Java tutorial
/* * Copyright (C) 2013 The Android Open Source Project * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package com.guangyao.bluetoothtest.service; import android.annotation.SuppressLint; import android.app.Service; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile; import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.IntentFilter; import android.os.Binder; import android.os.IBinder; import android.support.v4.content.LocalBroadcastManager; import android.util.Log; import com.guangyao.bluetoothtest.App; import com.guangyao.bluetoothtest.SampleGattAttributes; import com.guangyao.bluetoothtest.constans.BleConstans; import com.guangyao.bluetoothtest.constans.Constans; import com.guangyao.bluetoothtest.utils.DataHandlerUtils; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Timer; import java.util.TimerTask; import java.util.UUID; /** * Service for managing connection and data communication with a GATT server hosted on a * given Bluetooth LE device. */ public class BluetoothLeService extends Service { private final static String TAG = BluetoothLeService.class.getSimpleName(); private BluetoothManager mBluetoothManager; private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter; private String mBluetoothDeviceAddress; private BluetoothGatt mBluetoothGatt; private int mConnectionState = STATE_DISCONNECTED; private static final int STATE_DISCONNECTED = 0; private static final int STATE_CONNECTING = 1; private static final int STATE_CONNECTED = 2; public final static String ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED = "com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED"; public final static String ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED = "com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED"; public final static String ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED = "com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED"; public final static String ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE = "com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE"; public final static String EXTRA_DATA = "com.example.bluetooth.le.EXTRA_DATA"; public final static UUID UUID_HEART_RATE_MEASUREMENT = UUID .fromString(SampleGattAttributes.HEART_RATE_MEASUREMENT); public static final UUID CCCD = UUID.fromString("00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"); public static final UUID RX_SERVICE_UUID = UUID.fromString("6e400001-b5a3-f393-e0a9-e50e24dcca9e"); public static final UUID RX_CHAR_UUID = UUID.fromString("6e400002-b5a3-f393-e0a9-e50e24dcca9e"); public static final UUID TX_CHAR_UUID = UUID.fromString("6e400003-b5a3-f393-e0a9-e50e24dcca9e"); private static final int SEND_PACKET_SIZE = 20; private static final int FREE = 0; private static final int SENDING = 1; private static final int RECEIVING = 2; private int ble_status = FREE; private int packet_counter = 0; private int send_data_pointer = 0; private byte[] send_data = null; private boolean first_packet = false; private boolean final_packet = false; private boolean packet_send = false; private Timer mTimer; private int time_out_counter = 0; private int TIMER_INTERVAL = 100; private int TIME_OUT_LIMIT = 100; public ArrayList<byte[]> data_queue = new ArrayList<>(); boolean sendingStoredData = false; // Implements callback methods for GATT events that the app cares about. For example, // connection change and services discovered. private final BluetoothGattCallback mGattCallback = new BluetoothGattCallback() { @Override public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) { String intentAction; if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) { App.mConnected = true; intentAction = ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED; mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTED; broadcastUpdate(intentAction); // Attempts to discover services after successful connection. Log.i(TAG, "Attempting to start com.wakeup.bluetoothtest.service discovery:" + mBluetoothGatt.discoverServices()); } else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) { App.mConnected = false; intentAction = ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED; mConnectionState = STATE_DISCONNECTED; broadcastUpdate(intentAction); close(); } } @Override public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) { if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) { broadcastUpdate(ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED); enableTXNotification();//?????? } else { Log.w(TAG, "onServicesDiscovered received: " + status); } } @Override public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) { if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) { broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic); } } @Override public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) { broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic); } @Override public void onCharacteristicWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) { super.onCharacteristicWrite(gatt, characteristic, status); } @Override public void onReadRemoteRssi(BluetoothGatt gatt, int rssi, int status) { super.onReadRemoteRssi(gatt, rssi, status); } }; private SendDataToBleReceiver sendDataToBleReceiver; private void broadcastUpdate(final String action) { final Intent intent = new Intent(action); sendBroadcast(intent); } private void broadcastUpdate(final String action, final BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) { final Intent intent = new Intent(action); // This is special handling for the Heart Rate Measurement profile. Data parsing is // carried out as per profile specifications: // http://developer.bluetooth.org/gatt/characteristics/Pages/CharacteristicViewer.aspx?u=org.bluetooth.characteristic.heart_rate_measurement.xml // if (UUID_HEART_RATE_MEASUREMENT.equals(characteristic.getUuid())) { // int flag = characteristic.getProperties(); // int format = -1; // if ((flag & 0x01) != 0) { // format = BluetoothGattCharacteristic.FORMAT_UINT16; // Log.d(TAG, "Heart rate format UINT16."); // } else { // format = BluetoothGattCharacteristic.FORMAT_UINT8; // Log.d(TAG, "Heart rate format UINT8."); // } // final int heartRate = characteristic.getIntValue(format, 1); // Log.d(TAG, String.format("Received heart rate: %d", heartRate)); // intent.putExtra(EXTRA_DATA, String.valueOf(heartRate)); // } else { // // For all other profiles, writes the data formatted in HEX. // final byte[] data = characteristic.getValue(); // if (data != null && data.length > 0) { // final StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(data.length); // for (byte byteChar : data) // stringBuilder.append(String.format("%02X ", byteChar)); // intent.putExtra(EXTRA_DATA, new String(data) + "\n" + stringBuilder.toString()); // } // } if (TX_CHAR_UUID.equals(characteristic.getUuid())) { byte[] data = characteristic.getValue(); Log.d(TAG, "broadcastUpdate: received from ble:" + DataHandlerUtils.bytesToHexStr(data)); if (ble_status == FREE || ble_status == RECEIVING) { ble_status = RECEIVING; if (data != null) { intent.putExtra(EXTRA_DATA, data); sendBroadcast(intent); } ble_status = FREE; } else if (ble_status == SENDING) { if (final_packet) { final_packet = false; } ble_status = FREE; } } } public class LocalBinder extends Binder { public BluetoothLeService getService() { return BluetoothLeService.this; } } @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return mBinder; } @Override public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) { close(); return super.onUnbind(intent); } private final IBinder mBinder = new LocalBinder(); /** * Initializes a reference to the local Bluetooth com.wakeup.bluetoothtest.adapter. * * @return Return true if the initialization is successful. */ public boolean initialize() { // For API level 18 and above, get a reference to BluetoothAdapter through // BluetoothManager. if (mBluetoothManager == null) { mBluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE); if (mBluetoothManager == null) { Log.e(TAG, "Unable to initialize BluetoothManager."); return false; } } mBluetoothAdapter = mBluetoothManager.getAdapter(); if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) { Log.e(TAG, "Unable to obtain a BluetoothAdapter."); return false; } return true; } /** * Connects to the GATT server hosted on the Bluetooth LE device. * * @param address The device address of the destination device. * @return Return true if the connection is initiated successfully. The connection result * is reported asynchronously through the * {@code BluetoothGattCallback#onConnectionStateChange(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, int, int)} * callback. */ public boolean connect(final String address) { if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || address == null) { Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized or unspecified address."); return false; } // Previously connected device. Try to reconnect. if (mBluetoothDeviceAddress != null && address.equals(mBluetoothDeviceAddress) && mBluetoothGatt != null) { Log.d(TAG, "Trying to use an existing mBluetoothGatt for connection."); if (mBluetoothGatt.connect()) { mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTING; return true; } else { return false; } } final BluetoothDevice device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address); if (device == null) { Log.w(TAG, "Device not found. Unable to connect."); return false; } // We want to directly connect to the device, so we are setting the autoConnect // parameter to false. mBluetoothGatt = device.connectGatt(this, false, mGattCallback); Log.d(TAG, "Trying to create a new connection."); mBluetoothDeviceAddress = address; mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTING; return true; } /** * Disconnects an existing connection or cancel a pending connection. The disconnection result * is reported asynchronously through the * {@code BluetoothGattCallback#onConnectionStateChange(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, int, int)} * callback. */ public void disconnect() { if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || mBluetoothGatt == null) { Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized"); return; } mBluetoothGatt.disconnect(); } /** * After using a given BLE device, the app must call this method to ensure resources are * released properly. */ public void close() { if (mBluetoothGatt == null) { return; } mBluetoothGatt.close(); mBluetoothGatt = null; } /** * Request a read on a given {@code BluetoothGattCharacteristic}. The read result is reported * asynchronously through the {@code BluetoothGattCallback#onCharacteristicRead(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic, int)} * callback. * * @param characteristic The characteristic to read from. */ public void readCharacteristic(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) { if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || mBluetoothGatt == null) { Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized"); return; } mBluetoothGatt.readCharacteristic(characteristic); } /** * Enables or disables notification on a give characteristic. * * @param characteristic Characteristic to act on. * @param enabled If true, enable notification. False otherwise. */ public void setCharacteristicNotification(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, boolean enabled) { if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || mBluetoothGatt == null) { Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized"); return; } mBluetoothGatt.setCharacteristicNotification(characteristic, enabled); // This is specific to Heart Rate Measurement. if (UUID_HEART_RATE_MEASUREMENT.equals(characteristic.getUuid())) { BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor = characteristic .getDescriptor(UUID.fromString(SampleGattAttributes.CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIG)); descriptor.setValue(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE); mBluetoothGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor); } } /** * Retrieves a list of supported GATT services on the connected device. This should be * invoked only after {@code BluetoothGatt#discoverServices()} completes successfully. * * @return A {@code List} of supported services. */ public List<BluetoothGattService> getSupportedGattServices() { if (mBluetoothGatt == null) return null; return mBluetoothGatt.getServices(); } class SendDataToBleReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { String action = intent.getAction(); if (action.equals(BleConstans.ACTION_SEND_DATA_TO_BLE)) { byte[] send_data = intent.getByteArrayExtra(Constans.EXTRA_SEND_DATA_TO_BLE); if (send_data != null) { BLE_send_data_set(send_data, false); } } } } @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); sendDataToBleReceiver = new SendDataToBleReceiver(); IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter(); intentFilter.addAction(BleConstans.ACTION_SEND_DATA_TO_BLE); LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).registerReceiver(sendDataToBleReceiver, intentFilter); //?? IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(); filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED); this.registerReceiver(bluetoothStatusChangeReceiver, filter); } private final BroadcastReceiver bluetoothStatusChangeReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() { public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { String action = intent.getAction(); if (action.equals(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED)) { if (intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_STATE, -1) == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF) { Log.i(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF ?");// ? App.BLE_ON = false; // devicesGatts.clear(); // resetBluetooth(); } else if (intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_STATE, -1) == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON) { // initBluetooth(); App.BLE_ON = true; Log.i(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON ??");//// ?? } } } }; @Override public void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).unregisterReceiver(sendDataToBleReceiver); } /** * ?BLE??? */ private void BLE_send_data_set(byte[] data, boolean retry_status) { if (ble_status != FREE || mConnectionState != STATE_CONNECTED) { //????????? if (sendingStoredData) { if (!retry_status) { data_queue.add(data); } return; } else { data_queue.add(data); start_timer(); } } else { ble_status = SENDING; if (data_queue.size() != 0) { send_data = data_queue.get(0); sendingStoredData = false; } else { send_data = data; } packet_counter = 0; send_data_pointer = 0; // first_packet = true; BLE_data_send(); if (data_queue.size() != 0) { data_queue.remove(0); } if (data_queue.size() == 0) { if (mTimer != null) { mTimer.cancel(); } } } } /** * */ private void start_timer() { sendingStoredData = true; if (mTimer != null) { mTimer.cancel(); } mTimer = new Timer(true); mTimer.schedule(new TimerTask() { @Override public void run() { timer_Tick(); } }, 100, TIMER_INTERVAL); } /** * @brief Interval timer function. */ private void timer_Tick() { if (data_queue.size() != 0) { sendingStoredData = true; BLE_send_data_set(data_queue.get(0), true); } if (time_out_counter < TIME_OUT_LIMIT) { time_out_counter++; } else { ble_status = FREE; time_out_counter = 0; } return; } /** * @brief Send data using BLE. ???? */ private void BLE_data_send() { int err_count = 0; int send_data_pointer_save; int wait_counter; boolean first_packet_save; while (!final_packet) { //?? byte[] temp_buffer; send_data_pointer_save = send_data_pointer; first_packet_save = first_packet; if (first_packet) { // if ((send_data.length - send_data_pointer) > (SEND_PACKET_SIZE)) { temp_buffer = new byte[SEND_PACKET_SIZE];//20 for (int i = 0; i < SEND_PACKET_SIZE; i++) { // temp_buffer[i] = send_data[send_data_pointer]; send_data_pointer++; } } else { //????20 temp_buffer = new byte[send_data.length - send_data_pointer]; for (int i = 0; i < temp_buffer.length; i++) { //?? temp_buffer[i] = send_data[send_data_pointer]; send_data_pointer++; } final_packet = true; } first_packet = false; } else { //? if (send_data.length - send_data_pointer >= SEND_PACKET_SIZE) { temp_buffer = new byte[SEND_PACKET_SIZE]; temp_buffer[0] = (byte) packet_counter; for (int i = 1; i < SEND_PACKET_SIZE; i++) { temp_buffer[i] = send_data[send_data_pointer]; send_data_pointer++; } } else { final_packet = true; temp_buffer = new byte[send_data.length - send_data_pointer + 1]; temp_buffer[0] = (byte) packet_counter; for (int i = 1; i < temp_buffer.length; i++) { temp_buffer[i] = send_data[send_data_pointer]; send_data_pointer++; } } packet_counter++; } packet_send = false; boolean status = writeRXCharacteristic(temp_buffer); if ((status == false) && (err_count < 3)) { err_count++; try { Thread.sleep(50); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } send_data_pointer = send_data_pointer_save; first_packet = first_packet_save; packet_counter--; } // Send Wait for (wait_counter = 0; wait_counter < 5; wait_counter++) { if (packet_send == true) { break; } try { Thread.sleep(1); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } final_packet = false; ble_status = FREE; } /** * @brief writeRXCharacteristic */ public boolean writeRXCharacteristic(byte[] value) { BluetoothGattService RxService = mBluetoothGatt.getService(RX_SERVICE_UUID); if (RxService == null) { return false; } BluetoothGattCharacteristic RxChar = RxService.getCharacteristic(RX_CHAR_UUID); if (RxChar == null) { return false; } RxChar.setValue(value); boolean status = mBluetoothGatt.writeCharacteristic(RxChar); Log.d(TAG, "Send commandstatus" + status + "-->" + DataHandlerUtils.bytesToHexStr(value)); return status; } /** * @brief enableTXNotification */ @SuppressLint("InlinedApi") public void enableTXNotification() { BluetoothGattService RxService = mBluetoothGatt.getService(RX_SERVICE_UUID); if (RxService == null) { return; } BluetoothGattCharacteristic TxChar = RxService.getCharacteristic(TX_CHAR_UUID); if (TxChar == null) { return; } mBluetoothGatt.setCharacteristicNotification(TxChar, true); BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor = TxChar.getDescriptor(CCCD); descriptor.setValue(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE); mBluetoothGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor); } }