Copy all letters three elements behind the 'f' : copy « STL Algorithms Non modifying sequence operations « C++ Tutorial

1. C++ Tutorial
2. STL Algorithms Non modifying sequence operations
3. copy

/* The following code example is taken from the book
 * "The C++ Standard Library - A Tutorial and Reference"
 * by Nicolai M. Josuttis, Addison-Wesley, 1999
 *
 * (C) Copyright Nicolai M. Josuttis 1999.
 * Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and distribute this software
 * is granted provided this copyright notice appears in all copies.
 * This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
 * warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
 */

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <deque>
#include <list>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
#include <functional>
#include <numeric>

using namespace std;

/* PRINT_ELEMENTS()
 * - prints optional C-string optcstr followed by
 * - all elements of the collection coll
 * - separated by spaces
 */
template <class T>
inline void PRINT_ELEMENTS (const T& coll, const char* optcstr="")
{
    typename T::const_iterator pos;

    std::cout << optcstr;
    for (pos=coll.begin(); pos!=coll.end(); ++pos) {
        std::cout << *pos << ' ';
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;
}

/* INSERT_ELEMENTS (collection, first, last)
 * - fill values from first to last into the collection
 * - NOTE: NO half-open range
 */
template <class T>
inline void INSERT_ELEMENTS (T& coll, int first, int last)
{
    for (int i=first; i<=last; ++i) {
        coll.insert(coll.end(),i);
    }
}

int main()
{
    /* initialize source collection with ''..........abcdef..........''
     */
    vector<char> source(10,'.');
    for (int c='a'; c<='f'; c++) {
        source.push_back(c);
    }
    source.insert(source.end(),10,'.');
    PRINT_ELEMENTS(source,"source: ");

    // copy all letters three elements in front of the 'a'
    vector<char> c1(source.begin(),source.end());
    copy (c1.begin()+10, c1.begin()+16,  // source range
          c1.begin()+7);                 // destination range
    PRINT_ELEMENTS(c1,"c1:     ");

    // copy all letters three elements behind the 'f'
    vector<char> c2(source.begin(),source.end());
    copy_backward (c2.begin()+10, c2.begin()+16,  // source range
                   c2.begin()+19);                // destination range
    PRINT_ELEMENTS(c2,"c2:     ");
}

source: . . . . . . . . . . a b c d e f . . . . . . . . . .
c1:     . . . . . . . a b c d e f d e f . . . . . . . . . .
c2:     . . . . . . . . . . a b c a b c d e f . . . . . . .