Triple DES
/*
* Copyright (c) 2000 David Flanagan. All rights reserved.
* This code is from the book Java Examples in a Nutshell, 2nd Edition.
* It is provided AS-IS, WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY either expressed or implied.
* You may study, use, and modify it for any non-commercial purpose.
* You may distribute it non-commercially as long as you retain this notice.
* For a commercial use license, or to purchase the book (recommended),
* visit http://www.davidflanagan.com/javaexamples2.
*/
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.Provider;
import java.security.Security;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.CipherOutputStream;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory;
import javax.crypto.spec.DESedeKeySpec;
/**
* This class defines methods for encrypting and decrypting using the Triple DES
* algorithm and for generating, reading and writing Triple DES keys. It also
* defines a main() method that allows these methods to be used from the command
* line.
*/
public class TripleDES {
/**
* The program. The first argument must be -e, -d, or -g to encrypt,
* decrypt, or generate a key. The second argument is the name of a file
* from which the key is read or to which it is written for -g. The -e and
* -d arguments cause the program to read from standard input and encrypt or
* decrypt to standard output.
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// Check to see whether there is a provider that can do TripleDES
// encryption. If not, explicitly install the SunJCE provider.
try {
Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance("DESede");
} catch (Exception e) {
// An exception here probably means the JCE provider hasn't
// been permanently installed on this system by listing it
// in the $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security/java.security file.
// Therefore, we have to install the JCE provider explicitly.
System.err.println("Installing SunJCE provider.");
Provider sunjce = new com.sun.crypto.provider.SunJCE();
Security.addProvider(sunjce);
}
// This is where we'll read the key from or write it to
File keyfile = new File(args[1]);
// Now check the first arg to see what we're going to do
if (args[0].equals("-g")) { // Generate a key
System.out.print("Generating key. This may take some time...");
System.out.flush();
SecretKey key = generateKey();
writeKey(key, keyfile);
System.out.println("done.");
System.out.println("Secret key written to " + args[1]
+ ". Protect that file carefully!");
} else if (args[0].equals("-e")) { // Encrypt stdin to stdout
SecretKey key = readKey(keyfile);
encrypt(key, System.in, System.out);
} else if (args[0].equals("-d")) { // Decrypt stdin to stdout
SecretKey key = readKey(keyfile);
decrypt(key, System.in, System.out);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println(e);
System.err.println("Usage: java " + TripleDES.class.getName()
+ " -d|-e|-g <keyfile>");
}
}
/** Generate a secret TripleDES encryption/decryption key */
public static SecretKey generateKey() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
// Get a key generator for Triple DES (a.k.a DESede)
KeyGenerator keygen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("DESede");
// Use it to generate a key
return keygen.generateKey();
}
/** Save the specified TripleDES SecretKey to the specified file */
public static void writeKey(SecretKey key, File f) throws IOException,
NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException {
// Convert the secret key to an array of bytes like this
SecretKeyFactory keyfactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("DESede");
DESedeKeySpec keyspec = (DESedeKeySpec) keyfactory.getKeySpec(key,
DESedeKeySpec.class);
byte[] rawkey = keyspec.getKey();
// Write the raw key to the file
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(f);
out.write(rawkey);
out.close();
}
/** Read a TripleDES secret key from the specified file */
public static SecretKey readKey(File f) throws IOException,
NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeyException,
InvalidKeySpecException {
// Read the raw bytes from the keyfile
DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(f));
byte[] rawkey = new byte[(int) f.length()];
in.readFully(rawkey);
in.close();
// Convert the raw bytes to a secret key like this
DESedeKeySpec keyspec = new DESedeKeySpec(rawkey);
SecretKeyFactory keyfactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("DESede");
SecretKey key = keyfactory.generateSecret(keyspec);
return key;
}
/**
* Use the specified TripleDES key to encrypt bytes from the input stream
* and write them to the output stream. This method uses CipherOutputStream
* to perform the encryption and write bytes at the same time.
*/
public static void encrypt(SecretKey key, InputStream in, OutputStream out)
throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeyException,
NoSuchPaddingException, IOException {
// Create and initialize the encryption engine
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DESede");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);
// Create a special output stream to do the work for us
CipherOutputStream cos = new CipherOutputStream(out, cipher);
// Read from the input and write to the encrypting output stream
byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];
int bytesRead;
while ((bytesRead = in.read(buffer)) != -1) {
cos.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
}
cos.close();
// For extra security, don't leave any plaintext hanging around memory.
java.util.Arrays.fill(buffer, (byte) 0);
}
/**
* Use the specified TripleDES key to decrypt bytes ready from the input
* stream and write them to the output stream. This method uses uses Cipher
* directly to show how it can be done without CipherInputStream and
* CipherOutputStream.
*/
public static void decrypt(SecretKey key, InputStream in, OutputStream out)
throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeyException, IOException,
IllegalBlockSizeException, NoSuchPaddingException,
BadPaddingException {
// Create and initialize the decryption engine
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DESede");
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key);
// Read bytes, decrypt, and write them out.
byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];
int bytesRead;
while ((bytesRead = in.read(buffer)) != -1) {
out.write(cipher.update(buffer, 0, bytesRead));
}
// Write out the final bunch of decrypted bytes
out.write(cipher.doFinal());
out.flush();
}
}
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