Java operators can be grouped into the following four groups:
Arithmetic operators are used in mathematical expressions in the same way that they are used in algebra. The following table lists the arithmetic operators:
Java Arithmetic Operators
| Operator | Result |
|---|---|
| + | Addition |
| - | Subtraction (unary minus) |
| * | Multiplication |
| / | Division |
| % | Modulus |
| ++ | Increment |
| += | Addition assignment |
| -= | Subtraction assignment |
| *= | Multiplication assignment |
| /= | Division assignment |
| %= | Modulus assignment |
| -- | Decrement |
The operands of the arithmetic operators must be of a numeric type. You cannot use arithmetic operators on boolean types, but you can use them on char types.
Java bitwise operators can be applied to the integer types: long, int, short, char, byte.
Bitwise Operators act upon the individual bits of their operands.
Bitwise Operators
| Operator | Result |
|---|---|
| ~ | Bitwise unary NOT |
| & | Bitwise AND |
| | | Bitwise OR |
| ^ | Bitwise exclusive OR |
| >> | Shift right |
| >>> | Shift right zero fill |
| << | Shift left |
| &= | Bitwise AND assignment |
| |= | Bitwise OR assignment |
| ^= | Bitwise exclusive OR assignment |
| >>= | Shift right assignment |
| >>>= | Shift right zero fill assignment |
| <<= | Shift left assignment |
The relational operators determine the relationship between two operands. The relational operators are:
Relational Operators
| Operator | Result |
|---|---|
| == | Equal to |
| != | Not equal to |
| > | Greater than |
| < | Less than |
| >= | Greater than or equal to |
| <= | Less than or equal to |
The Boolean logical operators operate only on boolean operands.
Boolean Logical Operators
| Operator | Result |
|---|---|
| & | Logical AND |
| | | Logical OR |
| ^ | Logical XOR (exclusive OR) |
| || | Short-circuit OR |
| && | Short-circuit AND |
| ! | Logical unary NOT |
| &= | AND assignment |
| |= | OR assignment |
| ^= | XOR assignment |
| == | Equal to |
| != | Not equal to |
| ? : | Ternary if-then-else |
| Category | Operators |
|---|---|
| Unary | ++ -- + - ! ~ (type) |
| Arithmetic | * / % + - |
| Shift | <<>>>>> |
| Comparison | <<= >>= instanceof == != |
| Bitwise | & ^ | |
| Short-circuit | && || |
| Conditional | ? : |
| Assignment | = op= |
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