingIntent).setOngoing(true) // maybe disable to allow closing with x-button? .addAction(android.R.drawable.ic_media_pause, "Disconnect", pDiscoIntent) .addAction(android.R.drawable.ic_media_play, "Connect", pConnIntent) .addAction(android.R.drawable.ic_delete, "Stop", pStopIntent); return mBuilder; } }