IN, NOT IN
IN operator retrieves the rows whose column value is in a list.
CREATE TABLE EMP (EMPNO NUMBER(4) NOT NULL,
ENAME VARCHAR2(10),
HIREDATE DATE);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (1, 'SMITH', TO_DATE('17-DEC-1980', 'DD-MON-YYYY'));
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (2, 'ALLEN', TO_DATE('20-FEB-1981', 'DD-MON-YYYY'));
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (3, 'WARD', TO_DATE('22-FEB-1981', 'DD-MON-YYYY'));
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (4, 'JONES', TO_DATE('2-APR-1981', 'DD-MON-YYYY'));
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (5, 'MARTIN',TO_DATE('28-SEP-1981', 'DD-MON-YYYY'));
SQL> SELECT *
2 FROM emp
3 WHERE empno IN (2, 3, 5);
EMPNO ENAME HIREDATE
---------- ---------- ---------
2 ALLEN 20-FEB-81
3 WARD 22-FEB-81
5 MARTIN 28-SEP-81
SQL>
NOT IN reverses the IN operator:
SQL> SELECT *
2 FROM emp
3 WHERE empno NOT IN (2, 3, 5);
EMPNO ENAME HIREDATE
---------- ---------- ---------
1 SMITH 17-DEC-80
4 JONES 02-APR-81
SQL>
NULL value and IN operator
NOT IN returns false if a value in the list is null.
SQL> SELECT *
2 FROM emp
3 WHERE empno NOT IN (2, 3, 5, NULL);
no rows selected
SQL>