Java tutorial
/* * Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package com.integralblue.httpresponsecache.compat.java.security; import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream; import java.io.PrintStream; import java.math.BigInteger; import java.net.InetAddress; import java.net.UnknownHostException; import java.security.KeyFactory; import java.security.KeyPair; import java.security.KeyPairGenerator; import java.security.KeyStore; import java.security.KeyStore.PasswordProtection; import java.security.KeyStore.PrivateKeyEntry; import java.security.KeyStore.TrustedCertificateEntry; import java.security.KeyStoreException; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; import java.security.Principal; import java.security.PrivateKey; import java.security.PublicKey; import java.security.SecureRandom; import java.security.Security; import java.security.UnrecoverableKeyException; import java.security.cert.Certificate; import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory; import java.security.cert.X509Certificate; import java.security.interfaces.ECPrivateKey; import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.Date; import java.util.List; import java.util.Vector; import javax.net.ssl.KeyManager; import javax.net.ssl.KeyManagerFactory; import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager; import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory; import javax.security.auth.x500.X500Principal; import org.bouncycastle.asn1.DEROctetString; import org.bouncycastle.asn1.x509.BasicConstraints; import org.bouncycastle.asn1.x509.GeneralName; import org.bouncycastle.asn1.x509.GeneralNames; import org.bouncycastle.asn1.x509.GeneralSubtree; import org.bouncycastle.asn1.x509.KeyUsage; import org.bouncycastle.asn1.x509.NameConstraints; import org.bouncycastle.asn1.x509.X509Extensions; import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider; import org.bouncycastle.x509.X509V3CertificateGenerator; import com.integralblue.httpresponsecache.compat.javax.net.ssl.TestKeyManager; import com.integralblue.httpresponsecache.compat.javax.net.ssl.TestTrustManager; import junit.framework.Assert; /** * TestKeyStore is a convenience class for other tests that * want a canned KeyStore with a variety of key pairs. * * Creating a key store is relatively slow, so a singleton instance is * accessible via TestKeyStore.get(). */ public final class TestKeyStore extends Assert { private static TestKeyStore ROOT_CA; private static TestKeyStore SERVER; private static TestKeyStore CLIENT; private static TestKeyStore CLIENT_CERTIFICATE; private static TestKeyStore CLIENT_2; static { if (StandardNames.IS_RI) { // Needed to create BKS keystore but add at end so most // algorithm come from the default providers Security.insertProviderAt(new BouncyCastleProvider(), Security.getProviders().length + 1); } } private static final boolean TEST_MANAGERS = true; public final KeyStore keyStore; public final char[] storePassword; public final char[] keyPassword; public final KeyManager[] keyManagers; public final TrustManager[] trustManagers; public final TestKeyManager keyManager; public final TestTrustManager trustManager; private TestKeyStore(KeyStore keyStore, char[] storePassword, char[] keyPassword) { this.keyStore = keyStore; this.storePassword = storePassword; this.keyPassword = keyPassword; this.keyManagers = createKeyManagers(keyStore, storePassword); this.trustManagers = createTrustManagers(keyStore); this.keyManager = (TestKeyManager) keyManagers[0]; this.trustManager = (TestTrustManager) trustManagers[0]; } public static KeyManager[] createKeyManagers(KeyStore keyStore, char[] storePassword) { try { String kmfa = KeyManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm(); KeyManagerFactory kmf = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance(kmfa); kmf.init(keyStore, storePassword); return TestKeyManager.wrap(kmf.getKeyManagers()); } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } public static TrustManager[] createTrustManagers(final KeyStore keyStore) { try { String tmfa = TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm(); TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(tmfa); tmf.init(keyStore); return TestTrustManager.wrap(tmf.getTrustManagers()); } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } /** * Lazily create shared test certificates. */ private static synchronized void initCerts() { if (ROOT_CA != null) { return; } ROOT_CA = new Builder().aliasPrefix("RootCA").subject("CN=Test Root Certificate Authority").ca(true) .build(); TestKeyStore intermediateCa = new Builder().aliasPrefix("IntermediateCA") .subject("CN=Test Intermediate Certificate Authority").ca(true) .signer(ROOT_CA.getPrivateKey("RSA", "RSA")).rootCa(ROOT_CA.getRootCertificate("RSA")).build(); SERVER = new Builder().aliasPrefix("server").signer(intermediateCa.getPrivateKey("RSA", "RSA")) .rootCa(intermediateCa.getRootCertificate("RSA")).build(); CLIENT = new TestKeyStore(createClient(intermediateCa.keyStore), null, null); CLIENT_CERTIFICATE = new Builder().aliasPrefix("client").subject("emailAddress=test@user") .signer(intermediateCa.getPrivateKey("RSA", "RSA")).rootCa(intermediateCa.getRootCertificate("RSA")) .build(); TestKeyStore rootCa2 = new Builder().aliasPrefix("RootCA2").subject("CN=Test Root Certificate Authority 2") .ca(true).build(); CLIENT_2 = new TestKeyStore(createClient(rootCa2.keyStore), null, null); } /** * Return a server keystore with a matched RSA certificate and * private key as well as a CA certificate. */ public static TestKeyStore getServer() { initCerts(); return SERVER; } /** * Return a keystore with a CA certificate */ public static TestKeyStore getClient() { initCerts(); return CLIENT; } /** * Return a client keystore with a matched RSA certificate and * private key as well as a CA certificate. */ public static TestKeyStore getClientCertificate() { initCerts(); return CLIENT_CERTIFICATE; } /** * Return a keystore with a second CA certificate that does not * trust the server certificate returned by getServer for negative * testing. */ public static TestKeyStore getClientCA2() { initCerts(); return CLIENT_2; } /** * Creates KeyStores containing the requested key types. Since key * generation can be expensive, most tests should reuse the RSA-only * singleton instance returned by TestKeyStore.get. */ public static class Builder { private String[] keyAlgorithms = { "RSA" }; private char[] storePassword; private char[] keyPassword; private String aliasPrefix; private X500Principal subject; private int keyUsage; private boolean ca; private PrivateKeyEntry signer; private Certificate rootCa; private final List<GeneralName> subjectAltNames = new ArrayList<GeneralName>(); private final Vector<GeneralSubtree> permittedNameConstraints = new Vector<GeneralSubtree>(); private final Vector<GeneralSubtree> excludedNameConstraints = new Vector<GeneralSubtree>(); public Builder() { subject = localhost(); } /** * Sets the requested key types to generate and include. The default is * RSA only. */ public Builder keyAlgorithms(String... keyAlgorithms) { this.keyAlgorithms = keyAlgorithms; return this; } /** A unique prefix to identify the key aliases */ public Builder aliasPrefix(String aliasPrefix) { this.aliasPrefix = aliasPrefix; return this; } /** * Sets the subject common name. The default is the local host's * canonical name. */ public Builder subject(X500Principal subject) { this.subject = subject; return this; } public Builder subject(String commonName) { return subject(new X500Principal(commonName)); } /** {@link KeyUsage} bit mask for 2.5.29.15 extension */ public Builder keyUsage(int keyUsage) { this.keyUsage = keyUsage; return this; } /** true If the keys being created are for a CA */ public Builder ca(boolean ca) { this.ca = ca; return this; } /** a private key entry to be used for signing, otherwise self-sign */ public Builder signer(PrivateKeyEntry signer) { this.signer = signer; return this; } /** a root CA to include in the final store */ public Builder rootCa(Certificate rootCa) { this.rootCa = rootCa; return this; } private Builder addSubjectAltName(GeneralName generalName) { subjectAltNames.add(generalName); return this; } public Builder addSubjectAltNameIpAddress(byte[] ipAddress) { return addSubjectAltName(new GeneralName(GeneralName.iPAddress, new DEROctetString(ipAddress))); } private Builder addNameConstraint(boolean permitted, GeneralName generalName) { if (permitted) { permittedNameConstraints.add(new GeneralSubtree(generalName)); } else { excludedNameConstraints.add(new GeneralSubtree(generalName)); } return this; } public Builder addNameConstraint(boolean permitted, byte[] ipAddress) { return addNameConstraint(permitted, new GeneralName(GeneralName.iPAddress, new DEROctetString(ipAddress))); } public TestKeyStore build() { try { if (StandardNames.IS_RI) { // JKS does not allow null password if (storePassword == null) { storePassword = "password".toCharArray(); } if (keyPassword == null) { keyPassword = "password".toCharArray(); } } KeyStore keyStore = createKeyStore(); for (String keyAlgorithm : keyAlgorithms) { String publicAlias = aliasPrefix + "-public-" + keyAlgorithm; String privateAlias = aliasPrefix + "-private-" + keyAlgorithm; if (keyAlgorithm.equals("EC_RSA") && signer == null && rootCa == null) { createKeys(keyStore, keyAlgorithm, publicAlias, privateAlias, privateKey(keyStore, keyPassword, "RSA", "RSA")); continue; } createKeys(keyStore, keyAlgorithm, publicAlias, privateAlias, signer); } if (rootCa != null) { keyStore.setCertificateEntry(aliasPrefix + "-root-ca-" + rootCa.getPublicKey().getAlgorithm(), rootCa); } return new TestKeyStore(keyStore, storePassword, keyPassword); } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } /** * Add newly generated keys of a given key type to an existing * KeyStore. The PrivateKey will be stored under the specified * private alias name. The X509Certificate will be stored on the * public alias name and have the given subject distinguished * name. * * If a CA is provided, it will be used to sign the generated * certificate. Otherwise, the certificate will be self * signed. The certificate will be valid for one day before and * one day after the time of creation. * * Based on: * org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.test.SigTest * org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.test.CertTest */ private KeyStore createKeys(KeyStore keyStore, String keyAlgorithm, String publicAlias, String privateAlias, PrivateKeyEntry signer) throws Exception { PrivateKey caKey; X509Certificate caCert; X509Certificate[] caCertChain; if (signer == null) { caKey = null; caCert = null; caCertChain = null; } else { caKey = signer.getPrivateKey(); caCert = (X509Certificate) signer.getCertificate(); caCertChain = (X509Certificate[]) signer.getCertificateChain(); } PrivateKey privateKey; X509Certificate x509c; if (publicAlias == null && privateAlias == null) { // don't want anything apparently privateKey = null; x509c = null; } else { // 1.) we make the keys int keySize; if (keyAlgorithm.equals("RSA")) { // 512 breaks SSL_RSA_EXPORT_* on RI and TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA for us keySize = 1024; } else if (keyAlgorithm.equals("DSA")) { keySize = 512; } else if (keyAlgorithm.equals("EC")) { keySize = 256; } else if (keyAlgorithm.equals("EC_RSA")) { keySize = 256; keyAlgorithm = "EC"; } else { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown key algorithm " + keyAlgorithm); } KeyPairGenerator kpg = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(keyAlgorithm); kpg.initialize(keySize, new SecureRandom()); KeyPair kp = kpg.generateKeyPair(); privateKey = kp.getPrivate(); PublicKey publicKey = kp.getPublic(); // 2.) use keys to make certificate X500Principal issuer = ((caCert != null) ? caCert.getSubjectX500Principal() : subject); PrivateKey signingKey = (caKey == null) ? privateKey : caKey; x509c = createCertificate(publicKey, signingKey, subject, issuer, keyUsage, ca, subjectAltNames, permittedNameConstraints, excludedNameConstraints); } X509Certificate[] x509cc; if (privateAlias == null) { // don't need certificate chain x509cc = null; } else if (caCertChain == null) { x509cc = new X509Certificate[] { x509c }; } else { x509cc = new X509Certificate[caCertChain.length + 1]; x509cc[0] = x509c; System.arraycopy(caCertChain, 0, x509cc, 1, caCertChain.length); } // 3.) put certificate and private key into the key store if (privateAlias != null) { keyStore.setKeyEntry(privateAlias, privateKey, keyPassword, x509cc); } if (publicAlias != null) { keyStore.setCertificateEntry(publicAlias, x509c); } return keyStore; } private X500Principal localhost() { try { return new X500Principal("CN=" + InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostName()); } catch (UnknownHostException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } } public static X509Certificate createCa(PublicKey publicKey, PrivateKey privateKey, String subject) { try { X500Principal principal = new X500Principal(subject); return createCertificate(publicKey, privateKey, principal, principal, 0, true, new Vector<GeneralName>(), new Vector<GeneralSubtree>(), new Vector<GeneralSubtree>()); } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } private static X509Certificate createCertificate(PublicKey publicKey, PrivateKey privateKey, X500Principal subject, X500Principal issuer, int keyUsage, boolean ca, List<GeneralName> subjectAltNames, Vector<GeneralSubtree> permittedNameConstraints, Vector<GeneralSubtree> excludedNameConstraints) throws Exception { // Note that there is no way to programmatically make a // Certificate using java.* or javax.* APIs. The // CertificateFactory interface assumes you want to read // in a stream of bytes, typically the X.509 factory would // allow ASN.1 DER encoded bytes and optionally some PEM // formats. Here we use Bouncy Castle's // X509V3CertificateGenerator and related classes. long millisPerDay = 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000; long now = System.currentTimeMillis(); Date start = new Date(now - millisPerDay); Date end = new Date(now + millisPerDay); BigInteger serial = BigInteger.valueOf(1); String keyAlgorithm = privateKey.getAlgorithm(); String signatureAlgorithm; if (keyAlgorithm.equals("RSA")) { signatureAlgorithm = "sha1WithRSA"; } else if (keyAlgorithm.equals("DSA")) { signatureAlgorithm = "sha1WithDSA"; } else if (keyAlgorithm.equals("EC")) { signatureAlgorithm = "sha1WithECDSA"; } else if (keyAlgorithm.equals("EC_RSA")) { signatureAlgorithm = "sha1WithRSA"; } else { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown key algorithm " + keyAlgorithm); } X509V3CertificateGenerator x509cg = new X509V3CertificateGenerator(); x509cg.setSubjectDN(subject); x509cg.setIssuerDN(issuer); x509cg.setNotBefore(start); x509cg.setNotAfter(end); x509cg.setPublicKey(publicKey); x509cg.setSignatureAlgorithm(signatureAlgorithm); x509cg.setSerialNumber(serial); if (keyUsage != 0) { x509cg.addExtension(X509Extensions.KeyUsage, true, new KeyUsage(keyUsage)); } if (ca) { x509cg.addExtension(X509Extensions.BasicConstraints, true, new BasicConstraints(true)); } for (GeneralName subjectAltName : subjectAltNames) { x509cg.addExtension(X509Extensions.SubjectAlternativeName, false, new GeneralNames(subjectAltName).getEncoded()); } if (!permittedNameConstraints.isEmpty() || !excludedNameConstraints.isEmpty()) { x509cg.addExtension(X509Extensions.NameConstraints, true, new NameConstraints(permittedNameConstraints, excludedNameConstraints)); } if (privateKey instanceof ECPrivateKey) { /* * bouncycastle needs its own ECPrivateKey implementation */ KeyFactory kf = KeyFactory.getInstance(keyAlgorithm, "BC"); PKCS8EncodedKeySpec ks = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(privateKey.getEncoded()); privateKey = kf.generatePrivate(ks); } X509Certificate x509c = x509cg.generateX509Certificate(privateKey); if (StandardNames.IS_RI) { /* * The RI can't handle the BC EC signature algorithm * string of "ECDSA", since it expects "...WITHEC...", * so convert from BC to RI X509Certificate * implementation via bytes. */ CertificateFactory cf = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509"); ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(x509c.getEncoded()); Certificate c = cf.generateCertificate(bais); x509c = (X509Certificate) c; } return x509c; } /** * Return the key algorithm for a possible compound algorithm * identifier containing an underscore. If not underscore is * present, the argument is returned unmodified. However for an * algorithm such as EC_RSA, return EC. */ public static String keyAlgorithm(String algorithm) { int index = algorithm.indexOf('_'); if (index == -1) { return algorithm; } return algorithm.substring(0, index); } /** * Return the signature algorithm for a possible compound * algorithm identifier containing an underscore. If not * underscore is present, the argument is returned * unmodified. However for an algorithm such as EC_RSA, return * RSA. */ public static String signatureAlgorithm(String algorithm) { int index = algorithm.indexOf('_'); if (index == -1) { return algorithm; } return algorithm.substring(index + 1, algorithm.length()); } /** * Create an empty KeyStore * * The KeyStore is optionally password protected by the * keyStorePassword argument, which can be null if a password is * not desired. */ public static KeyStore createKeyStore() { try { KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance(StandardNames.KEY_STORE_ALGORITHM); keyStore.load(null, null); return keyStore; } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } /** * Return the only private key in a TestKeyStore for the given * algorithms. Throws IllegalStateException if there are are more * or less than one. */ public PrivateKeyEntry getPrivateKey(String keyAlgorithm, String signatureAlgorithm) { return privateKey(keyStore, keyPassword, keyAlgorithm, signatureAlgorithm); } /** * Return the only private key in a keystore for the given * algorithms. Throws IllegalStateException if there are are more * or less than one. */ public static PrivateKeyEntry privateKey(KeyStore keyStore, char[] keyPassword, String keyAlgorithm, String signatureAlgorithm) { try { PrivateKeyEntry found = null; PasswordProtection password = new PasswordProtection(keyPassword); for (String alias : Collections.list(keyStore.aliases())) { if (!keyStore.entryInstanceOf(alias, PrivateKeyEntry.class)) { continue; } PrivateKeyEntry privateKey = (PrivateKeyEntry) keyStore.getEntry(alias, password); if (!privateKey.getPrivateKey().getAlgorithm().equals(keyAlgorithm)) { continue; } X509Certificate certificate = (X509Certificate) privateKey.getCertificate(); if (!certificate.getSigAlgName().contains(signatureAlgorithm)) { continue; } if (found != null) { throw new IllegalStateException("KeyStore has more than one private key for " + " keyAlgorithm: " + keyAlgorithm + " signatureAlgorithm: " + signatureAlgorithm + "\nfirst: " + found.getPrivateKey() + "\nsecond: " + privateKey.getPrivateKey()); } found = privateKey; } if (found == null) { throw new IllegalStateException("KeyStore contained no private key for " + " keyAlgorithm: " + keyAlgorithm + " signatureAlgorithm: " + signatureAlgorithm); } return found; } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } /** * Return the issuing CA certificate of the given * certificate. Throws IllegalStateException if there are are more * or less than one. */ public Certificate getIssuer(Certificate cert) throws Exception { return issuer(keyStore, cert); } /** * Return the issuing CA certificate of the given * certificate. Throws IllegalStateException if there are are more * or less than one. */ public static Certificate issuer(KeyStore keyStore, Certificate c) throws Exception { if (!(c instanceof X509Certificate)) { throw new IllegalStateException("issuer requires an X509Certificate, found " + c); } X509Certificate cert = (X509Certificate) c; Certificate found = null; for (String alias : Collections.list(keyStore.aliases())) { if (!keyStore.entryInstanceOf(alias, TrustedCertificateEntry.class)) { continue; } TrustedCertificateEntry certificateEntry = (TrustedCertificateEntry) keyStore.getEntry(alias, null); Certificate certificate = certificateEntry.getTrustedCertificate(); if (!(certificate instanceof X509Certificate)) { continue; } X509Certificate x = (X509Certificate) certificate; if (!cert.getIssuerDN().equals(x.getSubjectDN())) { continue; } if (found != null) { throw new IllegalStateException("KeyStore has more than one issuing CA for " + cert + "\nfirst: " + found + "\nsecond: " + certificate); } found = certificate; } if (found == null) { throw new IllegalStateException("KeyStore contained no issuing CA for " + cert); } return found; } /** * Return the only self-signed root certificate in a TestKeyStore * for the given algorithm. Throws IllegalStateException if there * are are more or less than one. */ public X509Certificate getRootCertificate(String algorithm) { return rootCertificate(keyStore, algorithm); } /** * Return the only self-signed root certificate in a keystore for * the given algorithm. Throws IllegalStateException if there are * are more or less than one. */ public static X509Certificate rootCertificate(KeyStore keyStore, String algorithm) { try { X509Certificate found = null; for (String alias : Collections.list(keyStore.aliases())) { if (!keyStore.entryInstanceOf(alias, TrustedCertificateEntry.class)) { continue; } TrustedCertificateEntry certificateEntry = (TrustedCertificateEntry) keyStore.getEntry(alias, null); Certificate certificate = certificateEntry.getTrustedCertificate(); if (!certificate.getPublicKey().getAlgorithm().equals(algorithm)) { continue; } if (!(certificate instanceof X509Certificate)) { continue; } X509Certificate x = (X509Certificate) certificate; if (!x.getIssuerDN().equals(x.getSubjectDN())) { continue; } if (found != null) { throw new IllegalStateException("KeyStore has more than one root CA for " + algorithm + "\nfirst: " + found + "\nsecond: " + certificate); } found = x; } if (found == null) { throw new IllegalStateException("KeyStore contained no root CA for " + algorithm); } return found; } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } /** * Create a client key store that only contains self-signed certificates but no private keys */ public static KeyStore createClient(KeyStore caKeyStore) { KeyStore clientKeyStore = createKeyStore(); copySelfSignedCertificates(clientKeyStore, caKeyStore); return clientKeyStore; } /** * Copy self-signed certificates from one key store to another. * Returns true if successful, false if no match found. */ public static boolean copySelfSignedCertificates(KeyStore dst, KeyStore src) { try { boolean copied = false; for (String alias : Collections.list(src.aliases())) { if (!src.isCertificateEntry(alias)) { continue; } X509Certificate cert = (X509Certificate) src.getCertificate(alias); if (!cert.getSubjectDN().equals(cert.getIssuerDN())) { continue; } dst.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert); copied = true; } return copied; } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } /** * Copy named certificates from one key store to another. * Returns true if successful, false if no match found. */ public static boolean copyCertificate(Principal subject, KeyStore dst, KeyStore src) throws Exception { for (String alias : Collections.list(src.aliases())) { if (!src.isCertificateEntry(alias)) { continue; } X509Certificate cert = (X509Certificate) src.getCertificate(alias); if (!cert.getSubjectDN().equals(subject)) { continue; } dst.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert); return true; } return false; } /** * Dump a key store for debugging. */ public static void dump(String context, KeyStore keyStore, char[] keyPassword) throws KeyStoreException, NoSuchAlgorithmException { PrintStream out = System.out; out.println("context=" + context); out.println("\tkeyStore=" + keyStore); out.println("\tkeyStore.type=" + keyStore.getType()); out.println("\tkeyStore.provider=" + keyStore.getProvider()); out.println("\tkeyPassword=" + ((keyPassword == null) ? null : new String(keyPassword))); out.println("\tsize=" + keyStore.size()); for (String alias : Collections.list(keyStore.aliases())) { out.println("alias=" + alias); out.println("\tcreationDate=" + keyStore.getCreationDate(alias)); if (keyStore.isCertificateEntry(alias)) { out.println("\tcertificate:"); out.println("=========================================="); out.println(keyStore.getCertificate(alias)); out.println("=========================================="); continue; } if (keyStore.isKeyEntry(alias)) { out.println("\tkey:"); out.println("=========================================="); String key; try { key = ("Key retrieved using password\n" + keyStore.getKey(alias, keyPassword)); } catch (UnrecoverableKeyException e1) { try { key = ("Key retrieved without password\n" + keyStore.getKey(alias, null)); } catch (UnrecoverableKeyException e2) { key = "Key could not be retrieved"; } } out.println(key); out.println("=========================================="); Certificate[] chain = keyStore.getCertificateChain(alias); if (chain == null) { out.println("No certificate chain associated with key"); out.println("=========================================="); } else { for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) { out.println("Certificate chain element #" + i); out.println(chain[i]); out.println("=========================================="); } } continue; } out.println("\tunknown entry type"); } } public static void assertChainLength(Object[] chain) { /* * Note chain is Object[] to support both * java.security.cert.X509Certificate and * javax.security.cert.X509Certificate */ assertEquals(3, chain.length); } }