The basic datatypes : Introduction « Data Types « MySQL Tutorial

Datatype	Description	Example:
INT	Numeric entry	id INT
VARCHAR(n)	Text string of characters up to n with a maximim of 255 characters	myVarChar VARCHAR(20)
CHAR(n)	Text string with specific number (n) of characters.	myChar CHAR(30)
TEXT	Holds between 255 - 65535 characters	myText TEXT
DATE	The date stored in the format YYYY-MM-DD	myDate DATE
TIME	The time stored in the format HH:MM:SS	myTime TIME

The syntax for defining a field and datatype is 'fieldname datatype'.

If string length in CHAR(n) Column is less than 'n' then the string is padded by spaces (spaces are removed when data is retrieved).

n for CHAR(n) is 255 Maximum.

10.16.Introduction
	10.16.1.	The basic datatypes
	10.16.2.	Date Datatypes
	10.16.3.	Numeric Types Storage
	10.16.4.	Numeric Types
	10.16.5.	ZEROFILL,UNSIGNED,SERIAL,SERIAL DEFAULT VALUE
	10.16.6.	Using Data Types from Other Database Engines
	10.16.7.	Data type mapping occurs at table creation time, after which the original type specifications are discarded.
	10.16.8.	Storage Requirements for Numeric Types
	10.16.9.	Storage Requirements for Date and Time Types
	10.16.10.	The format of the zero value for each type.