Gray scale image operation : Image « 2D Graphics « Java Tutorial






/*
 * Copyright (c) 2000 David Flanagan.  All rights reserved.
 * This code is from the book Java Examples in a Nutshell, 2nd Edition.
 * It is provided AS-IS, WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY either expressed or implied.
 * You may study, use, and modify it for any non-commercial purpose.
 * You may distribute it non-commercially as long as you retain this notice.
 * For a commercial use license, or to purchase the book (recommended),
 * visit http://www.davidflanagan.com/javaexamples2.
 */

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.color.ColorSpace;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.AffineTransformOp;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImageOp;
import java.awt.image.ByteLookupTable;
import java.awt.image.ColorConvertOp;
import java.awt.image.ConvolveOp;
import java.awt.image.Kernel;
import java.awt.image.LookupOp;
import java.awt.image.RescaleOp;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.net.URL;

import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

/** A demonstration of various image processing filters */
public class ImageOps extends JPanel {
    static final int WIDTH = 600, HEIGHT = 675; // Size of our example

    public String getName() {
        return "Image Processing";
    }

    public int getWidth() {
        return WIDTH;
    }

    public int getHeight() {
        return HEIGHT;
    }

    Image image;

    /** This constructor loads the image we will manipulate */
public ImageOps() {
    image = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage("a.jpg");
  }
    // These arrays of bytes are used by the LookupImageOp image filters below
    static byte[] brightenTable = new byte[256];

    static byte[] thresholdTable = new byte[256];
    static { // Initialize the arrays
        for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
            brightenTable[i] = (byte) (Math.sqrt(i / 255.0) * 255);
            thresholdTable[i] = (byte) ((i < 225) ? 0 : i);
        }
    }

    // This AffineTransform is used by one of the image filters below
    static AffineTransform mirrorTransform;
    static { // Create and initialize the AffineTransform
        mirrorTransform = AffineTransform.getTranslateInstance(127, 0);
        mirrorTransform.scale(-1.0, 1.0); // flip horizontally
    }

    // These are the labels we'll display for each of the filtered images
    static String[] filterNames = new String[] { "Original", "Gray Scale", "Negative", "Brighten (linear)", "Brighten (sqrt)", "Threshold", "Blur", "Sharpen", "Edge Detect", "Mirror", "Rotate (center)", "Rotate (lower left)" };

    // The following BufferedImageOp image filter objects perform
    // different types of image processing operations.
    static BufferedImageOp[] filters = new BufferedImageOp[] {
    // 1) No filter here. We'll display the original image
                                                              null,
                                                              // 2) Convert to Grayscale color space
                                                              new ColorConvertOp(ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_GRAY), null),
                                                              // 3) Image negative. Multiply each color value by -1.0 and add 255
                                                              new RescaleOp(-1.0f, 255f, null),
                                                              // 4) Brighten using a linear formula that increases all color
                                                              // values
                                                              new RescaleOp(1.25f, 0, null),
                                                              // 5) Brighten using the lookup table defined above
                                                              new LookupOp(new ByteLookupTable(0, brightenTable), null),
                                                              // 6) Threshold using the lookup table defined above
                                                              new LookupOp(new ByteLookupTable(0, thresholdTable), null),
                                                              // 7) Blur by "convolving" the image with a matrix
                                                              new ConvolveOp(new Kernel(3, 3, new float[] { .1111f, .1111f, .1111f, .1111f, .1111f, .1111f, .1111f, .1111f, .1111f, })),
                                                              // 8) Sharpen by using a different matrix
                                                              new ConvolveOp(new Kernel(3, 3, new float[] { 0.0f, -0.75f, 0.0f, -0.75f, 4.0f, -0.75f, 0.0f, -0.75f, 0.0f })),
                                                              // 9) Edge detect using yet another matrix
                                                              new ConvolveOp(new Kernel(3, 3, new float[] { 0.0f, -0.75f, 0.0f, -0.75f, 3.0f, -0.75f, 0.0f, -0.75f, 0.0f })),
                                                              // 10) Compute a mirror image using the transform defined above
                                                              new AffineTransformOp(mirrorTransform, AffineTransformOp.TYPE_BILINEAR),
                                                              // 11) Rotate the image 180 degrees about its center point
                                                              new AffineTransformOp(AffineTransform.getRotateInstance(Math.PI, 64, 95), AffineTransformOp.TYPE_NEAREST_NEIGHBOR),
                                                              // 12) Rotate the image 15 degrees about the bottom left
                                                              new AffineTransformOp(AffineTransform.getRotateInstance(Math.PI / 12, 0, 190), AffineTransformOp.TYPE_NEAREST_NEIGHBOR), };

    /** Draw the example */
    public void paint(Graphics g1) {
        Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) g1;
        // Create a BufferedImage big enough to hold the Image loaded
        // in the constructor. Then copy that image into the new
        // BufferedImage object so that we can process it.
        BufferedImage bimage = new BufferedImage(image.getWidth(this), image.getHeight(this), BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        Graphics2D ig = bimage.createGraphics();
        ig.drawImage(image, 0, 0, this); // copy the image

        // Set some default graphics attributes
        g.setFont(new Font("SansSerif", Font.BOLD, 12)); // 12pt bold text
        g.setColor(Color.green); // Draw in green
        g.translate(10, 10); // Set some margins

        // Loop through the filters
        for (int i = 0; i < filters.length; i++) {
            // If the filter is null, draw the original image, otherwise,
            // draw the image as processed by the filter
            if (filters[i] == null)
                g.drawImage(bimage, 0, 0, this);
            else
                g.drawImage(filters[i].filter(bimage, null), 0, 0, this);
            g.drawString(filterNames[i], 0, 205); // Label the image
            g.translate(137, 0); // Move over
            if (i % 4 == 3)
                g.translate(-137 * 4, 215); // Move down after 4
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] a) {
        JFrame f = new JFrame();
        f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
        f.setContentPane(new ImageOps());
        f.pack();
        f.setVisible(true);
    }
}








16.26.Image
16.26.1.Draw ImageDraw Image
16.26.2.Resize an imageResize an image
16.26.3.Load Image and scale itLoad Image and scale it
16.26.4.Flush an image
16.26.5.Reading an Image or Icon from a File
16.26.6.Get the dimensions of the image; these will be non-negative
16.26.7.Draw an Icon object
16.26.8.Scaling a Drawn Image
16.26.9.Shearing a Drawn Image
16.26.10.Rotating a Drawn Image
16.26.11.Translating a Drawn Image
16.26.12.Creates PNG images of the specified color that fade from fully opaque to fully transparent
16.26.13.Determining If an Image Has Transparent Pixels
16.26.14.Getting the Color Model of an Image
16.26.15.Filtering the RGB Values in an Image
16.26.16.Flip an image
16.26.17.Blur our image: Blur means an unfocused image
16.26.18.A reflected image: effect makes an illusion as if the image was reflected in water
16.26.19.Use PixelGrabber class to acquire pixel data from an Image object
16.26.20.Calculation of the mean value of an image
16.26.21.This filter removes all but the red values in an image
16.26.22.Using mediatracker to pre-load images
16.26.23.Create a grayscale image with Java 2D tools
16.26.24.Shrinking an image by skipping pixels
16.26.25.Get average of a set of images
16.26.26.Enlarging an image by pixel replication
16.26.27.A 3x3 kernel that blurs an image.
16.26.28.A 3x3 kernel that sharpens an image.
16.26.29.A 3x3 kernel that embosses an image.
16.26.30.Brighten the image by 30%
16.26.31.Darken the image by 10%
16.26.32.Create a filter that can modify any of the RGB pixel values in an image.
16.26.33.Gray scale image operation