Virtual copy constructor : constructor « Class « C++ Tutorial

1. C++ Tutorial
2. Class
3. constructor

#include <iostream>
 
 class Animal
 {
 public:
     Animal():itsAge(1) { std::cout << "Animal constructor...\n"; }
     virtual ~Animal() { std::cout << "Animal destructor...\n"; }
     Animal (const Animal & rhs);
     virtual void Speak() const { std::cout << "Animal speak!\n"; }
     virtual Animal* Clone() { return new Animal(*this); } 
     int GetAge()const { return itsAge; }
 
 protected:
     int itsAge;
 };
 
 Animal::Animal (const Animal & rhs):itsAge(rhs.GetAge())
 {
     std::cout << "Animal Copy Constructor...\n";
 }
 
 class Dog : public Animal
 {
 public:
     Dog() { 
        std::cout << "Dog constructor...\n"; 
     }
     virtual ~Dog() { 
        std::cout << "Dog destructor...\n"; 
     }
     Dog (const Dog & rhs);
     void Speak()const { 
        std::cout << "Woof!\n"; 
     }
     virtual Animal* Clone() { return new Dog(*this); }
 };
 
 Dog::Dog(const Dog & rhs): Animal(rhs)
 {
     std::cout << "Dog copy constructor...\n";
 }
 
 class Cat : public Animal {
 public:
     Cat() { 
        std::cout << "Cat constructor...\n"; 
     }
     virtual ~Cat() { 
        std::cout << "Cat destructor...\n"; 
     }
     Cat (const Cat &);
     void Speak()const { 
        std::cout << "Meow!\n"; 
     }
     virtual Animal* Clone() { 
        return new Cat(*this); 
     }
 };
 
 Cat::Cat(const Cat & rhs): Animal(rhs)
 {
     std::cout << "Cat copy constructor...\n";
 }
 
 int main()
 {
     Animal *theArray[3];
     Animal* ptr;
     int choice,i;

     theArray[0] = new Dog;
     theArray[1] = new Cat;
     theArray[2] = new Animal;
      
     
     Animal *OtherArray[3];
     for (i=0;i<3;i++)
     {
         theArray[i]->Speak();
         OtherArray[i] = theArray[i]->Clone();
     }
     for (i=0;i<3;i++)
         OtherArray[i]->Speak();
     return 0;
 }

Animal constructor...
Dog constructor...
Animal constructor...
Cat constructor...
Animal constructor...
Woof!
Animal Copy Constructor...
Dog copy constructor...
Meow!
Animal Copy Constructor...
Cat copy constructor...
Animal speak!
Animal Copy Constructor...
Woof!
Meow!
Animal speak!