Java tutorial
/* Essential Java 3D Fast Ian Palmer Publisher: Springer-Verlag ISBN: 1-85233-394-4 */ import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Button; import java.awt.Frame; import java.awt.Panel; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.Locale; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.Node; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalBody; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalEnvironment; import javax.media.j3d.Switch; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.View; import javax.media.j3d.ViewPlatform; import javax.media.j3d.VirtualUniverse; import javax.vecmath.AxisAngle4d; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Box; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Cone; /** * This application uses a switch node to swap between two shapes. The switch is * driven by two AWT buttons. * * @author I.J.Palmer * @version 1.0 */ public class SimpleSwitch extends Frame implements ActionListener { protected Canvas3D myCanvas3D = new Canvas3D(null); /** The exit button */ protected Button exitButton = new Button("Exit"); /** Set the shape to a box */ protected Button boxButton = new Button("Box"); /** Set the shape to a cone */ protected Button coneButton = new Button("Cone"); /** The switch that is used to swap between the shapes */ protected Switch firstSwitch = new Switch(0); /** * This function builds the view branch of the scene graph. It creates a * branch group and then creates the necessary view elements to give a * useful view of our content. * * @param c * Canvas3D that will display the view * @return BranchGroup that is the root of the view elements */ protected BranchGroup buildViewBranch(Canvas3D c) { BranchGroup viewBranch = new BranchGroup(); Transform3D viewXfm = new Transform3D(); viewXfm.set(new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 10.0f)); TransformGroup viewXfmGroup = new TransformGroup(viewXfm); ViewPlatform myViewPlatform = new ViewPlatform(); PhysicalBody myBody = new PhysicalBody(); PhysicalEnvironment myEnvironment = new PhysicalEnvironment(); viewXfmGroup.addChild(myViewPlatform); viewBranch.addChild(viewXfmGroup); View myView = new View(); myView.addCanvas3D(c); myView.attachViewPlatform(myViewPlatform); myView.setPhysicalBody(myBody); myView.setPhysicalEnvironment(myEnvironment); return viewBranch; } /** * Add some lights so that we can illuminate the scene. This adds one * ambient light to bring up the overall lighting level and one directional * shape to show the shape of the objects in the scene. * * @param b * BranchGroup that the lights are to be added to. */ protected void addLights(BranchGroup b) { BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), 100.0); Color3f lightColour1 = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); Vector3f lightDir1 = new Vector3f(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f); Color3f lightColour2 = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); Vector3f lightDir2 = new Vector3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); DirectionalLight light1 = new DirectionalLight(lightColour1, lightDir1); light1.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); DirectionalLight light2 = new DirectionalLight(lightColour2, lightDir2); light2.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); b.addChild(light1); b.addChild(light2); } /** * This builds the content branch of our scene graph. The root of the shapes * supplied as a parameter is slightly tilted to reveal its 3D shape. It * also uses the addLights function to add some lights to the scene. * * @param shape * Node that represents the geometry for the content * @return BranchGroup that is the root of the content branch */ protected BranchGroup buildContentBranch(Node shape) { BranchGroup contentBranch = new BranchGroup(); Transform3D rotateCube = new Transform3D(); rotateCube.set(new AxisAngle4d(1.0, 1.0, 0.0, Math.PI / 4.0)); TransformGroup rotationGroup = new TransformGroup(rotateCube); contentBranch.addChild(rotationGroup); rotationGroup.addChild(shape); addLights(contentBranch); return contentBranch; } /** * This creates the shapes used in the program. A switch node is created * that has its write capability set so that we can swap the rendered shape. * Then a box and a cone are created and added to the switch. * * @return Node that is the switch node */ protected Node buildShape() { Appearance app = new Appearance(); Color3f ambientColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); Color3f emissiveColour = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); Color3f specularColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); Color3f diffuseColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); float shininess = 20.0f; app.setMaterial(new Material(ambientColour, emissiveColour, diffuseColour, specularColour, shininess)); //Set the capability so that we can change the switch value firstSwitch.setCapability(Switch.ALLOW_SWITCH_WRITE); //Add the two shapes to the switch firstSwitch.addChild(new Box(2.0f, 2.0f, 2.0f, Box.GENERATE_NORMALS, app)); firstSwitch.addChild(new Cone(2.0f, 4.0f, Cone.GENERATE_NORMALS, app)); return firstSwitch; } /** * Process the AWT events and perform the appropriate actions. If the exit * button has been pressed, quit the application, if the box button has been * pressed, select the box child of the switch and if its the cone button * select the cone child. * * @param e * ActionEvent that is to be processed. */ public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { if (e.getSource() == exitButton) { dispose(); System.exit(0); } else if (e.getSource() == boxButton) { firstSwitch.setWhichChild(0); } else if (e.getSource() == coneButton) { firstSwitch.setWhichChild(1); } } public SimpleSwitch() { VirtualUniverse myUniverse = new VirtualUniverse(); Locale myLocale = new Locale(myUniverse); myLocale.addBranchGraph(buildViewBranch(myCanvas3D)); myLocale.addBranchGraph(buildContentBranch(buildShape())); setTitle("SimpleWorld"); setSize(400, 400); setLayout(new BorderLayout()); Panel bottom = new Panel(); bottom.add(boxButton); bottom.add(coneButton); bottom.add(exitButton); add(BorderLayout.CENTER, myCanvas3D); add(BorderLayout.SOUTH, bottom); exitButton.addActionListener(this); boxButton.addActionListener(this); coneButton.addActionListener(this); setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args) { SimpleSwitch ss = new SimpleSwitch(); } }