Cpp - cout Output Strings

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Introduction

Strings can be positioned within output fields. 

string s("spring flowers "); 
cout << left            // Left-aligned 
     << setfill('?')    // Fill character ? 
     << setw(20) << s ; // Field width 20

This example outputs the string: 

spring  flowers??????

The manipulator right can be used to right-justify the output within the field.